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Biomedical subjects

C Pohl

Publications and source records attributed to C Pohl.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of a soluble form of the CD30 antigen in sera of patients with lymphoma, adult T-cell leukemia and infectious mononucleosis.

Using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we were able to detect a soluble form of the CD30 antigen (CD30s) in the supernatant of cell lines expressing membrane-bound CD30 and in T and B cells after transformation with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) and Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV). While CD30s was not found in 250 healthy controls, it was detected in the sera of patients with Hodgkin's disease (23/100), anaplastic large-cell (6/9), angioimmunoblastic (2/2) and one unclassified high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as in 18/20 patients with acute adult T-cell leukemia (ATL, HTLV-I-positive). It was absent in a large number of patients with other high-grade NHL, all low-grade NHLs, acute or chronic leukemias and solid tumors. The only non-malignant disease with detectable levels of CD30s was infectious mononucleosis (9/10). The membrane-bound form of CD30 has a molecular weight of 120 kDa. Western blot analysis revealed that CD30s in the serum of patients has a molecular weight of 88 kDa, identical to the antigen released by cell lines in vitro. CD30s disappeared in all originally positive cases after successful treatment and reappeared in relapsing patients. Thus, CD30s may be useful as a specific marker for disease activity of certain types of lymphoma and ATL.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Alpha-fetoprotein in the woodchuck model of hepadnavirus infection and disease: immunochemical analysis of woodchuck alpha-fetoprotein and measurement in serum by quantitative monoclonal radioimmunoassay.

Woodchuck hepatitis virus infection of the eastern woodchuck represents a useful model for the study of hepatitis B virus infection and disease in humans, including hepatocellular carcinoma. In man, hepatocellular carcinoma is frequently detected and monitored using assays for serum alpha-fetoprotein. To study the relationship between alpha-fetoprotein and woodchuck hepatitis virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in the woodchuck model, we produced a monoclonal antibody to woodchuck alpha-fetoprotein and used biophysical and immunochemical methods to demonstrate its specificity and affinity (7 x 10(8) L/mol) for woodchuck alpha-fetoprotein. A competition radioimmunoassay was then developed and standardized for measuring serum alpha-fetoprotein concentrations. In the radioimmunoassay system, woodchuck alpha-fetoprotein was detected between 20 ng/ml (20% to 25% inhibition) and 8,500 ng/ml (97% to 98% inhibition). Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein concentrations (450 to 452,000 ng/ml) were measured in 21 of 23 woodchucks in the advanced stages of woodchuck hepatitis virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum alpha-fetoprotein was elevated above normal (greater than or equal to 450 ng/ml) as early as 3 to 11 mo before terminal hepatocellular carcinoma in 11 of 16 of the woodchuck hepatitis virus-carrier woodchucks. In a pilot study, serum alpha-fetoprotein became markedly elevated above normal in woodchuck hepatitis virus-carrier woodchucks that developed hepatocellular carcinoma but not in serologically recovered or uninfected woodchucks (i.e., without hepatocellular carcinoma). Thus, alpha-fetoprotein may provide a useful noninvasive marker in the woodchuck model for detecting and monitoring woodchuck hepatitis virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma from earlier stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Administrators' attitudes toward hiring disabled nurses.

An accessible but previously untapped market for staff is disabled registered nurses. The authors report the results of a survey sent to nursing home and hospital administrators assessing their attitudes toward hiring disabled RNs. The differences between nurse administrators and non-nurse administrators were significant. The authors suggest strategies to incorporate disabled nurses into the work force.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1989

[The value of computerized tomography for preoperative staging of stomach cancer].

