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Biomedical subjects

C Miller

Publications and source records attributed to C Miller.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Surveys of rubella antibodies in young adults and children.

22 000 serum samples from university students and young adult blood donors collected between 1969 and 1980 were tested for antibody to rubella virus. Of the women born in 1956 and after (i.e., those eligible for rubella vaccine at school) the proportions seronegative ranged from 3% to 6% in different years, compared with 12-20% in men of the same age groups. Serum samples from schoolchildren were also tested: 40-50% of girls and boys aged 10-11 years were seronegative--percentages similar to those before the introduction of vaccine. However, only 2-6% of 15-year-old girls (who would have been offered vaccine) were seronegative compared with 20-30% of 15-year-old boys. These results indicate that the rubella vaccination programme in the U.K. is having a significant impact on the immunological status of young women of childbearing age but that a large number of women remain potentially susceptible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Sarcomatous degeneration of Paget disease in the skull.

Two cases of Paget disease complicated by sarcomatous degeneration in the skull are presented. The bony disarray of underlying Paget disease of the skull may mask the cortical destruction produced by a developing sarcoma. The role of computerized tomography in the early detection of malignant change is stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Millions of medical care dollars for indigents.

The medically indigent, a group traditionally underserved with health care, can obtain some needed free services from Hill-Burton facilities. These facilities (hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, and agencies) received Hill-Burton funds for their building programs and have, as a result, an obligation to provide a certain amount of uncompensated medical care to a defined medically indigent population. Health systems agencies (HSAS) or other interested agencies and groups can play an integral role in highlighting the Hill-Burton Program and helping the medically indigent obtain free care, This paper describes the Hill-Burton Program and explains how one HSA identified the Hill-Burton facilities in its area, determined the extent of their obligations, obtained allocation plans, and publicized and promoted the available health care services. From the interest shown by the community it was apparent that the HSA had provided a much needed and appreciated service that could be duplicated across the country by HSAS or other community groups.

Financing, Government↗
PubMed1983

Pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone heterogeneity: assessment of biologic activities of each follicle-stimulating hormone form.

The multiple species of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) present within pituitary tissue were separated by the technique of polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. The ability of each FSH species to stimulate the secretion of plasminogen activator from cultured granulosa cells was tested (FSH in vitro bioassay). A wide range of biologic/radioimmunologic FSH activity was observed when FSH species were compared. As the isoelectric point of the FSH molecule declined, so did the biologic activity. A second series of studies was performed to determine which forms of FSH were secreted by pituitary tissue in vitro. All of the forms of FSH present in pituitary tissue were secreted into culture medium. However, the relative proportions of FSH forms in the pituitary and medium were not always similar. Exposure of pituitary tissue to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone elicited an increase in the relative proportion of the more biologically active forms of FSH that were secreted. These studies suggest that the hormonal milieu surrounding the pituitary affects not only the quantity but also the potency of the FSH signal emitted. Thus, the basis for observed differences between biologic and immunologic FSH activities observed during some endocrine states may be the result of preferential secretion of certain FSH species.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Adolescent pregnancy. Involvement of the male partner.

The role played by the male partner in an adolescent pregnancy was investigated. Questionnaires were completed by the male partners of 41 adolescent females who continued their pregnancy to term and attended an optional education program. Most fathers (81%) maintained an ongoing relationship with the mother and informed their own family about the pregnancy. Only 48% helped with the decision regarding the outcome of the pregnancy. Only 19% saw a health care professional to discuss the pregnancy and only 9% received contraceptive information. Our data suggest that a significant number of these males suffered negative psychosocial consequences such as depression and increased social isolation. We believe that more effort should be made to identify those males interested in participating in their partner's pregnancy, encourage them to play a role in the decision-making process regarding the outcome of the pregnancy, and provide them with contraceptive counseling and psychologic support.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Single chloride channels from Torpedo electroplax. Activation by protons.

Single-channel fluctuations of a chloride-specific channel from Torpedo californica electroplax were studied with high current and time resolution. Channels were incorporated into virtually solvent-free planar bilayer membranes formed from phospholipid monolayers, and the substructure of the open channel was analyzed. The single channel displays three well-defined substates of conductances 0, 10, and 20 pS in 200 mM Cl-. These three substates are interpreted in terms of a dimeric channel complex composed of two identical "protochannels" gating independently in parallel on a time scale of milliseconds, but coupled together by a bursting process on a time scale of seconds. The probability of forming an open protochannel is voltage dependent and is increased strongly as aqueous pH is lowered. Variations of pH are effective only on the same side of the bilayer as the addition of electroplax vesicles. The dependence of single-channel kinetics on pH and voltage lead to a minimal four-state model in which both open and closed states can be protonated on a residue that changes its pK from 6 to 9 upon opening of the protochannel.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Identification of medical student problems and comparison with those of other students.

The perceived problems of 585 medical students were compared with those of 1,110 students in the other health sciences colleges at the same institution. Through the use of a 5-point Likert scale, the students were able to indicate the degree to which each of 83 problem items on an inventory was of concern to them. The inventory included items concerning problems with life situation and school environment, other people, behavior, and feelings. The medical students were found to have the same spectrum of perceived problems as the other students but complained of these problems significantly more intensely on 35 items. Married students as a group responded to the problem items with significantly less intensity than the single students. Analyses of subgroups by marital status, gender, age, and year in school are also reported.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Concurrent development of preleukaemic, lymphoproliferative and plasma cell disorders.

A patient is described who presented with a combined preleukaemic, lymphoproliferative and plasma cell disorder. These disorders were not related to cytotoxic therapy. The clonal nature of the lymphoid component was demonstrated by lymphocyte surface marker studies and the clonal nature of the plasma cell component by immunoperoxidase studies. Since the involved lymphoid and plasma cells contained different heavy and light chains, they were felt to originate from two separate B cell clones not related to the clone responsible for the preleukaemic component.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Influence of pre-voicing duration on dichotic performance.

When two speech messages are presented to normal subjects in a dichotic listening task, the stimuli presented to the right ear are generally reported first and more accurately than signals presented to the left ear. Although a normal Italian speaker produces approximately 100 ms of pre-voicing, we found that the maximum dichotic interference (shown by a slightly larger right-ear advantage and fewer double-correct trials) occurred for stimuli with 30-ms pre-voicing. These data indicate that the duration of pre-voicing is important for intelligibility of Italian stop consonants.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Dichotic performance of Italian subjects tested with english and Italian stop consonant-vowel stimuli.

15 normal-hearing, right-handed Italian subjects were tested dichotically with Italian and English stop consonant plus vowel combinations (CVs). The stimuli were modified on a computer-based routine so that the pre-voicing of Italian voiced CVs was 30 ms long. In this condition, a significant right-ear advantage and a consistent lag effect were observed with both Italian and English stimuli. In addition, no significant differences between the two types of stimuli (English and Italian) were observed in the dichotic performances (except when using the 90-ms lag, which resulted in a significant difference in performance).

Adult↗