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Biomedical subjects

C Miller

Publications and source records attributed to C Miller.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Trends in maladaptive behavior of mentally retarded persons placed in community and institutional settings.

Changes in maladaptive behavior of retarded individuals referred and placed in institutional vs. community settings were examined. The results demonstrated that no significant time trend was present for either the institutional or community groups, regardless of clients' age and level of retardation. Placement, level of retardation, and age, however, were related to overall prevalence of maladaptive behavior among the individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

An evaluation of methods for the purification of DNA preparations.

Four tritiated thymidine-labeled DNA preparations known to contain areas of single strandedness were chromatographed on BNDC, HAP, and MAK. With an ethidium bromide fluorescence technique, the proportion of single-stranded regions in each of the stock preparations and DNA column eluates was evaluated. Although all column methods removed a significant proportion of test material containing single-stranded DNA, only MAK columns consistently yielded homogeneous double-stranded DNA preparations. Variable results were obtained, depending on the preparation chromatographed and the method used. Millipore filtration, although reducing single-stranded contamination, also failed to produce uniformly double-stranded DNA. Serum anti-DNA bindings were measured by the Millipore filter technique with two DNA preparations before and after chromatography. A significant decrease in percent binding was demonstrated with DNA samples fractionated on MAK columns as a result of the removal of most single-stranded DNA regions. Only select sera tested against BNDC and HAP DNA eluates showed a decrease in anti-DNA binding. It is concluded that methods of column chromatography are variably effective in reducing the proportion of single-stranded DNA in mixed DNA preparations. Confirmation of the homogeneous nature of the DNA antigen by structural analysis is recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Decamethonium and hexamethonium block K+ channels of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane (SR) of skeletal muscle contains cation-selective channels which have been detected by isotope fluxes in fragmented SR vesicles, fluorimetric dyes and direct incorporation of SR vesicles to planar phospholipid bilayers. SR channels incorporated in bilayers have a single open-state conductance of 140 pS in 0.1 MK+ (refs 4,5). We have previously reported blockade of the SR channel by Cs+, a low-affinity blocker with a zero-voltage dissociation constant of 40 mM (ref. 6). We showed that increasing Cs+ concentrations reduced the open-channel conductance, increased the mean open time and conferred voltage dependence on the open-state conductance. Here we report on the blockade induced by the cholinergic drugs decamethonium and hexamethonium on the SR channel. Although blockade by hexamethonium is similar to that of Cs+, decamethonium blocks with a much higher affinity and induces flickering events which are probably due to the interaction of single drug molecules with the open state.

Decamethonium Compounds↗
PubMed1980

Measles again.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Association of depressed postoperative lymphoproliferative responses to alloantigens with poor prognosis in patients with stage I lung cancer.

Thirty-five patients with Stage I carcinoma of the lung were tested postoperatively to assess lymphoproliferative responses. Depressed lymphocyte proliferation (LP) responses to alloantaigen in the mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) as measured by thee relative proliferation index (RPI) were associated with a significantly shorter disease-free interval. In this group of patients, the immunologic responses predicted subsequent clinical course better than the TNM classification or the histological type of the tumor, and therefore this procedure appears promising for improved staging of patients with early stages of lung cancer (stage I lung cancer and T1N0M0). The depressed response to alloantaigen was a more sensitive discriminator of disease recurrence than PHA alone or even conbined with PHA.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Structural analysis of factor VIII antigen in von Willebrand disease.

The Factor VIII antigen molecules in the plasma of patients with classical type 1 and variant type 2A von Willebrand disease were compared to the Factor VIII antigen molecules in normal plasma. Factor VIII antigen was isolated from plasma by solid-phase immunoprecipitation and analyzed by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; the stained Factor VIII antigen bands were removed, radioiodinated, and subjected to tryptic digestion. Computerized analysis of autoradiographs revealed that the two-dimensional peptide maps of the different Factor VIII antigens were remarkably similar. The results suggest that the Factor VIII antigen molecules in these two forms of von Willebrand disease are probably identical to the Factor VIII antigen molecules present in normal plasma. It is thus likely that the differences observed in plasma Factor VIII antigen in classical and variant von Willebrand disease are not due to qualitatively abnormal molecules but rather represent quantitative shifts in the metabolism of normal Factor VIII antigen molecules.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1980

Physical attractiveness and marriage adjustment in older American couples.

Related to Murstein and Christy's data on physical attractiveness and middle-aged marriage adjustment, the current study examined the effects of physical attractiveness on marital adjustment among older couples. The Ss were 32 older adult, middle-class American couples who were administered three physical attractiveness measures: photos, self-evaluations, and evaluations by spouse. The Ss also completed the Locke-Wallace Marriage Adjustment Scale. It was predicted that couples would be matched for physical attractiveness and that attractiveness in general would be correlated with marriage adjustment. The results provided partial support for the first hypothesis, but only for photo ratings. The second hypothesis received fairly strong support relative to husbands' marital adjustment and partial support in relation to wives' marital satisfaction.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of the gating behavior of a K+-selective channel from the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane.

