Biomedical subjects

C Peter Herman

Publications and source records attributed to C Peter Herman.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we diet: effects of anticipated deprivation on food intake in restrained and unrestrained eaters.

This study examined the effect of anticipated food deprivation on intake in restrained and unrestrained eaters. Participants were randomly assigned to a diet condition, in which they expected to diet for a week, or to a control (no-diet) condition. Immediately after being assigned to a condition, participants completed a taste-rating task in which food consumption was measured. Restrained eaters in the diet condition consumed significantly more food than did restrained eaters in the no-diet condition or unrestrained eaters in either condition. Unrestrained eaters consumed the same amount regardless of condition. These results confirm that merely planning to go on a diet can trigger overeating in restrained eaters, reflecting the dynamic connection between dieting and overeating.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Causes of eating disorders.

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have emerged as the predominant eating disorders. We review the recent research evidence pertaining to the development of these disorders, including sociocultural factors (e.g., media and peer influences), family factors (e.g., enmeshment and criticism), negative affect, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction. Also reviewed are cognitive and biological aspects of eating disorders. Some contributory factors appear to be necessary for the appearance of eating disorders, but none is sufficient. Eating disorders may represent a way of coping with problems of identity and personal control.

Cognition Disorders↗

PubMed2002

If at first you don't succeed. False hopes of self-change.

Despite repeated failure at attempts to change aspects of their behavior, people make frequent attempts at self-change. The generally negative outcome of many such self-change efforts makes it difficult to understand why so many individuals persist at these attempts. The authors have described this cycle of failure and renewed effort as a "false hope syndrome" characterized by unrealistic expectations about the likely speed, amount, ease, and consequences of self-change attempts. In this article, the authors further develop their conceptualization of this syndrome and review its evidential basis. They review the reasons why so many people tend to fail in their self-change attempts and then examine how people interpret these failures in such a way that they are led to keep trying repeatedly despite apparently overwhelming odds. Finally, the authors discuss the psychological consequences of repeated failure and analyze the distinction between confidence and overconfidence.

Attitude↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mental health and eating behaviours: a bi-directional relation.

BACKGROUND: Variations in mental health may contribute to or impair healthy eating. The relation between eating and mental health is bi-directional: one's mood or psychological state can affect what and how much one eats, and eating affects one's mood and psychological well-being. Thus, if we want to promote and develop strategies to encourage healthy eating, it is important to understand the connections between mental health and healthy eating. METHODS: To contribute to this understanding, we examine the research on individual differences in how people respond to food, as well as mood, and emotional, social and collective influences on what and how much is eaten; we then examine the implications of these connections for mental health, with a focus on adolescents and adults. Looking at the relation between eating and mental health from the other direction, we review research investigating whether the amount that one eats or particular foods one ingests can make one feel good or bad about oneself. CONCLUSIONS: Overeating and undereating have complex effects, sometimes contributing to improved feelings of well-being and at other times leaving the individual feeling guilty, deprived, depressed and anxious. We attempt to identify both what we know and the gaps in our knowledge.

Adolescent↗