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Biomedical subjects

C R Bellenger

Publications and source records attributed to C R Bellenger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The use of sutures in Australian veterinary practices.

One hundred and twenty six respondents at a continuing education course in February 1986 provided information on suture use in their practice. The 100 responses from four Australian states were subject to analysis of suture type and size used for various procedures and correlated with practice type, location and state. The use of gut and nonabsorbable sutures in cassettes was pervasive. Superior materials and sutures in individual foil packets were used commonly only for a more complicated procedure (enterotomy).

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy in 14 dogs.

Ten male and 4 female dogs with chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy were seen at the Sydney Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the period 1982-88. The most commonly affected breeds were the Shihtzu and Maltese. The mean age was 8.2 yr and the mean body weight 6.5 kg. The most common clinical signs were vomiting, weight loss, polydipsia and depression. Hypokalaemia was present in 11 of 12 dogs examined and hypochloraemia in 10 of 11 dogs examined. Five of the six dogs that had blood gases measured were found to have a metabolic alkalosis. Surgery was performed on 13 dogs; pyloromyotomy 7, pyloroplasty 4, gastroduodenostomy 2. There was a recurrence of symptoms in one pyloromyotomy dog, and fatal ulceration and perforation of the cardia occurred in one pyloroplasty case. The remaining 11 dogs had a mean known symptom-free survival time of 20 mo. This study confirms the preponderance of affected males, identifies electrolyte and blood gas disturbances as significant complication of chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy, and suggests that relatively minor surgery (pyloromyotomy) may have a place in the treatment of a selected subgroup of cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Transvenous pacemaker leads in the dog: an experimental study.

Tined transvenous pacing leads were inserted into nine healthy large-breed dogs as part of an experimental study evaluating an implantable defibrillator. The pacing leads were used to induce ventricular fibrillation on the day of insertion, two and four weeks after insertion and then monthly. Despite daily running exercise on and off a leash, the tined leads remained firmly anchored to the right ventricular apex for the full experimental period of up to 12 months. Apart from mechanical endocarditis of the tricuspid valve, and partial penetration of the ventricular wall in one dog, problems associated with the pacing leads were not encountered. The use of tined leads and careful technique may minimise the likelihood of transvenous lead displacement.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of megestrol acetate on the endometrium of the prepubertally ovariectomised kitten.

Five prepubertally ovariectomised kittens served as controls. Ten prepubertally ovariectomised kittens were given megestrol acetate (MA) orally at the rate of either 5 or 15 mg twice weekly for 12 to 13 weeks. The uterine horns of treated cats increased in length and diameter. The endometrium became deeply folded with marked hypertrophy of glandular epithelium and production of glycogen by the glandular cells. One cat developed pyometra. Once weekly administration of 2.5 mg MA for a further 12 weeks maintained the hypertrophic changes. The proliferated endometrium regressed considerably but not completely after 12 weeks without MA administration. In two other kittens 2.5 mg MA once weekly for six weeks was sufficient to induce similar changes. MA is a very potent progestational agent in cats, even if they have been ovariectomised prepubertally.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Cystogastrostomy in the treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst/abscess in two dogs.

Two dogs with pancreatic pseudocyst or pancreatic abscess formation were treated by transgastric cystogastrostomy. In each case drainage of the cyst/abscess cavity into the stomach was followed by resolution of the primary lesion. One dog succumbed to an E coli bronchopneumonia after infection of the deep venous line used for total parenteral nutrition. The second dog recovered despite requiring additional surgery for biliary obstruction. Both dogs required intensive care during and after the operation.

Abscess↗
PubMed1988

Osteogenesis by canine and rabbit bone marrow in diffusion chambers.

Osteogenic activity of canine and rabbit bone marrow and marrow stromal fibroblasts (MSF) derived from marrow cultured in vitro was evaluated using diffusion chambers. Marrow from young dogs and rabbits grown in cell culture produced confluent layers of MSF. Diffusion chambers containing 0.18-7.6 x 10(6) allogeneic MSF were inserted into the peritoneal cavities of 5 dogs and 6 rabbits. Chambers recovered from the dogs (15/16) contained only loose fibrous tissue while chambers from rabbits (9/13) contained membranous bone and cartilage. Diffusion chambers implanted with 1.0-32.4 x 10(7) fresh allogeneic marrow cells suspended in cell culture medium were inserted into the peritoneal cavities of 11 dogs and 9 rabbits for 3-8 weeks, and after recovery examined histologically. Membranous bone was formed in 4/40 chambers containing canine marrow while bone and hyaline cartilage was formed in 21/27 chambers containing rabbit marrow. This apparent species difference in incidence of bone marrow osteogenesis may relate to a lower concentration of osteogenic precursor cells in canine marrow, a failure of osteogenic precursor cells to differentiate to osteoblasts in a somewhat artificial environment in vivo (viz diffusion chambers), a lack of cell-matrix interaction to stimulate cell differentiation, inappropriately short diffusion chamber implantation times post grafting, or a difference in ontogenetic stage of development of marrow donors with rabbit cells being physiologically younger.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The response of the canine intervertebral disc to immobilization produced by spinal arthrodesis is dependent on constitutional factors.

