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Biomedical subjects

C P Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to C P Hansen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Glucose homeostasis after orthotopic liver transplantation in the pig.

Plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide were measured in seven pigs after intravenous bolus injection of 1 mg glucagon and injection of 15 g glucose on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 7th days after orthotopic liver transplantation. Fasting plasma glucose and the glycemic response to glucagon were lower at the first postoperative day than on any other day (P less than 0.05). Glucose clearance after injection of glucose was normal and without day-to-day variation. Plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations were higher the first day after glucose stimulation (P less than 0.05), but no impairment of insulin secretion was found during the study. We conclude that, apart from low hepatic glucose production on the first postoperative day, glucose homeostasis was sufficient after liver transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Lithium absorption by the rabbit gall-bladder.

Lithium (Li+) absorption across the low-resistance epithelium of the rabbit gall-bladder was studied in order to elucidate possible routes and mechanisms of Li+ transfer. Li+ at a concentration of 0.4 mM in both mucosal and serosal media did not affect isosmotic mucosa-to-serosa fluid absorption. At this low concentration net mucosa-to-serosa Li+ absorption was insignificant when the ambient Na+ concentration was 115 mM, although the gall-bladder had a significant Li+ permeability (2.7 X 10(-5) cm s-1) and a significant mucosa-to-serosa Li+ gradient developed as a result of fluid absorption. Net Li+ absorption was induced at reduced mucosal Na+ concentrations (by lowering the Na+ concentration down to 50 mM with or without substitution with sucrose, or by adding sucrose to the mucosal medium). This Li+ absorption occurred even in the absence of a mucosa-to-serosa Li+ gradient. Na+ and Li+ absorptions occurring at 50 mM Na+ were inhibited to the same degree by mucosal 1 mM amiloride. Substitution of 5-50 mM (44%) Na+ by Li+ in the external medium dose-dependently depressed Na+ absorption by up to 76%, while substitution by 50 mM choline had no significant effect. Li+ inhibition of Na+ absorption was elicited from the mucosal side and was not accounted for by compensatory Li+ absorption; water and Na+ absorption rates decreased nearly in parallel. The effects of 0.4 mM amiloride and of substitution with 20 mM Li+ were only partly additive. It is concluded that Li+ absorption in the rabbit gall-bladder cannot be explained by passive (paracellular) transport, but must be the result of transcellular, active transport. Both at low and at high concentrations Li+ may enter the cell via an Na+/H+ exchanger in the apical cell membrane. At high concentrations Li+ may inhibit Na+ absorption by interference with the exchange mechanism and/or via effects at the cytoplasmic level. The Li+ transfer mechanism across the basolateral cell membrane remains unknown.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1990

Phagocyte function after splenic autotransplantation.

This study was designed to examine the role of splenectomy and autotransplantation with regard to the leukocyte/differential cell counts and the function of peripheral blood phagocytes. Eleven groups of 40 Wistar male rats in each group either underwent total splenectomies or sham operations. The splenectomized groups underwent autotransplantations with 10% through 90% of the weight of the intact spleen. The leukocyte count and the oxidative burst response of the blood leukocytes were measured in each group. It was shown that a total splenectomy did not alter the leukocyte/differential cell counts. Furthermore, the blood picture remained basically unchanged after an autotransplantation with 10% through 90% of the weight of the intact spleen. The phagocyte oxidative burst response was measured by chemiluminescence. The chemiluminescence response of these cells was reduced after a total splenectomy. The phagocyte oxidative burst response returned to normal levels following an autotransplantation. There was no correlation between the amount of autotransplanted spleen and the degree of the oxidative burst response. These findings indicated that a splenectomy results in a diminished phagocyte oxidative burst response and that a spleen autotransplantation returns this function to normal levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Does survival depend on the amount of autotransplanted splenic tissue?

Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection was studied in 11 groups of rats allocated to sham operation, splenectomy, or splenic autotransplantation of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of the removed spleen. Three months later, all rats were exposed intravenously to type 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae (median lethal dose, LD50, for control group). Survivors were killed 13 days after the bacterial challenge. Autopsy showed that more splenic tissue was recovered in rats that received less than 50% splenic tissue compared with those that received 50% or more. More survivors were found among sham-operated rats (47.5%; 95% confidence intervals, 32 to 68) and rats that had 40% splenic tissue implanted (35%; confidence interval, 20 to 54) or those that were found to have regenerated 40% splenic tissue. We conclude that 40% of the spleen should be autotransplanted to protect the rat optimally against infection after splenectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Calcium dependence of BAY K 8644 effects on the rabbit gall-bladder.

