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Biomedical subjects

C Orlandi

Publications and source records attributed to C Orlandi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Role of prolactin in pregnancy hypertension.

In 51 patients with pregnancy hypertension (H) and 51 normotensive gravid women (N), matched for age of gestation, plasma prolactin was measured at 8.30 am (PRL1) and 9.30 am (PRL2) in basal conditions and after 10 minutes of upright posture (PRL3). While in N there was a fall from PRL1 to PRL2 which was nonsignificant, in H there was a significant fall from PRL1 to PRL2. With upright posture there was a further decrease in prolactin in N and a significant increase in H. With multiple regression analysis, systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not show any independent relations with PRL1, PRL2 and PRL3, while serum proteins and proteinuria showed a significant relation with PRL1, as did serum proteins, serum potassium and serum urate with PRL2 and serum urate with PRL3. As has been suggested in primary hypertension, a certain increase in peripheral sympathetic tone, dependent on a decreased central dopaminergic activity, may be present in patients who develop pregnancy hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant controls and may be involved in the pathogenesis of pregnancy hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Monoclonal antibody to HSV2 protein as an immunodiagnostic marker in cervical cancer.

The present study was designed to evaluate the possible use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as diagnostic adjuncts to exfoliative cytology and tissue sections in intraepithelial (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer. Specimens were collected from 42 patients with various degrees of CIN, 15 patients with invasive cancer and two patients with condylomatous changes only. mAb H17, that recognizes a herpes simplex virus protein (ICP) representing a component of the viral ribonucleotide reductase, stained atypical exfoliated cells from 55% of patients with mild dysplasia and 100% of those with more severe lesions. The mean percentage of positive atypical cells increased as a function of the grading of CIN (32.6 +/- 6.3%, 63.5 +/- 2.7%, 67.9 +/- 8.1%, 81.4 +/- 10.1%, and 85.6 +/- 2.0% for mild, moderate, and marked dysplasia, CIS, and invasive cancer, respectively). Only a very small proportion of atypical cells from only two patients stained with a mAb to another herpes simplex virus protein (gA/B). Normal squamous, metaplastic, inflammatory, or koilocytotic cells did not stain with the mAbs. Of the 15 cases examined by cryostatic fresh sections with immunohistochemical techniques, only one case of invasive cancer did not stain with mAb anti-ICP, and all controls were negative. The high specificity and sensitivity of MAbH17 suggests that it may be a useful diagnostic/prognostic marker in CIN.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chronic beta 1-blockade and control of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of chronic beta-blocking therapy (atenolol 100 mg/d) on ECG and ECG indexes of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive patients. Seventy one subjects with essential hypertension (mean age 47 y) were studied for 5 years. Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria for ECGLVH (S wave in V1 plus R wave in V5 greater than or equal to 35 mm) were employed in: 38 treated patients with ECGLVH, 12 treated patients without ECGLVH and 21 untreated patients with ECGLVH. Beta-blocking therapy significantly reduced blood pressure (BP) in the treated patients. In the patients with ECGLVH, treatment significantly improved Sokolow-Lyon Index (SLI) reducing it from 55.04 +/- 16.2 mm to 47.6 +/- 15.04 mm (p less than 0.05) but only 11.4% of the treated patients returned within the normality range (SLI less than 35 mm). No significant change was present in the treated patients without ECGLVH. On the contrary, the group of untreated patients showed an increase in SLI from 45.19 +/- 7.08 mm to 50.52 +/- 11.09 mm (p less than 0.05) and no change in hypertension levels. We conclude, therefore, that: ineffective BP control allows progression of LVH; BP reduction by beta-blocking drugs reduces LVH but does not produce complete regression of the hypertrophy, if not in the early stages; if no LVH is present, BP control by these drugs prevents LVH. We emphasize the importance of early detection and treatment of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Specific increase in sensitivity to serotonin of the canine hindlimb collateral arterial tree via the 5-hydroxytryptamine-2 receptor.

