Congenital supraspinous fossae.
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Acromion↗
Biomedical subjects
C P Samlaska
Publications and source records attributed to C P Samlaska.
Protein C and protein S plasma levels in patients with lipodermatosclerosis and venous ulceration.
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Glycoproteins↗
Hello tricone; good-bye "dog-ear".
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Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
Superficial migratory thrombophlebitis and factor XII deficiency.
A patient with painful migratory erythematous nodules for 7 years is presented. The nodules, which were localized on the lower and upper extremities, progressed to palpable cords. Multiple venograms showed no evidence of deep vein thrombosis. Skin biopsy specimens were diagnostic of superficial thrombophlebitis. There was no evidence of internal malignancy. Extensive evaluation for an underlying hypercoagulable state was remarkable for a factor XII level 17% of normal. The patient was unresponsive to a wide range of treatments. The recalcitrant nature of his disease and lack of deep venous involvement are unique. An underlying hypercoagulable state should be considered when the diagnosis of superficial migratory thrombophlebitis is considered.
Adult↗
Superficial thrombophlebitis. I. Primary hypercoagulable states.
This review concentrates on those disorders in which superficial thrombophlebitis can be a significant or presenting clinical sign. Primary hypercoagulable states are those conditions associated with an increased risk of thrombosis caused by a specific measurable defect in the proteins of coagulation and/or fibrinolytic systems. These disorders are frequently inherited and include deficiencies of antithrombin III, heparin cofactor 2, protein C, protein S, abnormal fibrinolytic activity, dysfibrinogenemia, and Hageman trait. Patients with a lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody syndrome with thrombotic episodes are also considered to have a primary hypercoagulable state. The physiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of primary hypercoagulable states are reviewed.
Blood Coagulation↗
Superficial thrombophlebitis. II. Secondary hypercoagulable states.
Secondary hypercoagulable states are complex clinical conditions associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in which the exact pathophysiology is poorly understood. Secondary causes of superficial thrombophlebitis include malignancy, pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, infusion of prothrombin complex concentrates, Behçet's disease, Buerger's disease, Mondor's disease, infectious agents, conditions that promote venous stasis, intravenous catheters and intravenous drug use. Conditions that may stimulate superficial thrombophlebitis include dermatophyte cellulitis at saphenous phlebectomy sites, sarcoidal granulomas, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, and hyperalgesic pseudothrombophlebitis in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus. The distinguishing features, clinical evaluation, treatment, and histologic characteristics of the various disorders are reviewed.
Adult↗
Colony-stimulating factors.
Recombinant hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors have profound effects on developing and mature granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Use of these agents for treatment of disease may result in a variety of adverse cutaneous reactions. The recent discovery of colony-stimulating factor production by keratinocytes and dermal cells suggests that these agents may also be significant in cutaneous homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of cutaneous diseases.
Cell Differentiation↗
Disseminated Mycobacterium chelonae subspecies chelonae infection with cutaneous and osseous manifestations.
A 75-year-old man who had been receiving corticosteroids for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with nodulopustular skin lesions, bone pain, and constitutional symptoms. Evaluation revealed a disseminated infection with Mycobacterium chelonae subspecies chelonae, with cutaneous and osseous involvement documented by histopathologic studies and cultures. The bone involvement is a novel observation for this subspecies. The patient was successfully treated with a three-drug regimen of tobramycin sulfate, erythromycin stearate, and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. We present a discussion of the case in the context of the literature.
Aged↗
Cutaneous myiasis caused by the African tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga).
We describe a patient with cutaneous myiasis caused by the African tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga). This case demonstrates the need for a detailed travel history and an understanding of the fly life cycle to prevent erroneous diagnosis and to expedite prompt treatment. The nature of the lesions, larval morphological features, histological characteristics, and immune response directed toward fly maggots are described.
Abdomen↗
The ridgeback anomaly. A new follicular pattern of the scalp.
A patient with an anomaly of hair pattern development is described. Scalp hair follicles generally grow at a downward inclination to the scalp surface. Normal whorled patterns appear in the posteroparietal area. The patient described was noted to have a whorled hair pattern located over the right temporoparietal region, growing in a clockwise direction. The remainder of the scalp adopted the upward follicular growth pattern of the posterior portion of the whorl, directed toward the apical anatomic axis. A ridge of hair over the nape of the neck reversed direction, similar to hair growth on the Rhodesian Ridgeback dog, growing in a downward manner. The relationship of this new hair pattern to current theories of scalp hair pattern development is reviewed.
Animals↗
Scalp whorls.
Abnormally placed or absent scalp whorls have been associated with abnormal brain development. Defects of bony cranial development are not associated with such patterns. Single and double parietal whorls are examples of normal scalp patterns. Frontal patterns are variable, and scalp whorls associated with a cowlick can be seen at any location along the frontal hair line. A case of triple parietal scalp whorls and a case of a right temporal scalp whorl, both associated with normal development, are described. Current theories of hair whorl development, as well as normal and abnormal scalp whorl patterns, also are discussed.
Hair↗
Lafora's disease: what is the best site for skin biopsy?
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Adult↗
Proteus syndrome.
The term Proteus syndrome was coined in 1983 to describe a disorder of skeletal, hamartomatous, and other mesodermal malformations. The syndrome was named after the Greek god Proteus, whose name means "the Polymorphous." Clinical features of this new syndrome are currently being defined. Including the case reported herein, we have found 34 patients with Proteus syndrome described in the English literature. Major clinical findings, defined as those findings seen in more than half of the cases, include hemihypertrophy, macrodactyly, exostoses, epidermal nevi, characteristic cerebriform masses involving the plantar or palmar surfaces, a variety of subcutaneous masses, and scoliosis. Histologic examination of subcutaneous masses has identified a variety of lipomatous, hamartomatous, and angiomatous tumors.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis.
We recently examined a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis who presented clinically with fixed urticaria-like plaques. Histologic examination revealed a dense neutrophilic dermal infiltrate without associated vasculitis. On clinical and histologic grounds, this case differs from other noninfectious neutrophilic inflammatory disorders. We present a case of rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis and review the salient features of this unique disorder.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
Linoleic acid inhibition of naturally occurring lymphocytotoxicity to breast cancer-derived cells measured by a chromium-51 release assay.
Long-chain unsaturated free fatty acids have been shown to inhibit the immune responses of lymphocytes in vivo and in transformation and macrophage inhibition factor assays in vitro. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of linoleic acid on naturally occurring lymphocytotoxicity in a 51Cr release microcytotoxicity assay with the use of a human breast carcinoma cell line (AlAb) as source of the target cells. In the presence of increasing concentrations of linoleic acid, a linear decrease in lymphocytotoxicity was observed with complete inhibition at concentrations of 0.05-0.07 mg/ml. Concentrations of linoleic acid greater than 0.07 mg/ml resulted in nonspecific toxicity to target cells but not to lymphocytes as determined by trypan blue exclusion tests. When lymphocytes were pretreated with linoleic acid, washed, and then tested for cytotoxicity in the absence of linoleic acid, suppression of lymphocytotoxicity was still demonstrated. When leukocytes were depleted of macrophages, cytotoxicity in the absence of linoleic acid was enhanced 50-100%; complete inhibition of cytotoxicity was still observed at 0.05 mg linoleic acid/ml. When B- and T-cell populations were separated, each population showed typical decreases in lymphocytotoxicity in the presence of linoleic acid; however, the B-cell fraction (containing "null" cells) was two to three times more efficient at cell killing than was the T-cell fraction.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