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Biomedical subjects

C Nicolini

Publications and source records attributed to C Nicolini.

113 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

IMAGO: a complete system for acquisition, processing, two/three-dimensional and temporal display of microscopic bio-images.

This work describes IMAGO, an integrated bio-imaging system developed in our laboratory. The whole system consists of a personal computer, a commercially available frame grabber directly plugged into a personal computer, video input/output modules, specific hardware for z-axis movement and light shuttering, and a software package. IMAGO is user-friendly, menu driven and enables one to perform image acquisition with different methods: optical sectioning, flashing epifluorescence, transmitted and phase contrast microscopy. It makes various functions possible, including: image transfer, gray scale processing, conventional and advanced filtering, logical operations, look-up table management, three-dimensional (3D) editing, 3D representation and auto-correlation techniques. More than 100 image processing functions have been implemented and can be easily managed through IMAGO. Examples are given in the area of biophysical research, like 3D representation of nuclei and of electron microscopic images, in situ microscopy of living cells. IMAGO processes information in an x, y, z, t space.

Image Processing, Computer-Assisted↗

Artificial intelligence techniques for cancer treatment planning.

An artificial intelligence system, NEWCHEM, for the development of new oncology therapies is described. This system takes into account the most recent advances in molecular and cellular biology and in cell-drug interaction, and aims to guide experimentation in the design of new optimal protocols. Further work is being carried out, aimed to embody in the system all the basic knowledge of biology, physiopathology and pharmacology, to reason qualitatively from first principles so as to be able to suggest cancer therapies.

Animals↗

Chromatin structure: from nuclei to genes (review).

Characterization of native nuclei by new unharmful biophysical methods, coupled both with the determination of lower order structures in DNA and isolated chromatin, by a variety of sophisticated physicochemical probes and with the intranuclear DNA distribution monitored in situ by high resolution image analysis, recently, point to a unique organization of chromatin-DNA from the secondary up to the quinternary level. Based on the wide range of experimental findings, hereby reviewed in details, a three-dimensional model for DNA structure is proposed from the nuclear level down to the genes, functional units hereby associated with specific structural repeating units. This "fibrosome" model not only accounts for many of the independent observations on the physical and chemical properties of chromatin-DNA, and on the nuclear scaffold and pores, but also accounts for most recent, yet unexplained, discoveries on eukaryotic gene structure, mapping and coding, suggesting a mechanism by which gene expression and cell function may be controlled.

Animals↗