Evidence that platelet activation contributes to ischemia associated with atherosclerosis led us to examine the response of the limb collateral arterial tree to a platelet product, serotonin. In 23 anesthetized dogs we measured arterial diameter (angiography) and blood flow (133Xe transit) before or 2 weeks after superficial femoral artery ligation (SFAL). In normal hindlimbs blood flow increased after 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and there was a modest but measurable, dose dependent narrowing of 1- to 2-mm vessels, the major stem vessels for collateral blood flow. After SFAL, identical segments of these vessels responded to serotonin more: the slope relating dose and response became steeper (P less than 0.001), the threshold dose fell significantly (P less than 0.001), and calf blood flow fell. The vasodilator response to acetylcholine was reduced sharply after SFAL, but was still demonstrable. The 5-HT-2 serotonin antagonist, ketanserin, reversed serotonin induced spasm in the region served by collaterals (P less than 0.025). Responses to norepinephrine were not potentiated. A 5-HT-2 receptor dependent sensitization of collateral arterial vessels, and blunting of the normal vasodilator response, mediates a paradoxical decrease in perfusion induced by 5-HT in regions served by the collaterals.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Serotonin and the renal blood supply: role of prostaglandins and the 5HT-2 receptor.

Serotonin (5HT) has been reported to increase, to decrease, or not to change renal blood flow. We postulated that prostaglandin release in response to 5HT acted as a confusing variable, and tested the hypothesis by comparing infusions of serotonin and angiotensin into one renal artery of 14 anesthetized dogs before and after indomethacin administration. Renal blood flow (Q, by EM flow-meter) responses to 5HT were routinely biphasic, an initial sharp decrease followed by a gradual increase which stabilized well above baseline at three to six minutes. Indomethacin, 1 to 2 mg/kg, did not alter the acute Q decrement induced by 5HT but abolished the increase in Q at three to six minutes (P less than 0.001). Instead, sustained vasoconstriction became apparent. Ketanserin reversed the sustained vasoconstrictor effect of 5HT in indomethacin-treated dogs, leading to striking, serotonin-induced vasodilatation. The latter vasodilatation in turn was inhibited by methysergide. Four independent elements, two promoting vasoconstriction and two vasodilatation, are suggested. One vasodilator response is abolished by prostaglandin synthetase inhibition and the other by methysergide, a complex 5HT receptor blocker. The sustained vasoconstrictor response is blocked by ketanserin, suggesting an action on the 5HT-2 receptor. The initial, transient vasoconstrictor response is resistant to the blockers employed. These complex interactions may account for the variability in reported responses of the renal blood supply to serotonin.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

Serotonin-induced visualization of the popliteal lymph node by angiography. A unique microvascular response to serotonin.

Regulation of the blood supply to lymph nodes is an important determinant of lymphocyte traffic but remains poorly understood. Infusion into the femoral artery of serotonin (5 HT), an agent that may produce either vasoconstriction or vasodilatation, induced striking arteriographic visualization of the popliteal lymph node in 19 of 20 dogs. Neither other vasodilator agents (acetylcholine, tolazoline, histamine, isoproterenol, sodium arachidonate, the prostaglandin analog CL115, 347) nor vasoconstrictor substances (norepinephrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, and ergonovine maleate) produced the same effect. The timing of appearance and disappearance of the contrast medium during 5HT infusion suggests that an increase in capillary blood flow secondary to arteriolar dilatation in the lymph node is responsible for the augmented visualization. 5HT-induced visualization of the popliteal lymph node was not modified by pretreatment with either the specific 5HT-2 antagonist ketanserin or the nonspecific antagonist methysergide. The specificity of action of 5HT and its availability for release from circulating and noncirculating cellular elements suggest that it may be important in the regulation of lymph node circulation, and thereby, lymphocyte traffic. This approach may provide another means to enhance the visualization of lymph nodes.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Intracellular localization and serological identification of a HSV-2 protein in cervical cancer.

Exfoliated atypical cells from US and Italian patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or invasive cancer stained in indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody to a high MW HSV-2 protein (ICP10). The proportion of staining cells increased as a function of the severity of the cervical anaplasia. In the majority of cases with mild or moderate dysplasia staining was restricted to the cytoplasm while atypical cells from 6 of 7 cases with marked dysplasia and 7 of 7 cases with invasive cancer evidenced also nuclear staining. Normal exfoliated cells did not stain even when obtained from tissue adjacent to the tumor mass. Patients with ICP10 positive atypical cells had antibody to ICP10 as determined by the Western blot assay. Serologic analyses indicated that there was a good correlation between: (i) the Western blot and the CF assay previously used to detect antibody to AG-4 (Aurelian, et al, Cancer, 48, 455, 1981) and (ii) cervical anaplasia and ICP10 seropositivity. A similar correlation with cervical anaplasia was not observed with respect to antibody to two other viral proteins (ICP12/14 and 68K).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[A case of torsade de pointes caused by hypomagnesemia].

