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C Muller

Publications and source records attributed to C Muller.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The secretion of two sperm maturation-related glycoproteins in BALB/c mouse epididymis.

A well-developed Golgi apparatus and rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the principal cells of the mouse epididymis indicate active protein synthesis. Studies have shown that epididymal secretions are essential for sperm maturation. In a previous study, two wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA)-binding glycoproteins, GP-49 and GP-83, were identified on the surface of mature mouse sperm. In this study, synthesis and secretion of these two glycoproteins were investigated. Apparent WGA-binding was found on the stereocilia and in the apical region of principal cells in the corpus and cauda of epididymis. Post-fixation and pre-embedding cytochemical localization revealed that WGA-binding sites were situated in the Golgi apparatus, multivesicular bodies and stereocilia of principal cells. GP-49 and GP-83 were identified in the Nonidet P-40 homogenates of corpus and cauda epididymidis. In the epididymides of which ductuli efferentes had been ligated for more than 4 weeks, no sperm were found in the lumina of epididymal tubules. WGA-binding sites were present in the corpus and cauda; GP-49 and GP-83 were identified in tissue homogenates of the corpus and cauda as well. These findings suggest that GP-49 and GP-83 of mature sperm may be secreted by the principal cells of the corpus and cauda. These two molecules apparently conjugate to sperm whilst sperm transit through the epididymis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Clinical implications of screening for cervical cancer under Medicare. The natural history of cervical cancer in the elderly: what do we know? What do we need to know?

Despite the recent passage of coverage for Papanicolaou test screening under Medicare, several aspects of the natural history of cervical cancer in the elderly remain uncertain. This article reviews what we know about cervical cancer in elderly women to provide clinicians with the background necessary for assessments of screening recommendations, integration of new data into practice, and development of consensus approaches to screening in the elderly. Two central questions that affect a screening program for the elderly are how long the neoplastic process takes from preinvasive disease to the development of invasive cancer, and how likely is it that a given neoplastic state observed in an elderly woman will, in fact, progress to a more severe state. The ultimate success of the new Medicare benefit will also be affected by the use of Papanicolaou testing, the technique of obtaining the smear, and the adequacy of reporting and follow-up. The expansion of Medicare benefits to include early cervical cancer detection has the potential to improve the quality and the duration of older women's lives.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Identification of two maturation-related, wheat-germ-lectin-binding proteins on the surface of mouse sperm.

Epididymal maturation is essential for mammalian sperm to develop fertility. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a lectin which specifically recognizes N-acetyl-glucosamine and sialic acid, was used to investigate membrane characteristics of epididymal sperm in the mouse. Histochemical and cytochemical localization revealed that WGA-binding sites were increased as sperm became mature. The binding sites were mainly localized in the plasma membrane of the anterior acrosome and tails. On Western blots of NP-40 extracts, two WGA-binding glycoproteins, GP-49 and GP-83, were identified on the sperm recovered from both corpus and cauda epididymidis. GP-83 was removed from the sperm surface by centrifugation and resuspension in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) three times. GP-49 was resistant to centrifuging at 400 g for 5 min up to seven times and the treatment with 1M NaCl in PBS. These observations suggest that GP-49 is very likely an intrinsic membrane protein of the sperm, whereas GP-83 is an extrinsic protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Objective health care technology evaluation--it isn't easy.

Although creation of sophisticated technologies in health care has been one of the most significant social developments of the last decades, evaluation of the health effects is essential to avoid misallocation of resources. Evaluation today depends on various scientific tools: epidemiologic methods provide benchmarks for measuring efficacy; biomedical models define subgroups for whom an intervention is worthwhile. Standardized rules for the conduct of clinical trials and statistical analysis help assure replicability and strive for objectivity. An economic bottom line assesses cost effectiveness in terms of life years saved or improved quality of life. Subjective biases that come from the socioeconomic context in which assessments are embedded should be recognized and defused.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Popliteal vascular trauma: therapeutic management].

The functional severity of popliteal artery injury is intimately related to the direct consequences of tissue ischaemia increased by the associated traumatic attrition. The conservation of a functional limb requires: limitation of the duration and repercussions of ischaemia, by the use of a rigorous therapeutic protocol; "functional" surgical or even microsurgical reconstruction whose limits are still confused with the degree of traumatic myolysis and the potential of nervous recovery. Therefore, it seems obvious that the major difficulty lies in the definition of the limits for limb preservation.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

[Early results of transversalis-plasty. A prospective randomized comparison of non-resorbable and resorbable sutures].