In the present study, we characterized the effects of the calcium (Ca2+) channel activator BAY K 8644 on sodium (Na+) absorption and transepithelial potential difference (Pd) in the rabbit gall-bladder. In gall-bladders mounted in an Ussing chamber it was observed that serosal BAY K 8644 (10(-5) M) inhibited Na+ absorption in the presence, but not in the absence of serosal Ca2+. Serosal nifedipine (a Ca2+ channel antagonist) at 10(-5) M did not reverse the Na+ transport inhibition caused by BAY K 8644. Another effect of serosal BAY K 8644 (10(-5) M) was to induce oscillations in Pd. These Pd-oscillations had a frequency of about one per minute and an amplitude of 20-40 microV. The appearance of Pd-oscillations was dependent on the presence of Ca2+ in the serosal medium. The oscillations were abolished by 1-3 x 10(-5) M serosal nifedipine and by bilateral application of 3 mM barium (Ba2+) (a K+ channel blocker). In a sac preparation of the rabbit gall-bladder, spontaneous cyclic contractions of smooth muscle cells in the gall-bladder wall were observed as oscillations in the transmural pressure. These spontaneous contractions were not accompanied by oscillations in Pd. Serosal BAY K 8644 (10(-5) M) evoked oscillations in Pd in half of the sac preparations, but in each gall-bladder the frequencies of Pd-oscillations and pressure oscillations were different. Serosal nifedipine (2 x 10(-5) M) abolished both types of oscillation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1990

Pancreatic function in Crohn's disease.

We investigated exocrine pancreatic function in a population of patients with Crohn's disease in order to correlate the pancreatic function with clinical and laboratory variables. A total of 143 patients affected by Crohn's disease and 115 control subjects were studied. All had a Lundh meal test. As a group patients with Crohn's disease had significantly decreased activity of both amylase (p less than 0.02) and lipase (p less than 0.001) in duodenal aspirates. In patients with Crohn's disease enzyme activities were not correlated to duration of disease or to extent or localisation of previous bowel resection. The lowest enzyme values were found in patients with the most extensive bowel involvement, and they were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in patients with disease confined to the terminal ileum. The differences between enzyme values in other subgroups of patients were not significant. For the patient group as a whole no correlation was found between disease activity and enzyme values, but for the most uniform group of patients, those with terminal ileitis, pancreatic function was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) in patients with moderate and severe disease compared with patients with mild disease. Thus at least two factors seem to be responsible for impaired pancreatic function in Crohn's disease: firstly disease activity and secondly localisation or extent of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of neurotensin-like immunoreactivities in porcine and human gut.

The distribution of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity (NTLI) in porcine and human intestine was studied by extraction of mucosal and muscular layers of esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon. NTLI was quantitated and characterized by radioimmunoassays and gel filtration chromatography. Porcine tissue was obtained in anesthetized animals (n = 6) and human tissue during surgery (n = 28). Concentrations of NTLI increased gradually from the distal esophagus to the ileum. Highest concentrations were found in 2.0 M acetic acid extracts of proximal ileal mucosa (150 (131-223) and 525 (500-729) pmol/g wet tissue, respectively (medians and interquartile range]. After acid extraction, concentrations of intact NT and COOH-terminal and NH2-terminal NTLI were similar, but in water concentrations of NH2-terminal NTLI were high and intact NT and COOH-terminal NTLI low. The distribution of NTLI was similar in the two species. Gel chromatography of ileal, jejunal, and duodenal mucosa indicated that in these tissues NTLI consisted primarily of intact NT. In antral mucosa COOH-terminal immunoreactivity different from NT was detected. The chemical identity is unknown, but it may represent precursor forms of NT.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Primary hemangiopericytoma of the lung. Case report.

Hemangiopericytoma is a rare tumor, arising from pericytes. Its outcome is difficult to foretell, as the usual criteria for malignancy are unreliable in this neoplasm. Three cases of primary pulmonary hemangiopericytoma are presented and the pathologic and clinical aspects are briefly reviewed. All three patients were surgically treated, and two are still alive after 7 and 18 years without sign of recurrence or metastasis. The third patient, although still alive, has had three recurrences within 22 months and vertebral metastasis.

