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Biomedical subjects

C O'Brien

Publications and source records attributed to C O'Brien.

275 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparisons of rectal, femoral, axillary, and skin-to-mattress temperatures in stable neonates.

The purpose of this study was to compare four sites for temperature recording in the neonate: rectum, femoral, axilla, and skin-to-mattress. Simultaneous measurements were made at the four sites in 99 stable, term neonates. Temperatures were recorded each minute for 15 minutes. The optimal temperatures (highest temperature recorded minus 0.2 degrees F) did not vary across the four sites, but there were significant differences in the mean times required to achieve optimal temperature and in the optimal placement times (time required for 90% of the subjects to reach optimal temperature). The rectal site required significantly less time than the other sites (M = 2.66 minutes, optimal placement time = 5 minutes). The femoral and axillary sites required significantly more time than rectal and significantly less time than skin-to-mattress (M = 6 minutes, optimal placement time = 11 minutes). The skin-to-mattress site required significantly more time than the other sites (M = 8.5 minutes, optimal placement time = 13 minutes).

Axilla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes mellitus in an adult cystic fibrosis population.

Medical records of 132 patients attending an adult cystic fibrosis (CF) clinic were analysed to define the prevalence and clinical significance of diabetes mellitus (DM) in CF. Eighty four (63.6%) had normal blood glucose levels, 30 (22.8%) had hyperglycaemia only during intercurrent illness and 18 (13.6%) had DM. No significant differences were noted between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups for age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) and pancreatic supplementation. Patients with hyperglycaemia during intercurrent illness had significantly lower BMI, FEV1% and FVC% than those with normal blood glucose levels. Of the diabetics four were managed on diet, three received oral hypoglycaemic agents and eleven were insulin requiring. The prevalence of DM in CF is considerable, severity of CF does not correlate with development of overt DM, and CF patients should be screened for DM by an oral glucose tolerance test on reaching adulthood.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes mellitus in an adult cystic fibrosis population.

Medical records of 132 patients attending an adult cystic fibrosis (CF) clinic were analysed to define the prevalence and clinical significance of diabetes mellitus (DM) in CF. Eighty four (63.6%) had normal blood glucose levels, 30 (22.8%) had hyperglycaemia only during intercurrent illness and 18 (13.6%) had DM. No significant differences were noted between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups for age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) and pancreatic supplementation. Patients with hyperglycaemia during intercurrent illness had significantly lower BMI, FEV1% and FVC% than those with normal blood glucose levels. Of the diabetics four were managed on diet, three received oral hypoglycaemic agents and eleven were insulin requiring. The prevalence of DM in CF is considerable, severity of CF does not correlate with development of overt DM, and CF patients should be screened for DM by an oral glucose tolerance test on reaching adulthood.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Academic achievement and educational resource use of very low birth weight (VLBW) survivors.

Thirty-nine very low birth weight (VLBW) and 32 normal birth weight (NBW) elementary school children were studied prospectively to determine patterns of academic achievement and special education resource use during the elementary school years. Reading, spelling, and mathematical abilities were evaluated. Mean scores for the VLBW children were significantly lower on the mathematic subtests. VLBW study participants experienced more grade retention (43% vs. 23%) and required 2.8 times more special academic assistance than their NBW peers. Thus, providing special educational resources for VLBW children is essential.

Adolescent↗