Biomedical subjects

C N Corder

Publications and source records attributed to C N Corder.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of probucol therapy on plasma fatty acid composition during postprandial lipemia in hypertriglyceridemia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of probucol (PR) on fatty acid composition of plasma lipids in patients with hypertriglyceridemia during the fasting and postprandial states. DESIGN: Open-label, single-center, 6-week treatment, baseline-controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinical research center. PATIENTS: Six patients with established hypertriglyceridemia and no complicating medical conditions. INTERVENTION: Step 1 American Heart Association diet and no lipid-lowering medications for at least 4 weeks. Lead to a baseline standarized meal ingestion with postprandial blood samplings. After 6 weeks of treatment with 500-mg of PR twice daily and diet, the meal tests were repeated. MEASUREMENTS: The clinical status, 3-day food records, postprandial blood samplings (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours) for lipid and fatty acids in whole plasma, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), and cholesteryl ester (CE) fractions. RESULTS: PR had the following effects: (1) In plasma, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, and ApoB were decreased postprandially. ApoC111 ratio (heparin-treated plasma versus precipitate) was decreased in the fasting state. (2) The saturated/unsaturated (S/U) fatty acid ratios in the PL, TG, and CE fractions were elevated postprandially and increased in CE in the fasting state. In the PL fraction it was due to an increase in the percentage of myristic, palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids and a decrease in linolenic, eicosatrienoic, and arachidonic acids. In the TG and CE fractions the changes were not due to any particular patterns of fatty acids. The ratio of arachidonic/eicosatrienoic acid was decreased postprandially in PL and CE fractions. The ratio of eicosatrienoic/linoleic acid was decreased in PL and increased in CE fractions. (3) The S/U ratio in the lipoprotein (Lp) B and LP(a) lipid components decreased in PL and CE. Lp(a) was more saturated with respect to fatty acids than LpB. CONCLUSION: PR treatment for 6 weeks increased postprandial S/U fatty acid ratios. This was due to a combination of an increase in saturated and monounsaturated levels and a decrease in polyunsaturated levels. The effect was most notable in the PL fraction. In those systems dependent on the pattern of fatty acids, the fatty acid compositional change could modify biological responses in clinically important ways during lipid-lowering therapy. The change toward saturation of fatty acids in the postprandial state may contribute to the antioxidant properties of probucol.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of pravastatin and cholestyramine on circulating levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D metabolites.

The subjects were 40 hypercholesterolemic patients (mean age, 58 years) receiving a low-fat diet and randomly assigned to treatment with placebo for eight weeks or 40 or 80 mg of pravastatin, 24 gm of cholestyramine, or 40 mg of pravastatin plus 24 gm of cholestyramine daily for 24 weeks. After eight weeks of active treatment, levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reduced and the decline was maintained for the remaining 16 weeks. Parathyroid hormone levels and levels of the vitamin D metabolites 1,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D3 did not change during treatment. The results indicate that 24 weeks of treatment with pravastatin and cholestyramine does not affect calcium metabolism.

Calcifediol↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vanadium levels in human kidney at autopsy.

Human kidneys, 24, taken at autopsy were assayed for vanadium by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Levels found were as follows: cortex, 1.31; Cortex-medulla, 1.27; and medulla, 1.97 mumoles per kg wet tissue. These values were not related to age or sex. However, kidneys in which the cause of death was related to pulmonary pathology had significantly higher levels of vanadium.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of sodium orthovanadate, noradrenaline and angiotensin II on isolated perfused rat kidney glomerular-tuft diameter.

The effects of sodium orthovanadate, angiotensin II (A II) and noradrenaline (NA) were studied on the isolated perfused rat kidney (IPRK) and on the diameter of the glomerular capsule and tuft. Vanadate (4.5 microM), A II (20 nM) and NA (17.3 microM) increased the total resistance of the IPRK. There was a simultaneous increase in glomerular filtration rate with vanadate and A II, but a decrease with NA. The glomerular tuft/capsule diameter ratio decreased significantly from 0.85 (control) to 0.81, 0.81 and 0.78 for vanadate, A II, and NE treated kidneys, respectively. The decrease in ratio was associated with an increase in diameter of the glomerular capsule for A II and NE. This finding accompanied with simultaneous rise in TPR and GFR in the case of vanadate and A II, indicates that the post capillary efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction is a component in the mechanism of action with A II and vanadate. Evidence for such a component is less clear for NA because GFR decreases and TPR increases. Vanadate may affect both with a predominance on the efferent arteriole. The data indicate that histological measurements of glomerular size lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms of vasoactive drugs acting on the kidney.

Angiotensin II↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Oral torsemide in patients with chronic congestive heart failure: effects on body weight, edema, and electrolyte excretion. Torsemide Investigators Group.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of torsemide on the primary end point of change in body weight from baseline, and the following secondary end points: urinary sodium, potassium, and chloride excretion, and urine volume after the first dose of drug. DESIGN: Randomized, parallel, double-blind, multicenter study in patients treated with torsemide 5 mg (n = 19), 10 mg (n = 18), or 20 mg (n = 14), or placebo (n = 15) for 7 days. PATIENTS: Sixty-six patients with New York Heart Association class II or III congestive heart failure and edema. RESULTS: At the end of the study, patients treated with torsemide 10 and 20 mg demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight compared with those receiving placebo (-1.62 and -1.30 kg, respectively), and those treated with torsemide 5 mg did not (-0.60 kg). The severity of edema decreased with increasing torsemide dose. Torsemide caused no greater frequency of adverse effects with increasing dose. CONCLUSION: Orally administered torsemide 5, 10, and 20 mg once/day for 7 days were well tolerated. Doses of 10 and 20 mg were effective in producing weight loss.

Administration, Oral↗