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Biomedical subjects

C Papavasiliou

Publications and source records attributed to C Papavasiliou.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gd-DTPA as an intestinal contrast agent for MR imaging of the lower abdomen: phase III clinical trial.

Thirty-one patients were investigated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the lower abdomen before and after the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) solution per os or per rectum or from both routes for the opacification of the intestinal tract. The parameters evaluated were: (a) contrast medium distribution, (b) degree of filling of the bowel lumen, (c) contrast between the bowel lumen and the surrounding normal or pathological structures, and (d) whether the administration of the contrast agent improved the diagnostic ability of MR compared to computed tomography (CT) or plain MR of the same region. Gd-DTPA, at a concentration of 1 mmol/L, produced a positive signal irrespective of its dilution in the bowel and good contrast between the bowel lumen and the adjacent tissues or any possible pathological lesions. From the diagnostic point of view, after the administration of contrast medium, MR is comparable to CT and much superior to plain MR. It is concluded that opacification of the bowel with Gd-DTPA solution will improve the diagnostic yield of MR imaging of the lower abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Extracapsular (satellite) hydatid cysts.

Sixteen percent of hydatid cysts in the liver in 185 patients examined by computed tomography (CT) showed daughter cysts located exterior to the fibrinous membrane of the main hydatid cysts. We call these extracapsular or satellite cysts. Extracapsular cysts have the same appearance as endogenous daughter cysts. Preoperative demonstration of these cysts is useful for planning an appropriate surgical treatment and reduction of the recurrence rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Differential diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the liver with MR imaging.

In a retrospective study of 84 patients who underwent MRI examination of the liver the qualitative parameters margin, shape, internal structure, signal intensity and the presence of a capsule were evaluated in 152 lesions comprising 48 hemangiomas, 54 secondary deposits, 23 hepatomas, 8 simple cysts, 17 hydatid cysts, 1 abscess and 1 focal fatty infiltration. Our main objective was to differentiate hemangiomas from secondary deposits and hepatomas. In hemangiomas the combination of smooth margin (98%) round or oval shape (90%) homogeneity (96%) very high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequence (94%), and the complete absence of capsule helped to distinguish them from secondary deposits and hepatomas in the majority of cases. It is concluded that with MR imaging we can establish the diagnosis of focal lesions of the liver in about 95% of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Low back pain due to extramedullary hemopoiesis.

Two cases of extramedullary hemopoiesis in the lower spinal column are reported. One of them was due to thalassemia major and the other to thalassemia intermedia. CT and MRI studies showed paraspinal and presacral masses respectively which caused nerve root compression. It is concluded that the differential diagnosis of low back pain and radicular or pseudoradicular pain should include extramedullary hemopoiesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Reversible CT findings of the liver after radiotherapy.

We report the computed tomographic (CT) findings in a case of radiation therapy of the abdomen which affected the left lobe of the liver. The post-radiotherapy CT demonstrated a low density area involving the left lobe of the liver. One month later in a new CT this finding disappeared. We conclude that low density areas in the liver parenchyma following radiotherapy should be analysed with caution, especially when secondary deposits are considered in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

CT appearance of pulmonary hydatid disease.

The principal features of computed tomography in hydatid disease of the lungs were reviewed in ten patients with surgically verified hydatid disease of the lungs. On the basis of localization and multiplicity, hydatid cysts of the lungs can be classified in three distinct categories: single unilateral unilocular cysts with or without daughter cysts, unilateral multiple cysts with or without daughter cysts, and bilateral multiple cysts. Cystobronchial communication may lead to cavitary lesions, while infection of the cyst may alter the attenuation values and produce a solid appearance. On the basis of density and clinical symptoms, hydatid cysts of the lungs can be classified as simple cysts, complicated cysts, and ruptured cysts, including cystobronchial communication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Congenital A-V fistula of the breast.

A case of congenital A-V fistula in the breast of a young woman is presented. The chief complaint was murmur when lying down, especially in the prone position, a palpable lump and the presence of varicose-like veins in the breast. Arteriography revealed an A-V fistula in the left breast. The arterial supply originated from the ipsilateral internal mammary vein and superior thoracic artery and drainage was towards the axillary vein and, to a minor degree, towards the internal mammary vein. The lesion was corrected surgically. Six months later there was no evidence of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Control of haematuria with superselective embolization.

