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Biomedical subjects

C Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to C Nielsen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Blood oxygen parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An evaluation of measured and calculated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations.

48 simultaneous arterial and venous blood samples from 15 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were evaluated for calculated p50 and measured and calculated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) concentration. 23 samples (48%) demonstrated a leftward shift in the calculated in vivo p50, whereas both measured and calculated DPG showed 5% below and 28% above reference range. Measured DPG was significantly higher than calculated DPG in the leftshifted group, whereas there was no significant difference in the non-leftshifted group. Mean arterial pH was alkalotic in the leftshifted group and significantly higher than mean pH in the non-leftshifted group. It is concluded that DPG concentration cannot be calculated by the algorithm in patients with COPD and a leftward shift in the oxygen dissociation curve.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1989

Isolation of HIV using T-lymphocyte 'panning': methodological aspects.

A technique for isolation of HIV using selective cultures of T4 cells obtained from peripheral blood by immunochemical separation was developed and optimized. Using this method infectious virus could be isolated in single isolation attempts from 89% of 35 HIV-infected patients in different stages of immunodeficiency. This isolation frequency was virtually independent of the stage of the disease, in contrast to the results obtained by the conventional isolation technique based on peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC). It is concluded that isolation of HIV from selected T4 cells is superior to other methods when isolation is attempted from healthy HIV-infected individuals.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Correlation between carbohydrate structures on the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and syncytium inhibition with lectins.

The binding of 13 different lectins to gp120 partially purified from two HIV-1 isolates and one HIV-2 isolate was studied by in situ staining on electrophoretically separated and electroblotted HIV antigens. The lectins concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin, Lens culinaris agglutinin, Vicia faba agglutinin, Pisum sativum agglutinin and phytohaem(erythro)agglutinin bound to gp120 of all three isolates. The carbohydrate of gp120 recognized by lectins was thus arranged in at least four types of glycans: a high mannose type glycan, a bisected hybrid or complex type glycan, a biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan and a triantennary bisected complex type glycan. Only lectins which bound at least one of the four types of glycans were capable of inhibiting fusion of HIV-infected cells with CD4 cells by a carbohydrate-specific interaction with the HIV-infected cells. Thus, several different glycan structures may be implicated in CD4-gp120 binding.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1989

Zidovudine treatment of AIDS and ARC in Denmark 1987.

In 1987, a total of 138 Danish patients (94 AIDS and 44 ARC) received treatment with zidovudine, a total observation period of 572 treatment months. 15 AIDS and 1 ARC patient died after a median of 70 days (range 2-295). In the ARC group 4 patients developed AIDS (3 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 1 Kaposi's sarcoma). Among the AIDS patients 38 new opportunistic infections were reported. 24 of these opportunistic infections occurred within 6 weeks after treatment initiation. 79 patients were observed for more than 3 months, 25 of these had their daily dose zidovudine reduced, usually from 1,200 mg to 600 mg, 9 others were temporarily off drug. HIV antigen was analyzed in serum samples from 93 patients. Of these, 28 (52%) of 54 initially HIV antigen-positive became antigen-negative, 7 (18%) of 39 initially HIV antigen-negative became antigen-positive within the first 8 weeks of zidovudine treatment. In 57 patients the total count of CD4+ cells were evaluated. A significant increase in the number of CD4+ cells was observed during treatment. In nearly all patients an increase in MCV and a decrease in neutrophil count was observed. 44 of the patients received a total of 307 blood transfusions on 94 occasions and 19 (14%) patients required multiple transfusions. The mortality among the AIDS patients was significantly lower compared to historical controls. In our experience zidovudine treatment is reasonably well tolerated and the side effects are manageable.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1989

Marketing the dental hygiene program. A public relations approach.

Since 1980 there has been a decline in dental hygiene enrollment and graduates. Marketing dental hygiene programs, a recognized component of organizational survival, is necessary to meet societal demands for dental hygiene care now and in the future. The purpose of this article is to examine theories on the marketing of education and to describe a systematic approach to marketing dental hygiene education. Upon examination of these theories, the importance of analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation/control of a marketing program is found to be essential. Application of the four p's of marketing--product/service, price, place, and promotion--is necessary to achieve marketing's goals and objectives and ultimately the program's mission and goals. Moreover, projecting a quality image of the dental hygiene program and the profession of dental hygiene must be included in the overall marketing plan. Results of an effective marketing plan should increase the number of quality students graduating from the dental hygiene program, ultimately contributing to the quality of oral health care in the community.