The validity of computed tomography (CT) for the preoperative staging (TNM) of gastric carcinoma was studied in 74 patients, first in a prospective study, then under routine clinical conditions. Comparing CT-staging to intraoperative findings in the study patients showed correct assessment of the T-category in 70%, the N-category in 36%, and of both T and N in 26%. Validity was also low with 27% for both T- and N-staging when the CT was set against pathological-anatomical findings. The results in clinical routine were even more disappointing. The examination is of little value for deciding on operative indication and planning. Computed tomography therefore should not be part of a preoperative routine diagnostic assessment in gastric carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A human monoclonal antibody that recognizes viral polypeptides and in vitro translation products of the genome of the hepatitis D virus.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient chronically infected with hepatitis D virus (HDV) were immortalized by Epstein-Barr virus transformation. Two stable monoclonal cell lines, derived from the same parent culture, were established and produced antibodies of the IgG isotype that were specific for the hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg). Both monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognized the major HDAg polypeptides of 24 kilodaltons and 27 kilodaltons that were previously detected by polyclonal antibodies to HDAg in both liver and serum from HDV-infected humans, chimpanzees, and woodchucks. This result indicates that the major polypeptides of HDAg share common epitopes. The MAbs also reacted with minor polypeptides of lower molecular weight, which were present in infected liver. In vitro translation products of HDV-specific RNA from infected liver were also detected by the MAbs; these polypeptides were 24 kilodaltons and 27 kilodaltons, respectively, and comigrated with liver- or serum-derived HDAg. In contrast, HDV RNA isolated from virions in serum was not translated into HDAg polypeptides in the in vitro system.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Morphological predictors of survival in advanced gastric carcinoma univariate and multivariate analysis.

In 76 curative resected advanced gastric carcinomas, the relationships between macro- and microscopy of the carcinoma and the survival rate were studied by univariate and multivariate survival analyses. In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (product limit estimator), significant influence on survival rate was found for tumor size, Laurén type, number of lymphocytes, tumor fibrosis, and N stage. In the multivariate survival analysis of covariates according to the Cox regression model, in macroscopically evaluable variables the tumor size was effective, in bioptically evaluable variables the number of plasma cells and the histological type. Concerning the primary tumor, the same set of variables presents significant correlations to survival time. Adding the involvement of lymph nodes, Laurén type, and N stage express all significant correlations of the tumor to survival rate. In parametric multivariate stepwise regression analyses of survival time, all variables working in the Cox proportional hazard model were very ineffective. But adaption of the Kaplan-Meier test to the effective variables of multivariate survival analysis elucidates the tight relationships between survival rate and these variables. No distinct relationships are present between variables of primary tumor and presence of lymph nodes metastases or N stage respectively.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1985

[Nonpuerperal mastitis].

The medical history of 37 women with nonpuerperal mastitis, who had been treated between January 1980 and July 1983 at the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Tübingen, was reviewed because of the increasing prevalence of this disease. Defined by different history and clinical symptoms, two groups of patients were seen: 25 women with acute nonpuerperal mastitis and 12 women with chronic recurring nonpuerperal mastitis. The average age of the patients was 30 years. The inflammation was located mostly subareolar and around the nipple. The main symptoms were pain, erythema and swelling, in acute cases accompanied by fever and abscess formation. This process was strongly related to the interval between the onset of symptoms and the initiation of treatment. Anaerobes and Staphylococcus aureus could be cultured mainly from women with acute nonpuerperal mastitis. In females with chronic recurrent mastitis, mostly anaerobes were found. Women were treated with a prolactin inhibitor (bromocriptine), if abscess formation, leukocytosis or fever were absent. In patients with leukocytosis and/or fever this regimen was combined with antibiotics. Abscesses were treated surgically, in some cases in combination with prolactin inhibition and antibiotic administration. The results show that an early conservative treatment is important to prevent abscess formation. It seems that this treatment can reduce the rate of recurrences.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

Patho-anatomical demonstration of lymph node metastases in a surgical specimen.

