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Biomedical subjects

C O Elson

Publications and source records attributed to C O Elson.

98 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Deficiency of the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

In this study we show that patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PCB) have a marked deficiency in the ability to generate an autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) but have a normal ability to generate an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). This deficiency is not due to differences in the time-course of the proliferative response or to an altered response to variable numbers of stimulator cells. The deficiency was consistently found irrespective of the methods used to isolate autologous stimulator cells. Both responder cells and stimulator cells obtained from patients with PBC were similar to normal cells in their ability to generate an MLR in allogeneic normal human serum. In addition, serum from patients with PBC inhibited the ability of normal lymphocytes to generate both the AMLR and MLR to a similar degree, suggesting that the defect of the AMLR in PBC is not due to a serum factor. It has been shown that the responder cell population in the AMLR contains a subpopulation of cells that mediate suppression. Therefore, it is possible that the deficiency of the AMLR may be related to previously described abnormalities of suppressor function in patients with PBC.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

T-cell regulation of murine IgA synthesis.

In studies reported here, the polyclonal activator lipopolysaccharide was used to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of IgM, IgA, and IgG in cultures of mouse lymphoid cells. The total immunoglobulin of each class which resulted was measured by specific double-antibody radioimmunoassays. The effect of Con A-activated T cells from various tissues on such immunoglobulin synthesis was then assessed. Variations in regulatory T-cell activity among the various lymphoid tissues for IgA but not for IgM or IgG was observed. In particular, Peyer's patches T cells were found to contain a high level of IgA T-cell helper activity compared to that of spleen or peripheral lymph node. The independent variation of T-cell regulatory activity for IgA as compared to that for IgM and IgG among the different tissues is most consistent with there being a separate subset of T cells specifically regulating IgA. The significance of these findings for the understanding of the secretory immune system is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Liver failure with steatonecrosis after jejunoileal bypass: recovery with parenteral nutriton and reanastomosis.

Two women, aged 41 and 51 years, developed jaundice, encephalopathy, and hypoprothrombinemia during rapid weight loss four and 12 months after jejunoileal bypass for refractory obesity. Both were treated for liver failure and received a prolonged course of nutrition parenterally and orally. Serial liver biopsy specimens demonstrated extensive alcoholic-like hepatitis and cirrhosis that improved with nutritional repletion and reanastomosis. Postoperative biopsy specimens later demonstrated minimal portal fibrosis in one patient and inactive mild cirrhosis in the other. Although previous reports indicate that patients usually die when they develop liver failure of this severity after jejunoileal bypass, prolonged intensive nutritional repletion was associated with sufficient clinical and histologic improvement in these two patients so that intestinal reanastomosis could be performed safely.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Leukocytic endogenous mediator in Crohn's disease.

Reduced concentrations of plasma zinc associated with elevated levels of serum leukocytic endogenous mediator activity were found in 17 patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. Neither the decrease in plasma zinc nor the increase in leukocytic endogenous activator activity in nine outpatients with quiescent disease was significant. Leukocytic endogenous mediator activity may be increased in inflammatory conditions as well as in microbial infections. Although zinc deficiency may be common in patients with Crohn's disease, exclusive reliance on circulating zinc levels to assess zinc nutriture in active Crohn's disease may be misleading.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Small intestinal injury in the graft versus host reaction: an innocent bystander phenomenon.

Marked morphological and functional damage to the small intestine occurs during the graft versus host reaction (GVHR); the structural lesion is characterized by crypt hypertrophy and villus shortening. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the intestine is injured in the GVHR as an antigenic target of the grafted immunocompetent cells or as an innocent bystander to donor-host lymphoid interaction. Implants of fetal mouse small intestine from either C57BL/6 or (C57BL/L X DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) hybrid donors were placed under the kidney capsule of adult BDF1 male mice. After 4 weeks, both groups were injected with parental C57BL/6 spleen cells, syngeneic BDF1 spleen cells, or no cells. Two weeks after injection the mice were killed and the implants were removed for histological processing and measurement of villus height and crypt depth. The villus-crypt ratio in the BDF1 implants of mice receiving C57BL/6 cells was 1.32 +/- 0.3 compared to 2.51 +/- 0.4 in controls receiving either syngeneic BDF1 cells or no cells (P less than 0.001). The villus-crypt ratio in the C57BL/6 implants of mice receiving C57BL/6 cells was 1.79 +/- 0.4 compared to 2.48 +/- 0.4 in the controls receiving either syngeneic BDF1 cells or no cells (P less than 0.001). Because the latter implant is antigenically identical to the spleen cells eliciting the GVHR, we conclude that the small bowel is injured in the GVHR as an innocent bystander to cytotoxic donor-host lymphoid interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Polymicrobial sepsis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Cholangitis with polymicrobial sepsis followed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a patient without biliary tract obstruction. Inadequately disinfected endoscopy equipment was strongly implicated as the source of infection. Results with a new method of disinfection using gluteraldehyde are given.

Cholangiography↗