Dental Hygienists↗
PubMed1988

Screened precession method for area detectors.

A method is presented in which the features of a Buerger-type mechanical precession camera can be simulated using an electronic area detector and a three-circle automated goniostat. The resulting display as viewed on a video monitor is very much like a conventional precession photograph. The detector is stationary which causes a distortion that is negligible for precession angles less than 10 degrees. The virtue of this new method is that a precession image may be collected very fast and the intensities of the reflections when displayed are already digitized. The usefulness of these features is presented through two familiar tasks: the determination of a new protein crystal space group and the evaluation of a heavy-atom derivative.

Anthranilate Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1988

Relationship of pertussis immunization to the onset of neurologic disorders: a retrospective epidemiologic study.

A retrospective epidemiologic study examining the relationship of the time of onset of neurologic disorders with the time of pertussis immunization in two cohorts of children who received pertussis immunization at different ages is reported. Before April 1970, children in Denmark were vaccinated with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids with pertussis vaccine at 5, 6, 7, and 15 months of age. Since 1970, children were given monovalent pertussis vaccine at 5 and 9 weeks and at 10 months of age. A total of 554 cases of epilepsy with onset between 28 days and 24 months of age were reviewed, 286 from the 1967-1968 period and 268 from the 1972-1973 period. There was no relationship between the age of onset of epilepsy and the scheduled age of administration of pertussis vaccine. A total of 2199 children with febrile seizures were reviewed, 830 from the 1967-1968 period and 1369 from the 1972-1973 period. There was a statistical association between first febrile seizures and the scheduled age of administration of pertussis vaccine (p = 0.004). No relationship between pertussis immunization and the occurrence of central nervous system infections was noted.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Sensitivity and specificity of somatosensory and neurogenic-motor evoked potentials in animals and humans.

The purpose of this study was to report the effects of spinal cord compression, ischemia, and distraction on clinical status, and somatosensory (SEP) and neurogenic-motor evoked potentials (NMEPs) in animals. The authors also reported their clinical experience with NMEPs elicited from humans undergoing surgery for spinal deformities. Results from the animal studies indicate that NMEPs are more sensitive and specific to the effects from spinal cord compression, ischemia, and distraction than SEPs. In every situation, NMEPs always correlated with the animal's post-surgical clinical status, while SEPs demonstrated an unacceptable false positive and false negative rate. In the 111 clinical cases in which NMEPs were administered, reliable NMEPs were easily elicited in more than 90% of the cases. In the remaining cases, no reliable NMEPs could be recorded because of procedural errors, which have been resolved. The results from this study suggest that the use of NMEPs should be considered as an adjunct to SEPs when monitoring spinal cord function during surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Relationship of pertussis immunization to the onset of epilepsy, febrile convulsions and central nervous system infections: a retrospective epidemiologic study.

A change in the pertussis immunization schedule in Denmark allowed a retrospective study examining the relationship of the time of onset of selected neurologic disorders with the time of pertussis immunization in two core cohorts of children. Records of 2,199 children with febrile seizures were reviewed and a significant association between first febrile seizures and the scheduled age of pertussis immunization was noted (p = 0.004). The occurrence of epilepsy and CNS infections did not appear to be related to the time of pertussis immunization.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Computer analysis of two-dimensional gels: semi-automatic matching.

We describe a computer program system for finding, quantitating, and matching the protein spots resolved on a two-dimensional electropherogram. The programs that locate and quantitate the incorporation of radioactivity into individual spots are totally automatic, as are the programs for matching protein spots between two exposures of the same gel. A semi-automatic method is used to match protein spots between different gels. This procedure is quite fast with the use of a computer-graphic display, which is also helpful in the editing process. A data base is set up and programs have been written to correlate matched protein spots from multi-gel experiments and to efficiently plot out quantitative data from sequences of equivalent spots from many gels or even many multi-gel experiments. The practical use of this system is discussed.

Animals↗