The prognosis of malignant disease is mainly determined by the demonstration or exclusion of lymph node metastases. However, other findings must also be considered, e.g., the number of lymph nodes examined and involved by tumor, differentiation between micro- and macrometastases, intranodal and perinodal growth, and non-neoplastic changes. These findings cannot be established with certainty when conventional examination methods (lamination and palpation) are used. Satisfactory results can only be obtained by employing a clearing technique and by processing the lymph nodes in step sections. For the speedy clearing of adipose tissue two devices have been developed in which hot acetone and xylene act on the tissue. In the transparent adipose tissue the lymph nodes can be easily recognized and accurately correlated topographically. In comparison to the routine method, the number of lymph nodes and nodal metastases detected can be doubled or tripled with this technique and with step sections. In particular, lymph nodes less than 5 mm in size and micrometastases (less than 2 mm) are visualized.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Immunohistochemistry of acid phosphatase in the human prostate: normal and pathologic. Cytochemistry and biochemistry of acid phosphatases II.

Three different antisera against human prostatic acid phosphatase were used for direct and indirect immunohistochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase in paraffin sections of infantile and adult normal, hyperplastic and carcinomatous prostatic tissue. All antisera were prepared in rabbits. Antiserum A was prepared from highly purified acid phosphatase extracted from autopsy specimens. Antiserum B was a concentrate of a commercial antiserum used in radioimmunoassay and was prepared from purified extracts of human seminal fluid. Antiserum C was a peroxidase-conjugated antiserum prepared from purified extracts of human seminal fluid. The specificity of the three antisera was compared using different immunohistochemical methods and tissues. It was comparably high in all three antisera which gave only slightly different staining results in prostatic tissue. The staining results in prostatic carcinoma were only dependent on the titer of the respective antiserum. Carcinomas with a cribriform growth pattern showed variable staining, but always had a positive immunoreactions, provided the titer of the antiserum was sufficiently high. Striking differences were observed in metaplastic, atrophic and hyperplastic prostatic epithelium. The most intense reaction was observed in atrophic glands: it was much less intense in hyperplastic and normal epithelium and negative or slightly positive in metaplastic epithelium.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

[Efficency of tocoylsis by fenoterol and fenoterol in combination with a beta-1-blocking compound (author's transl)].

In 35 pregnant women threatening premature labour and cervic dilatation indicated therapy by a beta-mimetic compound (fenoterol) for tocolysis. 17 patients (group I) got fenoterol-monotherapy; in 18 patients (group II) fenoterol was combined with the cardioselective beta-1-blocking agent metoprolol. There were no differences in age, bodyweight and time of gestation in both groups before therapy; also the obstetric states--as compared by pelvic score (Bishop) and tocolysis index (Baumgarten)--were nearly identical. Efficiency of tocolytic therapy was evaluated by prolongation index (Richter) and tocolysis-success-score (Weidinger). Statistical analysis comparing these parameters in both groups showed no significant differences. Heartrate, however, was significantly (p > 0,005) lower in patients treated by fenoterol and metoprolol, thus indicating less cardial stress induced by fenoterol. In conclusion the combination of the semiselective beta-2-stimulating compound fenoterol with the beta-1-blocking agent metoprolol is proposed for tocolytic therapy because of less cardial stress but identical tocolytic efficiency as compared with fenoterol-monotherapy.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical application of combined beta 2-stimulation and beta 1-blockade in tocolysis (author's transl)].

35 pregnant women were treated with the semiselective beta 2-stimulating compound fenoterol because of threatening premature labor. The efficiency of tocolysis and the cardiovascular effects of a mono-therapy with fenoterol were compared with a combined therapy with the beta 1-blocking compound metoprolol by the following parameters: Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular dimensions and mean Vcf as determined by echocardiography, pelvic score, tocolysis-index and tocolysis-success-score (Weidinger-score). Metoprolol caused a remarkable and highly significant reduction of the fenoterol-induced cardiac effects: increase of heart rate and augmentation of mean Vcf; the blood pressure was significantly lowered by metoprolol. The tocolytic effect of fenoterol in no respect was blunted by metoprolol.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