The author reports a case of a patient who had serious arrhythmia of the kind Torsade de pointes with hypomagnesemia as the only a abnormal parameter. This confirms previous reports and propose again a ion often forgotten in medical practice.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1985

Time-related effects of chronic atenolol treatment on cardiovascular responses to handgrip.

To assess the influence of chronic atenolol therapy on the cardiovascular responses to isometric exercise, we evaluated the behavior of blood pressure, heart rate and double product in 75 hypertensive patients treated with atenolol 100 mg once daily for 6 months. During the 1st month of treatment, both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increases rose more than before treatment. SBP increase to handgrip became lower than before treatment on the 2nd months of therapy (p less than 0.05) and fell even more afterwards (p less than 0.01 on the 6th month). On the contrary, DBP increase subsequently steadied on levels not significantly different from those before treatment. Double product increase was inferior to that recorded before atenolol administration; the difference became significant after 2 months and reached its apex after 6 months of treatment. The conclusion was that chronic atenolol therapy affected some cardiovascular responses to handgrip although to a different extent depending on treatment length; it would seem sensible to pay attention to how long a patient has been on beta-blocker when evaluating the response to isometric exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Psychological distress and amniocentesis.

40 women who underwent amniocentesis were administered the Symptom Questionnaire to evaluate changes in psychological distress. Anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and hostility significantly decreased after the results of the procedure were communicated to the patient, replicating the findings in a previous study. Psychological distress, however, returned to the initial levels in the third trimester of pregnancy. Women whose only indication for amniocentesis was an age of 35 years or older displayed significantly higher hostility and somatic symptoms and less contentment before the procedure than the other women. Subsequently these differences lost their significance and the two groups showed similar patterns of psychological distress throughout the pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of chronic atenolol therapy on the cardiovascular response to handgrip in hypertensive patients.

Response to sustained (three-minute) handgrip at one-third maximum contraction was studied in 75 subjects with essential hypertension. The patients responded with an increase in heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and double product. Chronic atenolol therapy (100 mg/day in a single administration) decreased the values of these measurements at rest and during exercise. The treatment did not prevent or attenuate the rise in heart rate with grip, but it partially inhibited the pressor response to handgrip. Chronic atenolol therapy may reduce the risk of vascular disease by decreasing blood pressure and its response to isometric exercise. Additionally, chronic beta-adrenergic blockade with decreased heart rate, double product, and, most likely, myocardial oxygen consumption is probably a further cardioprotective factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Psychological reactions to amniocentesis: a controlled study.

Fifty women who underwent amniocentesis and a matched control group of pregnant women were administered the Symptom Questionnaire to evaluate changes in distress. Anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms had significantly decreased after the results of amniocentesis were communicated to the patient, but the decrease was similar in the normal control women. Hostility was higher in the amniocentesis group and decreased to normal levels after amniocentesis was performed, even before the results were communicated to the patient.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1981

The occurrence of multiple steroid hormone receptors in disease-free and neoplastic human ovary.

The cytoplasmic receptors for 17 beta-estradiol (ER), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (AR), progesterone (PR), and cortisol (GR) have been quantified in 36 specimens from the human ovary (13 disease-free, 5 benign, and 18 malignant) by a dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) technique. The occurrence of receptor-positive biopsies were: ER 46%, AR 85%, PR 54%, GR 92%, in normal tissue; ER 40%, AR 100%, PR 20%, GR 50%, in benign tumors; and ER 67%, AR 72%, PR 50%, GR 88%, in malignant lesions. Furthermore, the simultaneous occurrence of ER and PR in malignant tumors was 50% yet all four receptors were found to be present only in 44% of the cases. The findings reported here on the strong correlation existing between ER and PR presence or amount agree with previous observations on normal and neoplastic specimens from human breast and endometrial tissues.

Carcinoma↗