A voltage-dependent, K+-selective ionic channel from sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit skeletal muscle has been studied in a planar phospholipid bilayer membrane. The purpose [corrected] of this work is to study the mechanism by which the channel undergoes transitions between its conducting and nonconducting states. Thermodynamic studies show that the "open" and "closed" states of the channel exist in a voltage-dependent equilibrium, and that the channel displays only a single open state; the channel conductance is 120 pmho in 0.1 M K+. The channel's gating process follows single exponential kinetics at all voltages tested, and the individual opening and closing rate constants are exponentially dependent on voltage. The individual rate constants may also be determined from a stochastic analysis of channel fluctuations among multiple conductance levels. Neither the thermodynamic nor the kinetic parameters of gating depend on the absolute concentration of channels in the bilayer. The results are taken as evidence that the channel gates by an unusually simple two-state conformational mechanism in which the equivalent of 1.1 net charges are moved across the membrane during the formation of the open channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ionic selectivity, saturation, and block in a K+-selective channel from sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The open-channel conductance properties of a voltage-gated channel from sarcoplasmic reticulum were studied in planar phospholipid membranes. The channel is ideally selective for K+ over Cl- and for K+ over Ca++. In symmetrical 1 M solutions, the single-channel conductance (in pmho) falls in the order: K+ (214) > NH4+ (157) > Rb+ (125) > Na+ (72) > La+ (8.1) > Cs+ (< 3). In neutral bilayers, the channel conductance saturates with ion activity according to a rectangular hyperbolic relation, with half-saturation activities of 54 mM for K+ and 34 mM for Na+. Under symmetrical salt conditions, the K+:Na+ channel conductance ratio increases with salt activity, but the permeability ratio, measured by single-channel bi-ionic potentials, is constant between 20 mM and 2.5 M salt; the permeability ratio is equal to the conductance ratio in the limit of low-salt concentration. The channel conductance varies < 5% in the voltage range -100 to +70 mV. The maximum conductance varies K+ and Na+ is only weakly temperature dependent (delta H++ = 4.6 and 5.3 kcal/mol, respectively), but that of Li+ varies strongly with temperature (delta H++ = 13 kcal/mol). The channel's K+ conductance is blocked asymmetrically by Cs+, and this block is competitive with K+. The results are consistent with an Eyring-type barriers as it permeates the channel. The data conform to Lüger's (1973. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 311:423-441) predictions for a "pure" single-ion channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Unusual neuroradiological features of intracranial cysticercosis.

The authors describe various new neuroradiological findings in cysticercosis cerebri. Features discussed include: (a) contrast enhancement in cysticercosis, including enhancement of an intraventricular cyst, basal meningeal enhancement, and enhancement in association with granulomatous reaction to cysticercosis; (b) positional cyst alterations, including cyst mobility and positional changes in cyst configuration; (c) neuroradiological features of foramen of Monro obstruction, which may be unilateral or bilateral, and may be due to cysts or adhesions; and (d) unusual angiographic features, including two cases of ring stains which corresponded to ring enhancement on CT, and a mycotic aneurysm associated with cysticercosis. For this study, the authors evaluated 102 cases of cysticercosis; 12 case reports are presented herein.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Iliac-vena caval fistula: an uncommon acute traumatic arteriovenous fistula.

Acute traumatic arteriovenous fistulas in major abdominal vessels are relatively rare. They are often difficult to detect without arteriography in a patient with multiple injuries, without a nonexpanding hematoma. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of an acute traumatic iliac-vena caval fistula. The value of arteriography in diagnosis and the need for early recognition and operation of these lesions are stressed. Definitive arterial and venous reconstruction should be performed whenever feasible.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

A voltage-gated anion channel from the electric organ of Torpedo californica.

Addition of membrane vesicles prepared from the electric organ of Torpedo californica to the aqueous phase of a planar phospholipid bilayer system results in a large (up to 3 orders of magnitude) stepwise increase in membrane conductance. This increased conductance consists of two components: an ohmic background "leak" and a voltage-dependent, ideally anion-selective conductance. The anion conductance is low at voltages greater than +10 mV, rises sharply as the voltage becomes negative, and then saturates as the voltage becomes highly negative. (The trans side of the bilayer, to which vesicles are not added, is defined as ground.) Under high amplification, the anion conductance shows single channel behavior with a voltage-independent, single channel conductance of 13.9 +/- 0.1 pmho in 0.1 M Cl-. Furthermore, the anion channel, but not the background conductance, is inhibited by submillimolar concentrations of SITS and DIDS, two well known anion transport inhibitors. The inhibition is seen only when SITS or DIDS is added to the cis side. No cholinergic agents tested have any effect on the channel.

4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfo↗