Posterior lumbar spinal fusion was performed on five mature greyhounds. Two months prior to death, all of the surgical and five age-matched control greyhounds were given Na2(35)SO4 (1.0 mCi/kg) intravenously. All fusion animals were killed 6 months postoperation, and discs beneath the fusion mass as well as those adjacent to it (parafusion discs) were sampled separately and dissected into the nuclei pulposi and annuli fibrosi (AF). Proteoglycans (PGs) were extracted with 4.0 M GuHCl and then purified by CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation. These PG monomers were subjected to Sepharose CL-2B chromatography, and their hydrodynamic size and ability to aggregate were determined. The level, extractability, and hydrodynamic size of PGs in the AF of fusion discs were found to be greater than those in control discs, as were the keratan sulfate core protein complexes prepared by chondroitin ABC lyase digestion. The ability of the 60-day-old PG subunit populations, isolated from fusion discs, to aggregate was also higher than controls. There was, however, no difference between the galactosamine/glucosamine, galactosamine/protein, glucosamine/protein, or hexuronate/protein ratios of PGs in fusion and control discs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Omental response to long-term implantation of diffusion chambers containing allogeneic and xenogeneic bone marrow.

Diffusion chambers were filled with bone marrow from 2-4 weeks old rabbits and dogs, and implanted into the peritoneal cavity of adult animals for 28-45 days. The diffusion chambers were encapsulated by omentum in both dogs and rabbits, and the character of the omental response was influenced by the chamber contents. Empty chambers were enveloped by omentum composed principally of fibrous-fatty tissues, with a thin fibrous layer adherent to the chamber walls. Chambers containing allogeneic marrow evoked a marked cellular and angiogenic response in the adherent omentum. In rabbits, lymphocytes were the predominant cell type. In dogs, large ecchymotic haemorrhages were found immediately adjacent to the chambers, with aggregations of lymphocytes in the surrounding dense fibrous tissue. Diffusion chambers containing xenogeneic marrow were surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue capsule, without any adhesion of the omental tissues to the chambers. The internal layer of the omental capsule was necrotic and chambers were bathed in serosanguinous fluid. It was concluded that antigens on fragments of marrow cells escaping from the diffusion chambers had evoked the various omental responses which were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of bilateral medial meniscectomy on articular cartilage of the hip joint.

Bilateral medial meniscectomy of the knee joint was undertaken in 4 mature greyhounds. Four greyhounds of similar age served as nonsurgical controls. Six months after meniscectomy, all animals were sacrificed and femoral head articular cartilage (FHC) examined for collagen, uronic acid, galactosamine, glucosamine and hyaluronic acid (HA) content. The sequential extractability of proteoglycans (PG) with non-dissociative (0.5 M GuHCl) and dissociative (0.4 M GuHCl) solvents was also investigated. The levels of collagen, uronic acid, galactosamine and glucosamine of the FHC of the meniscectomized group remained normal relative to FHC taken from the control greyhounds but the level of HA was significantly depressed (p less than 0.05). The amount of PG extracted by 0.5 M GuHCl from the FHC of the meniscectomized group was 2.5 X that extracted from control cartilage. In addition, subsequent extraction of the residues with 4.0 M GuHCl only released half the amounts of PG extracted from control FHC under the same conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of postoperative immobilisation on the regrowth of the knee joint semilunar cartilage: an experimental study.