In a prospective randomized trial we analyzed the perioperative management, complications, and the recurrence rate of inguinal hernia repair using either resorbable (polydioxanone, PDS) or non-absorbable (polyamide, Ethilon) suture material. From January 1988 to June 1989, 484 consecutive transversalis fascia repairs were performed in 425 adult patients with inguinal or femoral hernia. Local anaesthesia was used in 273 cases. At least one year postoperatively, 390 patients with 445 repairs had a clinical follow-up. The recurrence rate after 360 primary herniae was 3.3% (Ethilon 2.3%, PDS 4.3%) while 5.9% rerecurrences were found following operation for recurrent hernia (Ethilon 2.5%, PDS 8.9%). The differences in the recurrence rates following the use of polyamide or polydioxanone were not statistically significant. Complications occurred in 5.2%. The postoperative hospital stay averaged 3.8 days and work was resumed after a mean of 3.9 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[In situ bypasses in limb salvage. Late results and patency factors].

One hundred limbs with critical ischemia (stages III and IV) were saved from 1983 to 1987 by in situ venous bypass at the lower femoropopliteal or femorotibial level. The average age of the patients was 66 (40-89) years. The surgical indication involved 51 cases of stage III ischemia and 49 of stage IV. The etiology of the ischemia was occlusive chronic arteritis (n = 67), diabetic arteritis (n = 20), embolic disease (n = 10) and aneurysmal disease (n = 3). The systolic pressure index in the ankle recovered an average value of 0.42 preoperatively. In 48 cases, the distal implantation of the graft was on the lower popliteal artery, and on the arteries of the leg in 52 cases. During the immediate postoperative period, 8 patients died and 13 underwent amputation. At 5 years, the limb salvage rate was 72%. The primary patency at 5 years, calculated with the actuarial method, was 51% and the secondary patency at 5 years was 62%. Among the factors likely to significantly influence patency, only the site of the lower anastomosis and the quality of the III and IV segments of the popliteal artery were selected (p less than 0.05), while the number of patent vessels in the leg and the clinical stage did not influence patency.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the reagent strip method to detect urinary tract infections. In hospital patients].

Asymptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent in hospital patients. Two prospective studies were carried out to evaluate the reagent strip method used to detect these infections. The diagnosis of UTI rested on cytobacteriological examination of urine. Detection by reagent strip was performed either in the microbiology laboratory (study 1:976 samples) or at the patient's bedside and in the laboratory (Study 2:312 samples). The strips were examined visually and by an automated device. There was no significant difference between the results obtained with these two reading methods. Study 1 showed that the reagent strip is more useful to exclude the diagnosis of UTI by using the leucocyte zone alone or combined with the nitrite zone (negative predictive value 98 percent) than to assert this diagnosis. Study 2 showed that the nitrite zone was less sensitive when it was examined at the laboratory than at the patient's bedside. Analysis of discordances between reagent strip and cytobacteriology in the light of data supplied by the patient's medical records made it possible to improve the negative predictive value of the tests. (100 percent). Thus, 60 percent of cytobacteriological examinations might be avoided if this type of examination was performed only in urine with positive leucocyte or nitrite zones. This means a 15 percent saving in B-coded examinations performed in hospital microbiology laboratories.

Hospitals↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the detection of urinary tract infection by the reagent strip method in hospitalized patients].

Asymptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent in hospital patients. Two prospective studies were carried out to evaluate the reagent strip method used to detect these infections. The diagnosis of UTI rested on cytobacteriological examination of urine. Detection by reagent strip was performed either in the microbiology laboratory (study 1: 976 samples) or at the patient's bedside and in the laboratory (Study 2: 225 samples). The strips were examined visually and by an automated device. There was no significant difference between the results obtained with these two reading methods. Study 1 showed that the reagent strip is more useful to exclude the diagnosis of UTI by using the leucocyte zone alone or combined with the nitrite zone (negative predictive value 98 percent) than to assert this diagnosis. Study 2 showed that the nitrite zone was less sensitive when it was examined at the laboratory than at the patient's bedside. Analysis of discordances between reagent strip and cytobacteriology in the light of data supplied by the patient's medical records made it possible to improve the negative predictive value of the tests. (100 percent). Thus, 60 percent of cytobacteriological examinations could be avoided if this type of examination was performed only in urine with positive leucocyte and nitrite zones. This means a 15 percent saving in B-coded examinations performed in hospital microbiology laboratories.

