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Biomedical subjects

C Q Mountjoy

Publications and source records attributed to C Q Mountjoy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Loss of neurons of origin of the adrenergic projection to cerebral cortex (nucleus locus ceruleus) in senile dementia.

To examine the possibility that senile dementia may be associated with a loss of noradrenergic neurons that innervate the cerebral cortex, we used a Quantimet 720 image analyzer to estimate the number of neurons in the nucleus locus ceruleus in elderly patients with the clinical diagnosis of senile dementia. In all but one case, the diagnosis was established histopathologically as senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). In a subgroup characterized by a high dementia score and relatively young age at death, there was a loss of about 80% of locus ceruleus neurons. This loss of neurons indicates a deficit of noradrenergic innervation to cerebral cortex in a group of patients which may represent a variant of SDAT.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1980

Reduced amounts of immunoreactive somatostatin in the temporal cortex in senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

Post-mortem brain tissue from 15 patients dying with a diagnosis of senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) was compared with tissue obtained from 16 control patients at routine post-mortem. A significant fall in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was observed in the cortex, hippocampus and amygdala of the SDAT cases and was maximal in the temporal cortex. The fall in ChAT activity observed in the temporal cortex was accompanied by a significant reduction (47%) in immunoreactive somatostatin.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Reduced 'gonadotrophin response to releasing hormone' after chronic administration to impotent men.

Ten endocrinologically normal men with secondary sexual impotence were given 500 microng LHRH subcutaneously every 8 h. After 4 weeks treatment the LH response to 500 microng LHRH was reduced from a peak of 35.7+/-5.2 to 16.8+/-3.5 mu/ml (P less than 0.01) and the FSH response from 4.2+/-0.93 to 2.39+/-0.4 mu/ml (P greater than 0.01). Circulating total testosterone, oestradiol, prolactin and sex hormone binding globulin showed no significant changes. Whether this inability of the pituitary to maintain it s response to LHRH is peculiar to impotent men requires further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A clinical trial of phenelzine in anxiety depressive and phobic neuroses.

A double-blind clinical trial of phenelzine and diazepam against placebo and diazepam in neurotic patients over a four-week period showed phenelzine to be superior to placebo on three rating scales in some groups of patients who completed the trial. The findings suggest that phenelzine may exert a beneficial effect on some as yet undefined features of anxiety and depression which were not revealed by a multiple regression analysis of clinical symptomatology or premorbid personality.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

A double blind cross over trial of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (LHRH) in sexually impotent men.

A double blind cross over trial of 500 mug of gonadotrophin releasing hormone or placebo subcutaneously every 8 h for 4 weeks in ten men with secondary sexual impotence is reported. No obvious clinical improvement occurred but statistical analysis of a libido score showed some overall improvement, especially the spontaneous occurrence of erections during the treatment period (P LESS THAN 0-05).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amyloid and senile plaques and cerebral blood vessels. A semi-quantitative investigation of a possible relationship.

The possibility of a direct association between the amyloid in senile plaques and in cerebral blood vessels was tested by a quantitative analysis of amyloid in these sites in the autopsy brains of 15 patients suffering from senile dementia of Alzheimer type and 30 non-demented old subjects. The numbers and severity of involvement of vessels showing amyloid were expressed as a vascular 'amyloid score'. Over all the cases amyloid within vessels was found to increase with each decade but no direct correlation existed between age and amyloid scores. Plaques were found in the absence of vascular amyloid and in 2 cases, vascular amyloid occurred without plaque formation. Nevertheless, there was a statistically significant association between the presence of vascular amyloid and of plaques and a significant correlation between total amyloid scores and plaque counts in the temporal lobe of demented subjects. However, amyloid scores only explained about 30% of the variance in plaque counts and amyloid in vessels is unlikely to contribute to the development of all senile plaques. There was no significant correlation between the amount of vascular amyloid observed and the clinical severity of the dementia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Number of neurons in nucleus locus ceruleus in demented and non-demented patients: rapid estimation and correlated parameters.

The total number of neurons in nucleus locus ceruleus (nLC) was counted in 20 patients with dementia (19 with dementia of the Alzheimer type) and 10 non-demented patients with the assistance of an image analyzer. The average number of neurons in a single representative section of nLC through the site of maximal neuronal density was then determined in each case. Both the mean total neuronal count and the average number of neurons in single sections correlated significantly with age, severity of dementia and length of nLC. The mean total number of neurons for demented (5571.700 +/- 4151.073) and non-demented (12533.700 +/- 2336.320) subjects differed significantly. The mean number of neurons derived by averaging counts of single representative sections from demented subjects (67.9 +/- 31.19) correlated significantly with the total number of nLC neurons determined by Quantimet-assisted analysis and differed significantly from the mean number of neurons derived by averaging counts of single representative sections of non-demented subjects of comparable age (110.0 +/- 16.59). With both methods of estimating neuronal numbers, the number of surviving nLC neurons in demented patients fell into 2 distinct groups, with cut-off points at 5,000 neurons (mean total counts) and 67 neurons (average of single representative section counts). These findings provide clear evidence that samples of the nLC neuronal population derived from single section counts produce data of comparable utility to those obtained from more laborious total neuronal counts in the human locus ceruleus.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A correlative study on hippocampal cation shifts and amino acids and clinico-pathological data in Alzheimer's disease.

Amino acid transmitters and cations were assessed in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of 12 Alzheimer's disease (AD), 4 multi-infarct dementia (MID) patients, and 12 age-matched controls. In the hippocampus, but not in the frontal cortex of AD patients we observed an increase of sodium (Na) and a decrease of potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) content as compared to controls. Calcium (Ca) was not changed. These cation shifts were highly correlated with glutamate, which was significantly decreased in AD hippocampus. Hippocampal Na and K levels correlated also highly with gamma-aminobutyrate, cholineacetyltransferase and noradrenaline levels in the hippocampus and dementia scores. These results show that Na and K changes are sensitive markers for neurodegenerative processes in AD and suggest a loss of glutamatergic neurons in AD hippocampus.

Aged↗