Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C R Baxter

Publications and source records attributed to C R Baxter.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Use of the Y-body for identification of skin source on a successfully grafted burn patient.

The use of the interphase male Y-body (fluorescent Y chromosome segment) technique with cryostat sections of both fresh and frozen-stored skin biopsies is described. A female burn patient appeared to retain her donor homografts, thereby negating the need for autografts. Since a retained homograft of this sort challenged our understanding of immunologic barriers, we applied the Y-body technique to cutaneous biopsies obtained from the patient's burn area that had been homografted with skin from a male donor, as well as control biopsies from the patient's unburned skin and normal control male and female skin. Based on clinical and cytogenetic observations, it was concluded that the most reasonable explanation for this case was that the regenerating tissue at the graft site was that of the recipient and not that of the originally grafted male skin.

Burns↗
PubMed1975

Characterization of elevated fibrin split products following thermal injury.

These studies establish that the staphylococcal clumping test is superior to the tanned red cell hemagglutination inhibition immunoassay for monitoring fibrin split product concentration in burn sera. It is strongly suggested that the principal circulating degradation product is a complex of soluble fibrin monomer with fragment D. Finally, there does not appear to be any effect on measured fibrin split product concentration in sera of burn patients receiving prophylactic heparin or aspirin.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1975

Coagulation dynamics following thermal injury: effect of heparin and protamine sulfate.

A burned rat model was developed to examine post-burn alterations in coagulation. Fibrin split product concentration, as measured by the staphylococcal clumping test, was noted to rise significantly within the first 24 hours following injury. Prophylactic in vivo systemic anticoagulation with heparin was ineffective in modifying this response. However, systemic administration of protamine sulfate prevented post-burn elevation of fibrin split products. In vitro fibrin split product concentration in burn sera following the addition of heparin and protamine sulfate, was also analyzed. The results of these experiments elucidated the biochemical effects of protamine sulfate on circulating fibrin degradation products in the rat burn model.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Usefulness of blood cultures in confirming septic complications in burn patients: evaluation of a new culture method.

A prospective evaluation of several techniques used to monitor thermally injured patients for septic complications was initiated. Thirty-eight extensively burned patients, at high risk for septic complications, were selected for study. Of these, 92% developed significant burn wound infection. Careful daily clinical evaluation and serial quantitative burn wound biopsy cultures provided the most effective means of establishing an early diagnosis of would sepsis. Serial blood cultures performed by the two different techniques were of very limited value in the recognition were not recovered until 5-10 days following documentation of heavy bacterial colonization of the burn wound.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of a radioimmunoassay with an enzymatic assay for gentamicin.

A radioimmunoassay and an enzymatic assay for gentamicin have been compared. The correlation coefficient for results of gentamicin assays performed by the two methods with 45 serum specimens was 0.90. A similar standard curve for the radioimmunoassay was obtained with gentamicin complex, with gentamicin Cl, Cla, or C2, or with sisomicin as ligand, but tobramycin did not compete with [(3)H]gentamicin for binding to the antiserum.

Enzymes↗
PubMed1975

Extravascular fibrinogen degradation in experimental burn wounds: a source of fibrin split products.

Utilizing a 40 percent flame-burned canine model, serial aliquots of burn-wound edema and simultaneous plasma samples were collected for 26 hours after burn, following the injection of 100 muc of 125I-tagged fibrinogen. Both edema fluid and plasma samples were analyzed for radioactivity. In addition, radioactivity in the supernatant was reassayed after sequential in vitro addition of thrombin, protamine sulfate (PS), and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to each sample. Plasma and edema fibrinogen and fibrin split product concentrations were measured directly. PS and TCA precipitable protein concentrations were calculated. Early post-burn edema radioactivity appeared primarily in the fibrinogen fractions where edema fibrinogen concentration was measured at almost 30 percent of the simultaneous plasma concentration. Late post-burn edema radioactivity (24 to 27 hours) was associated with the PS precipitable protein fraction (soluble fibrin monomer). Fibrin split product concentration increased in both plasma and edema during the study period. These observations allowed construction of a hypothesis to explain the post-burn elevation in plasma fibrin split product concentration noted in burned patients and strongly suggested that the abnormally elevated plasma fibrin split concentrations resulted from extravascular plasmin digestion of fibrinogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Transferrable resistance to tobramycin in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae associated with enzymatic acetylation of tobramycin.

Among gram-negative bacilli isolated from burn wound cultures, some strains of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to tobramycin (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC]>/= 20 mug/ml) but susceptible to gentamicin (MIC </= 5 mug/ml). One Klebsiella pneumoniae and two Enterobacter cloacae strains were selected for studies on their mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Resistance to high concentrations of tobramycin (MICs of 25 to 50 mug/ml) was conjugally transferred to a susceptible Escherichia coli strain at rates of 1.2 x 10(-4) to 2.8 to 10(-4) per donor cell, suggesting that resistance is controlled by R factors. Resistances to tobramycin, kanamycin, and neomycin were cotransferred. Enzymatic activities were present that acetylated tobramycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin in osmotic lysates from the donor and transcipient strains. Enzymatic adenylylation of these aminoglycosides was not observed. The aminoglycoside-acetylating activities from K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae resembled kanamycin acetyltransferase (KAT) in their specificity for aminoglycoside substrates. Not all isolates of bacteria that produce KAT are resistant to tobramycin, but the factors that determine susceptibility or resistance to tobramycin in KAT-producing bacteria have not yet been established.

Acetylation↗