Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Pelissier

Publications and source records attributed to C Pelissier.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Hormonal modulation in disseminated lupus erythematosus: the preliminary results with danazol and cyproterone acetate].

In an open prospective study, we have tested clinical efficacy and tolerance of two antigonadotropic drugs, that is danazol (D) and cyproterone-acetate (CA). This study was performed in 11 female patients ranging in age from 19 to 47 years, who suffered from midly-active SLE, during 12 therapeutic periods on the whole (that is 6 for each drug), the minimum period of which was one year. Because of side-effects, D had to be early withdrawn in 2 patients, whereas (the) AC appeared to be well-tolerated in all of them. On the whole, 16 clinical exacerbations of DLE were observed during the 12 months pre-treatment period, versus 9 exacerbations during the 12 months treatment period (p less than 0.05, Wilcoxon test), whereas the average dose of prednisone was reduced from 9.6 to 3.5 mg/day. A dramatic improvement was then observed in 3 patients suffering from mucous ulcerations. Increased plasma testosterone level without any change in estradiol level was observed in patients treated with D. Conversely, plasma estradiol decreased without any change in testosterone level in patients treated with CA. Both drugs induced reduction in plasma sex-hormone binding protein. These preliminary results suggest that D and CA may both reduce lupus disease activity, in parallel with an hormonal environment modification, towards a lower estrogen-androgen balance, along with a better tolerance as for CA.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hormonal modulation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Preliminary clinical and hormonal results with cyproterone acetate.

We prospectively studied the effects of hormonal modulation using the antigonadotropic drug, cyproterone acetate (CA), in 7 female patients who had moderately active systemic lupus erythematosus. CA was taken orally at a mean daily dose of 50 mg for 21-33 months by 6 patients (9 months by the seventh patient) without any side effects. The number of clinical lupus exacerbations during CA treatment was lower than that during the corresponding pretreatment period (15 of 170 patient-months versus 27 of 156 patient-months; P less than 0.05), despite a reduction in the daily maintenance dose of corticosteroids or antimalarial drugs. Mean plasma testosterone levels were low initially and remained unchanged (0.66 +/- 0.31 to 0.59 +/- 0.23 nmoles/liter), whereas plasma estradiol decreased markedly (from 0.6 +/- 0 38 to 0.11 +/- 0.03 nmoles/liter), resulting in a significant reduction in the estradiol:testosterone ratio (from 1.19 +/- 0.68 to 0.23 +/- 0.12) and in the plasma concentration of the sex hormone-binding protein. Thus, cyproterone acetate induced improvement in clinical lupus activity in parallel with the expected lower estradiol:testosterone balance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Virilizing ovarian tumours. Contribution of selective venous catheterization to the diagnosis].

The presence of a virilizing ovarian hilum cell tumours was suspected on account of a rise of plasma testosterone level above 3.5 ng/ml in one patient and a rise of plasma androstenedione level above 3.0 ng/ml in another. The diagnosis was made by selective catheterization of the ovarian and adrenal veins, which showed a high androgen concentration gradient in the vein of the ovary affected as compared with that observed in the adrenal and peripheral veins, and was confirmed by histological examination after ovariectomy. These two cases are contrasted with two other cases with high testosterone plasma levels but without gradient on selective catheterization. One of the patients had abnormal hepatic metabolism (porto-caval shunt) and the other had taken high doses of androgens.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of temephos on the acetylcholinesterase activity of the brain of Tilapia guineensis. 1: Experimental study at operative doses].

After having exposed during 10 minutes the Tilapia guineensis to a concentration of 0,05 mg/l of temephos (concentration of a larvicide used for the field test), the authors note a lowering of the acetylcholinesterastic activity of the brain to an order of 25%. The return to a normal activity is achieved within 20 to 25 days. A new exposure, happening one week after the first, provokes a further lowering before the return to a normal value. The authors question themselves on the consequences of these chemical attacks repeated on a weekly basis during antilarval treatments in the struggle against the onchocercose.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of temephos on the acetylcholinesterase activity of the brain of Tilapia guineensis. 2: Experimental study of 24-hour exposure to the toxic compound].