Bilateral total medial meniscectomy was undertaken in the knee joints of 12 adult greyhounds. One-half of the animals had one meniscectomised joint immobilised by an external fixation system for 5 weeks following meniscectomy. All animals were sacrificed 6 months after surgery. The menisci (regrown and normal) were examined for collagen content and analysed histochemically to assess collagen assembly and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) distribution. Although the collagen content of regrown tissues were not statistically different from normal medial or lateral menisci, the fibre development and GAGs were abnormal. It is concluded that movement following meniscectomy is likely beneficial to the matrix formation in the regenerating tissue, but this together with weight bearing may have a detrimental effect on articular cartilage of the medial joint compartment.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The effects of postoperative joint immobilization on articular cartilage degeneration following meniscectomy.

Bilateral medial meniscectomy was performed in 12 mature greyhounds. One knee joint of half the group was immobilized by a Kirschner splint for a period of 5 weeks immediately following meniscectomy, after which the device was removed and the animals were allowed free movement for a further 21 weeks before sacrifice. Three greyhounds served as controls. While the collagen levels of articular cartilage from the femoral condyles and tibial plateaus of meniscectomized animals were the same as that of controls, differences were found for proteoglycan (PG) content and extractability using nondissociative conditions (0.5 M guanidinium hydrochloride (GuHCl) but not dissociative conditions (4.0 M GuHCl). With nondissociative conditions, twice as much PG was extracted from medial femoral condyle of meniscectomized animals encouraged to bear weight on joints immediately after surgery compared to that from controls or animals in whom joints were immobilized after surgery. Proteoglycans from medial tibial plateau cartilage of the free contralateral joints of the immobilized group were more readily extracted using 0.5 M GuHCl and also showed a statistically significant depression of uronic acid levels relative to both controls and tissues of other surfaces. The data suggest that postoperative management of meniscectomy in the human may be more important than has hitherto been recognized.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Double intussusception followed by reintussusception in a kitten.

A three-month-old Burmese kitten with diarrhoea developed a double intussusception, with invagination of jejunoileal intussusception into the colon. During surgical repair, about 20 cm of terminal jejunum and ileum were resected and an anastomosis performed 2 cm proximal to the ileocolic valve. A jejunoileocolic intussusception developed three days later and was reduced manually at laparatomy. The cat has grown normally since than and at one year old shows no signs of intestinal dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of inverting and appositional methods for anastomosis of the small intestine in cats.

Three anastomoses (single layer inverting, apposition with catgut sutures and with polyglycolic acid sutures) were made in the small intestines of six cats. Two cats each were euthanased three, 14 and 30 days after surgery. With the inverting technique the mean lumen diameter was only 4.72 mm while with the appositional technique it varied from 8.09 mm (gut) to 8.78 mm (polyglycolic acid). Expressed as percentages of adjacent intestinal diameters, the inverting, catgut apposition and polyglycolic acid apposition techniques resulted in lumen diameters of 42.2 per cent, 87-9 per cent and 77.7 per cent respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Fixation of metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in greyhounds.

Over a 6-year period a total of 23 greyhounds and 10 dogs of other breeds were presented with metacarpal and metatarsal fractures. While in other breeds trauma was the usual cause, in greyhounds the injuries were stress or fatigue fractures. In the greyhounds the fractures occurred mainly in young dogs and were often comminuted. Fifteen cases involved the fifth metacarpal bone of the left foreleg. The fractures were managed by either external immobilisation (8 cases) or internal fixation, mainly with lag screws (14 cases). Of 16 dogs which recovered sufficiently to be trialled, 6 were retired due to poor performance, 2 suffered further fractures and 4 raced in less than 10 races each. Four dogs entered in more than 10 races each won 23 of a total of 109 starts.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Perineal hernia in dogs.

Thirty-five male dogs with perineal hernia were seen at Sydney University Veterinary Hospital and Clinic over a five-year period from 1975 to 1979. The Corgi breed was most commonly affected, but Kelpies and Boxers were also over-presented when compared to the general clinic population. The mean age of affected dogs was 9.4 years and the mean body weight 16 kg. There were 11 bilateral and 24 unilateral herniae. Thirty-two dogs underwent herniorrhaphy. A recurrence rate of 15.4% was found in 26 dogs followed up for more than six months, this rate comparing favourably with a number of other reported series. The major post-operative complication was wound infection or breakdown, seen in 28.6% of dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cannulation of the canine auditory tube.

Cannulation of the auditory tube of the domestic dog via the oral cavity and nasopharynx is described. The length and diameter of the auditory tube and the volume of the cavum tympani were determined for 39 dogs weighing from 8 to 32 kg. Infusion of medicament into the cavum tympani of the dog via an auditory tube cannula may be indicated in the treatment of otitis media.

Animals↗