Female↗
PubMed1990

The effect of cimetidine on plasma lipoproteins.

The concentration of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I and -B were measured in the plasma of 12 patients with peptic ulcer disease before and after five weeks of treatment with cimetidine. No statistically significant changes were found, but HDL cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol tended to increase, and VLDL cholesterol and plasma triglycerides tended to decrease. A review of published studies indicates that the data at present are too uncertain to warrant use of cimetidine as a lipoprotein modulating drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gastrocolic fistula resulting from chronic pancreatitis.

Gastrocolic fistulas are rare, and are usually seen as complications of peptic ulcer or malignancy of the stomach and large intestine. We have described a case resulting from chronic relapsing pancreatitis. The patient was successfully treated with excision of the fistula and closure of the gastric and colonic wall.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

Bacteraemia following orotracheal intubation and oesophageal balloon dilatation.

Asymptomatic bacteraemia following balloon dilatation was assessed in 20 adults with oesophageal stricture. Asymptomatic bacteraemia occurred in 12 of 19 patients. The source of the bacteraemia appeared to be the patients' oropharyngeal flora. The bacteraemia was not of clinical importance in our patients, but might lead to endocarditis in predisposed individuals.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the kidney.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a primitive mesenchymal tumor which seldom occurs in the genitourinary organs. Despite radical operation, prognosis is generally poor and seems not to be improved by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We present a case of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the renal capsule. The tumor could be removed totally and no signs of metastases were found. Eight months later the patient was readmitted with recurrence of tumor and widespread metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Changes in plasma histamine during orthotopic liver transplantation in the pig.

Hypotension and cardiac arrhythmia are commonly seen during liver transplantation both in man and in experimental animals. The cardiovascular changes may be explained by release of vasoactive substances, e.g. histamine, into the systemic circulation. Abdominal operations are followed by an increased histamine concentration in portal blood. If the liver clears excess histamine from the splanchnic system, an increased histamine concentration should not be found in the systemic circulation. We measured plasma histamine in peripheral arterial blood, blood from the right atrium and portal blood in different phase of liver transplantation in ten pigs. Histamine concentration increased in the portal vein in the anhepatic phase (basal 15.85 pmol/ml to 34.67 pmol/ml, median, p less than 0.05) but no changes were found in arterial or right atrium samples. Venous and later arterial revascularisation were not followed by any changes in histamine concentration in arteria and right atrium samples. We conclude that the transplanted liver can eliminate splanchnic histamine and that histamine is unlikely to be involved in the cardiovascular changes which are seen after revascularisation of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Is the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen degraded in the liver? A study of type III procollagen peptide in serum during liver transplantation in pigs.

The aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen was monitored in serum during liver transplantation in nine pigs. The aim was to investigate whether removal of the liver causes any changes in the serum concentration of the propeptide. Another connective tissue component, hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan known to be degraded in the liver endothelial cells, was also measured. Removal of the liver caused a significant increase in the concentration of the intact propeptide as well as of hyaluronan. Gel filtration confirmed the increase in the amount of intact propeptide. However, another large propeptide-related antigen, eluted near the void volume, appeared in the antigen profile during the anhepatic phase. This peak probably represents the propeptide still attached to the collagen molecule (pN collagen). The findings indicate that the liver is involved in the degradation of the propeptide and of larger propeptide-holding proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Corelease of amidated and glycine-extended antral gastrins after a meal.

Glycine-extended gastrin, the immediate precursor of bioactive (i.e., carboxyamidated) gastrin, was recently identified in antral tissue and in peripheral blood. Studies on pituitary cell lines have shown that although only bioactive peptides are released along the regulated pathway, i.e., stored at high concentrations in secretory granules and released upon appropriate stimulation, the release of precursors is constitutive, i.e., secreted continuously without secretagogue stimulation. To determine whether the secretion of glycine-extended gastrin from the antral G-cell is regulated, meal-induced release was examined. In anesthetized pigs (n = 8) the antral veins were catheterized and blood was collected continuously before and after intragastric instillation of meat extract. Surgical biopsies of antral mucosa were obtained from six animals. Glycine-extended and amidated gastrins were measured and characterized by radioimmunoanalysis and chromatography. The results demonstrate that glycine-extended gastrin is released in a regulated manner from antral G-cells and furthermore the component pattern is identical in mucosa and blood.

Amines↗