France↗
PubMed1990

The long-term treatment of steroid osteoporosis with fluoride.

Twenty-two patients with steroid-induced osteoporosis were studied retrospectively to assess the effects on bone mass of fluoride therapy over 4 years. Thirteen of 19 patients with miscellaneous disorders and 2 with Cushing's syndrome received 1 g calcium/day, 50,000 IU vitamin D (D) weekly, and 40-60 mg/day sodium fluoride (F). Six patients with miscellaneous disorders and one with Cushing's syndrome received only Ca and vitamin D. The mean (+/- SD) cumulative dose of prednisone for fluoride-treated patients at the beginning of the study was 42 +/- 25 g, and for those patients treated with only Ca and vitamin D, 45 +/- 47 g, and during the study the cumulative dose was comparable in both groups. The bone mineral mass of the central skeleton was measured by neutron activation analysis and the results expressed as the calcium bone index (CaBI) which normalizes the results to that of young adults of the same body size (normal range 0.75-1.2). In the 13 patients with miscellaneous disorders treated with fluoride, the mean +/- SD CaBI rose from 0.65 +/- .03 to 0.75 +/- .03 after 3 years p less than 0.001) and to 0.81 +/- .11 at 4 years. Patients without fluoride had an initial mean CaBI of 0.70 +/- .08 and it was not significantly changed over 3 years, 0.68 +/- .09 and 4 years, 0.71 +/- .09. The rise in CaBI in fluoride-treated patients with steroid-induced osteoporosis including Cushing's syndrome was comparable to that of 61 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis treated with fluoride.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical detection of multidrug resistance associated P-glycoprotein in tumour and stromal cells of human cancers.

The distribution of Gp 170, a multidrug resistance (MDR) associated glycoprotein, also called P-glycoprotein (P-gp), was examined by immunohistochemistry, using C219 and MRK16 monoclonal antibodies. Sixty-five tumour tissues were studied which included 40 non-lymphoid tumours, 15 chemoresistant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 10 Hodgkin's disease. The study was performed on both cryostat and special fixation processed and paraplast embedded (ModAMeX) sections. The latter method preserves fixation-sensitive antigens such as P-gp and allows a more precise morphological identification of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cell populations in contrast to cryostat sections. Immunohistochemical expression of P-gp was expected and confirmed in many non-lymphoid tumours, but stromal macrophages and endothelial cells were also frequently stained in these cases. In non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, cells that were stained with both C219 and MRK16 monoclonal antibodies on cryostat sections were identified as macrophages and endothelial cells and not neoplastic lymphoid cells, by the ModAMeX technique. These findings suggest that the quantitative assessment of MDR RNA by Northern blotting performed on fresh homogenates overestimates the MDR content of neoplastic cells in a number of lymphoid and non-lymphoid tumours. In addition, the mechanism of chemoresistance in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is less likely to be associated with P-gp expression.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Serum immunoglobulin G subclasses in patients during acute hepatitis A.

IgG subclasses were measured in sera of 47 patients with acute hepatitis A during the course of the disease. IgG1 and IgG3 serum levels were found to be elevated, whereas IgG2 and IgG4 subclass concentrations did not differ from that found in healthy control individuals. These findings indicate that, similar to the specific antiviral antibody, the polyclonal increase of serum concentrations of IgG in acute hepatitis A is not equally distributed to all IgG subclasses but is restricted to IgG1 and IgG3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Primary pulmonary lymphoma. Current data. Apropos of 9 cases].

The authors report 9 cases of primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL). With this report, together with the publication of recent and important studies and with the latest advances in immunology, the principal features of this rare entity are emerging from among other lymphoproliferative pathologies of the lung. As a rule, PPL is a histologically well-differentiated tumour with low malignancy and slow course. Treatment is surgical in localized forms. In extensive forms there is no firmly established treatment, but the absence of clinical symptoms permits therapeutic abstention.

Adult↗