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Biomedical subjects

C Parsons

Publications and source records attributed to C Parsons.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acute hepatitis B in a metropolitan population.

One hundred and fifty-three patients with acute hepatitis B infection over a four-year period have been reviewed. They were predominantly young males (60%) with a mild illness. There was no indication of the source of the infection in 56 patients (36%), while 52 patients (34%) had a history of intravenous narcotic abuse. Twenty-five patients were hospital staff members, while the remainder had known environmental associations with the hepatitis B virus. Eight of the 80 patients who were followed up for longer than six months had persistent hepatitis B surface antigenaemia, and evidence of progression to chronic hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma in Australia: Aetiological considerations.

This is a study of aetiological associations in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Thirty new patients with PHC were seen in a five-year period. The most common aetiological association was alcoholic cirrhosis. This was implicated in the development of PHC in 13 patients. However, since the introduction of radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) there have been six patients with HBsAg-associated PHC. Thus, for the first time, an association of hepatitis B virus with PHC is described in this country.

Australia↗
PubMed1979

Emerging patterns of hepatitis B chronic liver disease in Australia.

Until now, the hepatitis B virus has been thought to play a minor role in the aetiology of chronic liver disease in Australia. This is a report of 21 patients with cirrhosis and/or primary hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis B antigenaemia. Primary hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in six patients, five of whom had underlying cirrhosis. The disease occurred mainly in non-Australian born males, and was not often associated with a previous history of hepatitis. The death of 16 patients within 12 months of presentation is in contrast to previous concepts of the benign nature of hepatitis B associated cirrhosis.

Australia↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography of paranasal sinus tumors.

Thirty-two patients with histologically proved malignant disease involving the paranasal sinuses were studied by CT. The radiological features of tumor were sinus opacification, a soft-tissue mass, bone erosion and/or displacement, sclerosis, and new-bone formation. Measurements of tissue densities were not helpful in distinguishing tumor from benign disease. Significantly greater tumor extent was demonstrated by CT than by conventional methods in 15 patients; the additional tumor most commonly involved the pterygoid region or orbit. The clinical importance of various directions of tumor spread is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Abdominal lymphography in thalassaemia major.

The appearances are described of abdominal lymphography in seven patients with thalassaemia major. All were severely and chronically anaemic. An abnormal course of lymphatic channels was seen in only one case. Nodal filling defects were found in all patients, lying centrally and peripherally, in para-aortic and iliac glands. The findings correlate well with the microscopic features of lymph nodes removed at therapeutic splenectomy. These show haemosiderin deposition and foci of extramedullary erythropoeisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Pepsin output after disruption of the human gastric mucosal barrier by taurocholic acid.

Test solutions containing 10 mM taurocholic acid in 160 mM HCl were instilled into the stomachs of healthy volunteers to disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier. Although significant back diffusion of hydrogen ions and exsorption of sodium ions occurred, there was no significant increase in pepsin output compared to control studies with 160 mm HCl alone. Our data suggest that 160 mM HCl produces a many-fold increase in basal pepsin output. In the innervated stomach of man disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier by taurocholic acid in acid solution is not accompanied by increased pepsin secretion compared to that produced by 160 mM HCl alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of prednisolone and salicyclic acid on ionic fluxes across the human stomach.

We compared ionic fluxes across human gastric mucosa after instillation of test solutions of isotonic hydrochloric acid alone or containing salicylic acid, or prednisolone or both. Prednisolone produced no alteration in fluxes of H+ and Na+ ions compared with controls. Salicyclic acid induced a significant net loss of H+ ions and gain of Na+ ions indicating alteration of the gastric mucosal barrier. Combined salicyclic acid plus prednisolone produced no increase in permeability of gastric mucosa to H+ and Na+ ions or to salicylic acid itself. Prednisolone was not appreciably absorbed from the stomach while salicylic acid was well absorbed. Combination of salicylic acid and prednisolone did not increase absorption of either drug. Neither salicylic acid nor prednisolone solutions alone or combined caused an increase in pepsin output over that due to 160 mM HCl. Salicylic acid resulted in a significant fall in potential difference compared to control while prednisolone produced no change in the one subject studied. In acute studies in man prednisolone is not absorbed from the stomach, does not itself affect the gastric mucosal barrier nor pepsin output nor does it enhance the absorption of or effect of salicylic acid on gastric ionic fluxes or pepsin output.

Absorption↗
PubMed1971

Near drowning.

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Child↗
PubMed1966

Muscle relaxation: evidence for an intrafibrillar restoring force in vertebrate striated muscle.