Fifteen patients with severe haematuria due to causes other than malignant disease were seen between 1981 and 1989. Arteriography was done in an attempt to treat these patients with superselective embolization. In 7 patients, the cause of bleeding was due to injuries of iatrogenic origin and of the remaining 8, 2 had been in a car accident, 2 had knife stabwounds, 3 angiomatous malformations and 1 tuberous sclerosis. Twelve of the 15 patients were treated successfully with superselective embolization with steel coils. We consider angiography followed by superselective embolization to be the method of choice for the diagnosis and treatment of haematuria due to renal injury or other benign conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study between ultrasound, computed tomography, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the differentiation of tumors of the liver.

Forty-one patients with liver tumor have been evaluated with ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to establish the accuracy of each technique. In group A (24 patients), in which all four imaging modalities were performed, our results show that MRI detected all hemangiomas (25/25) compared to 22/25, 21/25, and 20/25 with US, CT, and IA-DSA, respectively. No difference between the various methods was seen in the case of hepatoma. Finally, in the patients with metastases, all four techniques had the same sensitivity (100%) but the specificity of MRI was also 100%, compared to 33% for IA-DSA and 66% for US and CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Masses of myeloadipose tissue: radiological and clinical considerations.

The records of 30 patients presenting radiological evidence of masses of extramedullary myeloadipose (hemopoietic) tissue, 25 patients suffering from thalassemia, one from sickle-cell anemia, and one from myelofibrosis were studied. Three patients presented with primary myelolipomas. Most of the patients with thalassemia presented with masses of hemopoiesis in the costovertebral angle and five patients presented with spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best method for visualization and assessment of the extent of the masses in the thorax and spinal canal. Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for spinal cord compression. One patient with thalassemia and one patient with myelofibrosis presented with masses of extramedullary hemopoiesis in the adrenals. All five patients with masses of myeloadipose tissue in the adrenals were treated surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

CT and MRI of symptomatic spinal involvement by extramedullary haemopoiesis.

Five cases of tumour-like extramedullary haemopoiesis (EH) causing spinal cord compression or back pain are reported. Three patients were suffering from thalassaemia major, one from sickle cell anaemia and one from thalassaemia intermedia. CT findings included soft tissue masses in the epidural space of the spinal canal, spinal cord displacement and involvement of the underlying bone. MRI studies showed masses compressing the spinal cord. On T1-weighted images there was a signal of slightly higher intensity compared to that of the adjacent marrow. CT suggested the diagnosis in four cases (in the fifth it was not performed), while MRI was positive in all five. There was good correlation between the MRI findings and the CT appearance of the EH masses. Our results suggest that MRI may eliminate the need for other diagnostic examinations in the investigation of patients with EH.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Features of computed tomography in hydatid cysts of the urinary tract.

The features of computed tomography (CT) in 5 patients with hydatid disease of the urinary tract are described. The diagnosis of hydatid disease was based on the demonstration of unilocular or multilocular cysts with well defined walls which enhanced with contrast, which were often calcified and which contained daughter cysts within the large parent cyst. It is difficult to differentiate between a unilocular hydatid cyst without mural calcification and an infected simple renal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Magnetic resonance imaging of marrow heterotopia in haemoglobinopathy.

The MRI findings of masses of MH in three patients suffering from thalassaemia major, sickle-cell anaemia and thalassaemia intermedia, respectively, are presented. There was good correlation between the MRI findings and the conventional radiology or CT appearance of the masses. The masses produced a low intensity signal, similar to that of the adjacent marrow of the thoracic spine, while they were surrounded by a high-intensity signal rim attributed to a layer of fat surrounding the masses. The latter MRI finding is thought to be characteristic of MH masses.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of radiotherapy on symptoms due to heterotopic marrow in beta-thalassaemia.

8 thalassaemic patients with complications due to pressure by heterotopic marrow on the spinal cord, the vertebral column, or the airways were given radiotherapy. Small doses of radiotherapy (10 to 26 Gy) relieved symptoms in all of them. 3 of the patients were followed-up radiographically. In 2 the mass of heterotopic marrow regressed completely and in the other partially.

Adolescent↗