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Biomedical subjects

C Moser

Publications and source records attributed to C Moser.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime blood levels in hepatic dysfunction.

Serum levels of cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime were studied in 18 patients with hepatic cirrhosis after an intravenous bolus injection of 2 g of cefotaxime. Blood levels were independent of the degree of hepatic dysfunction and did not differ from those reported in normal individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Chronic lymphatic leukemia of B-cell type: clinical and morphological investigations for diagnostic differentiation (author's transl)].

Chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL was diagnosed in 71 patients based on clinical data. Most of the patients were in the stages 0, I and II, only 18% were in the stages III and IV according to Rai. In all cases, the disease was characterized by an increased number of B lymphocytes (B-CLL). The B cells mostly expressed a weak fluorescence intensity when tested for membrane bound immunoglobulins (Ig). In accordance to that, the quantitative measurement of Ig in the serum revealed a decrease of one or more Ig classes in 72% of the patients. No correlation existed between the number of b lymphocytes (and T lymphocytes) or the Ig concentration in the serum and the stage of the disease. To distinguish the CLL from related lymphoproliferative disorders, especially the immunocytic lymphoma, lymph node biopsies were examined histologically and immunomorphologically for intracytoplasmic Ig. This examination confirmed the diagnosis of CLL in 33 out of 40 cases. Six lymph nodes were classified as immunocytic lymphoma of the lymphoplasmacytoid type. In three of the latter, the immunocytic lymphoma was clinically associated with decreased Ig concentrations in the serum. These findings emphasize that the clinically established diagnosis of CLL should be corroborated by immunomorphology.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Bioavailability of theophylline in a new oral sustained-release preparation (author's transl)].

On the basis of biopharmaceutic-pharmacokinetic and galenic aspects a new sustained-release preparation of theophylline according to the "divided-dose" principle was developed. The technological procedure used allows a reproducible manufacture of a stable product with narrow limits of pharmaceutical quality. The bioavailability of the sustained-release pellets in a dose corresponding to 350 mg active principle is examined in comparison to an aqueous solution or retard-tablet formulation on the marked (containing 260 mg drug/dose), respectively, after single or multiple dose administration to 7 healthy volunteers. The relative bioavailability of the new formulation is about 100%. During chronic application the controlled drug delivery from the sustained-release pellets warrants only slight fluctuations of plasma levels by avoiding peak concentrations. Formulations with a dosage of 200, 350 or 500 mg, respectively, allow adaptation of continuous plasma levels in the therapeutic range between 5--20 micrograms/ml according to the therapeutic necessities of a patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Acute-phase proteins in women with a copper IUD (author's transl)].

Acute-phase (AP) proteins haptoglobin, alpha1-antitrypsin and C-reactive protein were measured in 50 women before and 10 to 30 weeks after insertion of a copper T-200. No statistically significant increase in AP proteins was found. Since these proteins are synthesized in the liver, the results indicate the lack of a systemic humoral reaction of the organism in women with a copper-containing IUD.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1978

Quantitative determination of single serum proteins during acute hepatitis in childhood.

Fifteen serum proteins were estimated by linear immunodiffusion in blood samples from children with acute hepatitis. Blood was drawn at the beginning of the disease and three weeks later. The results were compared with results obtained from a group of age-matched normal children. At the beginning of the disease prealbumin and beta-2-glycoprotein I were depressed, whereas alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, cerloplasmin and alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein were found to be elevated. Alpha-2-macroglobulin, transferrin and beta-lipoprotein showed a significant elevation after three weeks. Beta-1-A/C, IgM and IgG remain elevated during time of observation. Albumin, haptoglobin and IgA were similar in patients and controls and did not change during the period of observation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Haptoglobins in gynecologic tumors (author's transl)].

Serum concentrations of haptoglobins were checked in 100 women with benign or malign gynecologic tumors. Typification of haptoglobins was determined by starch gel electrophoresis, quantification by single radial immunodiffusion. Cases with malignancies showed significant increased levels in comparison to healthy women. In cases with cervical carcinoma, a significant increase of the haptoglobin level was evaluated according to advanced carcinoma.

Electrophoresis, Starch Gel↗
PubMed1977

[Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) as a histocompatibilty test for allogen grafts. Part I: HLA-D locus: genetics and typing (author's transl)].

The importance of the HLA-gene complex is discussed and, in particular, of the HLA-D locus with respect to the clinical outcome of allografts. The genetic situation is deduced from an evaluation of population and family studies using the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). Further methods for the typing of gene products of HLA-D or closely-linked loci are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) as a histocompatibility test for allogen grafts. Part II. technique, significance and applications (author's transl)].