Observations of contracting muscle fibrils in cultured cells indicate that the force which restores the resting length of the sarcomere comes from the contractile elements themselves and not from external elasticity, as is now generally accepted. In light of biochemical studies on the contraction-relaxation cycle, it is postulated that the elongating force is one of internal elasticity in the sarcomere, which arises during contraction from the distortion of bonds between filaments and/or structural proteins. This mechanism of restoration may serve to establish optimal sarcomere length for production of maximum contractile force, and in cardiac muscle this mechanism may be a factor in ventricular filling.

Animals↗
PubMed1966

Oscar Brenner.

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England↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of serum and hepatic markers of hepatitis B viral infection in HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis.

The correlation between serum and hepatic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been studied in 70 subjects with chronic active hepatitis of whom 18 were HBsAg+ and 52 were HBsAg-. In HBsAg+ subjects, sera were tested for HBeAg/anti-HBe status and for HBV DNA sequences using a DNA dot hybridization technique. Anti-HBs and anti-HBc were measured in serum in the HBsAg- group. Immunoperoxidase staining was used to detect HBsAg, HBcAg and delta antigen in liver tissue. Of the 18 HBsAg+ patients, 13 were HBeAg+ and 5 were anti-HBe+. A good correlation was shown between HBeAg and HBV DNA in serum and HBcAg expression in liver tissue. Neither HBV DNA in serum nor HBcAg in liver tissue was detected in any of the anti-HBe+ patients. HBsAg and/or HBcAg were detected in liver tissue in 17 of 18 HBsAg+ subjects (95%). However, neither HBsAg nor HBcAg were detected in liver tissue in 52 HBsAg- patients. This group included 11 patients with antibody markers in serum of past HBV infection. Thus, in contrast to previous studies, a good correlation was demonstrated between the serum and hepatic markers of viral replication, and no evidence was obtained to implicate the HBV as an etiological agent in HBsAg- chronic active hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are non-absorbable indicators of comparable value in the human stomach made abnormal by taurocholic acid?

1. The substances chromium-51 (51CrCl3) and phenolsulphonphthalein (phenol red; PR) were compared as non-absorbable indicators in the human stomach after alteration of ionic permeability by taurocholic acid. 2. Control and test solutions containing 10 mM taurocholic acid and indicators at pH 1 were instilled into the stomach and sampled immediately and after 15 min. The ratios of the initial and final concentrations of the indicators (Ci/Cf) were compared. 3. Correlation coefficients of the Ci/Cf ratios for the two indicators were 0 with 91 in control studies and 0 with 75 after taurocholic acid instillation; there was no significant difference between either indicator. During taurocholic acid instillation, Ci/Cf values tended to fall compared to controls. 4. In a smaller number of subjects in whom polyethylene glycol (PEG) was also measured as a non-absorbable indicator, results were similar to those obtained with 51Cr and PR. 5. 51Cr, PR and PEG are comparable indicators in the normal human stomach and when it is made abnormal by a lipid-soluble agent such as unionized taurocholic acid, though the correlation between indicators is reduced in the abnormal stomach. 6. No evidence of increased absorption of any indicator was found in spite of the increased ionic permeability produced by taurocholic acid.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serologic longitudinal follow-up of surgically treated patients for hydatidosis].

Beginning with the register of human hydatidosis cases, kept by hydatidosis struggle programs of Rio Negro Province, was done the serologic longitudinal follow-up in patients operated on in the period 1980-1987, in the influence area of Ingeniero Jacobacci, Rio Negro, Argentina. The local Supervision Program obtained blood samples of 36 patients during 1990 (59% of them were operated on in the considered period), five patients died corresponding the remaining to persons to whom did not live in Ingeniero Jacobacci or to whom were not possible to evaluate. The blood samples were studied by DD5, confirming the disease immunologically in 18 cases (50%). In this work are evaluated possible causes of reinfection: surgery technic, individual susceptibility, immunological factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-reported cognitive change during pregnancy.

Two groups of women were studied to elicit their perceptions of cognitive changes during pregnancy. In the first phase of the study, 236 primiparous women were surveyed using a structured questionnaire three to five days after delivering their baby. Sixty-four percent of women reported changes in cognition during pregnancy. More changes were reported by the women who were older, better educated, married or living as married, had private health insurance and had attended an obstetrician during pregnancy. Phase 2 was designed to survey and assess the content (type, range and salience) of the cognitive changes. Forty-eight multigravid and primigravid women and two postpartum women were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire; 82% reported experiencing cognitive changes during pregnancy and postpartum, including difficulty in concentration, absentmindedness and short-term memory loss. It is argued that while prior research has associated altered mental functioning during pregnancy with psychiatric disturbance, this is not a necessary relationship. Education about cognitive changes during pregnancy may assist women to understand a common experience and to develop effective coping strategies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