Vitrectomy via the pars plana--a new instrument system.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
C O'Malley
Publications and source records attributed to C O'Malley.
Benzodiazepines inhibit the rate of neutrophil apoptosis.
BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepines, which are commonly administered perioperatively, can depress immune function. Neutrophil apoptosis plays a central role in the regulation of inflammation. This is particularly important during and after surgery. AIM: To examine the effects of benzodiazepines (midazolam and diazepam) on neutrophil apoptosis. METHODS: Venous blood samples were withdrawn from patients scheduled to undergo elective surgery, (a) immediately prior to, and 10 minutes after administration of midazolam 0.2 mg/kg intravenously (n=11) and (b) immediately prior to, and 60 minutes after administration of diazepam 10 mg p.o. (n=10). Neutrophil apoptosis was measured by Annexin V-FITC after 1 and 12 hours in culture. RESULTS: The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly less after midazolam at 12% (11.9) hours in culture compared to pre-midazolam 29.7% (13.3) (p<0.05). After diazepam, the rates of neutrophil apoptosis were also significantly less after 12 hours in culture (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Administration of benzodiazepines in clinically relevant doses inhibits neutrophil apoptosis. In the perioperative period, this may influence the inflammatory response to surgery.
Adult↗
Preceptorship in practice.
Following a review of preceptorship practices within the children's services directorate of the Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, a working party was established to produce a directorate-wide preceptorship package. This article reviews the literature, provides a summary of the preceptorship guidelines, and critically analyses the process of implementing the programme.
England↗