The exposition of the Tilapia guineensis to concentrations used in the field to destroy the simulium larvae in their aquatic biotopes is 0,05 mg/l/10 minutes. The authors have previously remarked a significant lowering of acetylcholinesterasic brain activity in this fish. In the case of a much prolonged contact (24h corresponding 144 times the theoretic time of contact), it is noticed that, if this immediate effect is not more pronounced, on the other hand it is noticeable for a much longer acetylcholinesterasic activity extends beyond forty days. In the same conditions, three successive weekly treatments lead the acetylcholinesterasic activity to the level of vital activity.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1977

Aminopeptidase N from Escherichia coli. Unusual interactions with the cell surface.

The subcellular localization of aminopeptidase N (previously called aminoendopeptidase) has been investigated. This enzyme was found to be partially released (30-40%) by osmotic shock or by converting Escherichia coli K10 cells to spheroplasts. However, in all other E. coli strains (K12, B/r, MRE 600, ML 308) tested, this enzyme is not released at all by these procedures and thus behaves like a cytoplasmic enzyme. The crypticity of aminopeptidase N is surprisingly low, 75-85% of the enzyme activity is directly assayable in intact cells of any E. coli strain. Various inhibitors of transport systems do not interfer with this assay. Aminopeptidase activity could also be assayed in spheroplasts, even when an insolubilized substrate was used, which suggests a surface location of this enzyme. As well, N-ethylmaleimide (0.4 mM), under conditions which do not allow penetration in the cytoplasm, caused 70% inhibition of aminopeptidase N. Binding of 125I-labeled antiaminopeptidase N antibody to spheroplasts (from K12 strain) was used to assay the orientation of aminopeptidase N in the membrane. This enzyme is exposed on the outer surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. Confirmation of this orientation was obtained by comparing the accessibility of aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase to fluorescamine in intact cells. Only 16% of the total beta-galactosidase was labeled with this fluorescent reagent whereas 44-45% of the aminopeptidase N and 59% of the alkaline phosphatase were labeled. Electron microscopic visualization of insolubilized reaction products of aminopeptidase N within the cells showed that these products are located at the poles of the cells. Neither mutant cells which were devoid of aminopeptidase N activity nor parental strains with the enzyme activity inhibited with phenylmercuric chloride contained the characteristic black caps. Thus, it appears that the periplasm is enlarged at the poles of the cells and that the reaction product is mainly located in these places. Investigation of the type of interactions of aminopeptidase N with the plasma membrane only revealed that aminopeptidase N has mainly an electrostatic interaction with the outer surface, probably mediated by magnesium ion bridges. Additional interactions are involved since disruption of the integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane is required to totally release this enzyme.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Existence, localization and regulation of the biosynthesis of aminoendopeptidase in gram-negative bacteria.

An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing the substrate L-alanine p-nitroanilide has been found in 18 gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas that we tested. This enzyme might be located near the cell surface. Contrastingly we have not detected this activity on colonies of the 8 gram-positive Bacillus that we tested, which suggest a taxonomic value for this test. The aminoendopeptidases found in the various gram-negative bacteria showed similar electrophoretic mobilities and immunological cross-reactivity when tested again Escherichia coli anti-aminoendopeptidase antiserum. The regulation of aminoendopeptidase biosynthesis by the endogenous level of inorganic phosphate that we previously demonstrated in E. coli has been found to exist in all gram-negative organisms tested.

Alanine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of urogenital mycoplasma infection in women infected with HIV in Bangui (Central African Republic)].

Urogenital mycoplasma (UGM) infections have often been reported in HIV patients. Little is known about UGM colonization and infection. We assessed the level of UGM colonization and infection in a cohort of HIV-positive women living in Bangui, Central African Republic. We studied 146 women of child-bearing age, some of whom were pregnant. All were HIV-positive but asymptomatic and attended one of the urban health centers and the National Center for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Bangui in April or May 1995. Colonization was defined as an endocervical mycoplasma concentration of less than 10(4) color change units per milliliter (CCU/ml) and infection was defined as an endocervical mycoplasma concentration of at least 10(4) CCU/ml. 58 of the 146 HIV-positive women were pregnant (group A). Group B comprised the other 88 women who were not pregnant. The mean age of the women in group A was 22.7 years (range: 15 to 41) and that for the women in group B was 25.8 years (range: 17 to 40). 134 of the 146 women were carrying one or both of the two types of UGM. There were 53 (91.4%) cases in group A and 81 (92%) in group B. Overall, 40% of the women were colonized and 51.4% were infected. UGM infections frequently affect HIV-positive pregnant women in Bangui. Our results suggest that women should be screened for UGM as well as for other sexually transmitted diseases, to improve the care of HIV-infected women attending antenatal clinics in developing countries.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