This study introduces mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) as a clinical method for prognostic assessment in allogen grafts. The principle and technical data are discussed. The technical variance and biological reproducibility of the MLC was tested by means of the recommendations of the Sixth International Histocompatibility Workshop 1975. The individual data show fluctuation, but the relative values and the order of rank are important. The order of rank is reproducible.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1975

Chaotropic anions and the surface potential of bilayer membranes.

The chaotropic anions perchlorate and thiocyanate adsorb to artificial phospholipid membranes. The negative electrostatic potential they produce at the surface of the membranes was measured by two independent techniques. The conductance produced by neutral carriers of cations and anions was measured to estimate changes in the surface potentials of planar black lipid films and the electrophoretic mobility of phospholipid vesicles was used to monitor changes in the zeta potentials of spherical bilayer membranes. Qualitatively similar results were obtained with the two techniques. The results, moreover, agreed with the change in surface potential produced by these anions at an air water interface, as measured directly with an ionizing electrode (Randles, J. E. B. (1957) Discuss. Faraday Soc. 24, 194-199). The results obtained with artificial bilayers may explain the observation (Wieth, J. O. (1970) J. Physiol. 207, 581-609) that thiocyanate increases the sodium or potassium and decreases the sulfate permeability of erythrocyte membranes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical guide to the diagnosis and treatment of heroin-related sexual dysfunction.

It is apparent that a significant degree of sexual concern exists in male and female heroin addicts in the predrug, drug and postdrug periods. The Sexual Concerns and Substance Abuse Project recommends that each opiate abuser entering in to treatment has a brief sex history taken and, if a primary or secondary sexual dysfunction is discovered, then additional evaluation is indicated. Furthermore, the Project stresses the importance of educating the patient to the physiological, as well as psychological, relationship between heroin-related sexual dysfunction and concomitant side effects. For example, in women chronically abusing high doses of heroin, one may not only see a reduction of sexual desire and performance, but also irregular menstrual cycles, and occasionally, amenorrhea, as a result of the depressive effects of the opiate on pituitary hormones. The woman may misinterpret this physiological effect and believe that such changes in her menstrual cycle are irreversible, and that she is sterile. Following the evaluation and patient education phase, the findings obtained from the evaluation of the drug cycle, as it relates to the sociosexual response cycle, should be incorporated into the overall treatment approach for counseling the opiate abuser. When a specific sexual dysfunction exists, particularly if it predates the heroin involvement, referral to a qualified sex therapist is often indicated, to work in co-therapy with the drug counselor and the referring physician. Greater awareness of heroin-related sexual dysfunction may help reduce the relapse rate back to heroin as well as improve the quality of the individual's life during the recovery period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of prenatal exposure to cocaine in a sample of newborns from a university teaching hospital]

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of prenatal exposure to cocaine in a sample of newborns using two methods: fluorescence polarization immunoassay and interview with the mother. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a university teaching hospital. The population included all live births between March 23, 1999 and June 01, 1999 (n=847). Exposure was determined by a benzoylecgonine-positive meconium specimen and/or by a positive interview with the mother. RESULTS: The prevalence of prenatal exposure to cocaine in this sample was 2.4% (16 cases) according to the interviews, and 3.4% (25 cases) according to the meconium analysis. A rate of 4.6% (34 cases) was found when both methods were associated. CONCLUSIONS: We observed that the meconium test was more effective than the maternal interview for the diagnosis of prenatal exposure to cocaine. The meconium analysis enhanced diagnostic chances by 53.4%, compared to 26% in the case of maternal interview.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of intraoperative corneal topography monitoring during photorefractive keratectomy.

PURPOSE: We propose a feasibility study of new corneal topography technology with the aim of monitoring intraoperative corneal topography during excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. The PAR system measures corneal topography with single grid projection and triangulation but requires fluorescent fluid to be deposited on the corneal surface for shape extraction. We propose and demonstrate a novel corneal topography system based on structured incoherent visible light projection and triangulation that does not require addition of fluorescent fluid. METHODS: We used a binary liquid crystal spatial light modulator to display multiple fringe patterns onto the cornea. The depth accuracy of the corneal topography system was measured using a white reflected test sphere mounted on a micrometer translation stage. The performance of the corneal topography system was tested on 5 de-epithelialized swine eyes in vitro ablated with a VISX excimer laser. RESULTS: Depth accuracy on the test sphere was 0.5+/-0.75 microm over an area of 17.6 mm2. On de-epithelialized swine corneas, ablation at the apex of the cornea treated with an excimer laser was measured without addition of fluorescein. CONCLUSIONS: This new corneal topography system achieved an adequate level of accuracy on a test sphere.

Animals↗