Ultrasound and the monitoring of treatment for amoebic liver abscess.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
C Metreweli
Publications and source records attributed to C Metreweli.
A non-invasive technique for gastric motility measurement.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Gastrointestinal Motility↗
Letter: A neonatal and infant phlebotomy tourniquet.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Bloodletting↗
A comparison of chlormethiazole and diazepam as intravenous sedatives for fibre-endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Chlormethiazole and diazepam as intravenous sedatives were compared in 75 patients undergoing fibre-endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Diazepam was considered to offer greater reliability and ease of administration. Chlormethiazole wqs found to be a safe drug and did not encourage salivation. Local pain caused by chlormethiazole injection can be abolished by the use of lignocaine. Chlormethiazole may be useful in patients who are hypotensive and who require emergency endoscopy.
Adult↗
Pulmonary aspiration after fibre-endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Pulmonary aspiration occurred in 16 out of 65 patients (24.6%) undergoing fibre-endoscopic examinations of the upper gastrointestinal tract under intravenous sedation, but it was rarely followed by serious complications. Aspiration was found to occur under sedation with diazepam alone, diazepam with atropine, and with chlormethiazole. The most important factors contributing to aspiration are the local pharyngeal anaesthesia and the mechanical interference of the fibrescope with laryngeal closure and swallowing. The patient is also at risk of aspiration after completion of the procedure and should remain recumbent until the local anaesthesia has worn off.
Anesthesia, Local↗
Clinical significance of the comet-tail artifact in thyroid ultrasound.
The comet-tail artifact is commonly encountered in a variety of clinical conditions; however, its presence and significance in a thyroid nodule has not been documented before. We document its presence in 100 patients who underwent ultrasound examinations of the neck and thyroid. None of the thyroid nodules showed any evidence of malignancy on repeated fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). In 85% of patients with the artifact, abundant colloid was seen on FNAC, suggesting that the artifact may be related to the presence of colloid. Four different patterns of distribution of the artifact within the nodule were noted and these helped to determine the size of the needle to be used for a successful aspiration.
Artifacts↗
Sonographic findings in masseter-muscle metastases.
Symptomatic metastases in skeletal muscles are rare, and involvement of the masseter muscle is extremely rare, with only 3 reported cases. We report 2 additional cases of masseter-muscle metastases. Sonographically, the masseter-muscle metastases appeared as ill-defined, hypoechoic, heterogeneous lesions aligned with the long axis of the muscle. Fine-needle aspiration was confirmatory. The combination of sonography and fine-needle aspiration is the ideal method for diagnosing masseteric metastases.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Comparison of the sonographic features of acalculous and calculous submandibular sialadenitis.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the sonographic features of acalculous and calculous sialadenitis of the submandibular gland. METHODS: A retrospective review of sonograms of the neck was performed in 25 patients with submandibular sialadenitis: 8 with acalculous and 17 with calculous disease. The submandibular glands were assessed for size, shape, border, and echogenicity; presence of dilated ducts or other intraglandular lesions; inflammatory changes in adjacent tissues; lymphadenopathy; and involvement of other salivary glands. RESULTS: In the group with acalculous sialadenitis, 4 (50%) of the 8 patients had unilateral disease, and 11 (92%) of 12 glands were rounded. In all cases (100%), multiple hypoechoic lesions were diffusely distributed throughout the submandibular glands against a heterogeneous parenchymal background. The lesions ranged from 3 to 15 mm and were oval or round. Confluent lesions were noted in 2 glands (17%). There was no sonographic evidence of duct dilatation, calculi, or abnormal lymph nodes. All patients with calculous sialadenitis had unilateral disease; 9 had a main duct calculus (53%), 7 had intraglandular calculi (41%), and 1 had both (6%). In 14 (82%) of 17 glands, normal shape was maintained, and 11 (65%) of 17 had duct dilatation. CONCLUSIONS: Acalculous submandibular sialadenitis differs from the calculous form of the disease. The former has characteristic sonographic features, including a round gland with numerous hypoechoic lesions in a heterogeneous parenchymal background. Sonographic imaging in conjunction with fine-needle aspiration is useful for detection of this disorder.
Adult↗
Mature teratomas of the adrenal gland: imaging features.
BACKGROUND: We describe the imaging features of three, histologically confirmed, mature teratomas of the adrenal gland not described previously in the radiologic literature and discuss the differential diagnosis of lipomatous tumors of the adrenal gland. METHODS: Computed tomographic (n = 3), magnetic resonance imaging (n = 1), and sonographic (n = 1) features were reviewed retrospectively and the findings correlated with gross pathology and histology. RESULTS: There were two females (age 8 and 18 years) and one male (age 17 years). Tumor size ranged from 5 to 11 cm (mean = 7.3 cm). All tumors were well circumscribed and contained fat components. Calcification was demonstrated in two tumors and was the predominant component in one. Only one was cystic. CONCLUSION: The radiologic features of these tumors were typical of mature teratomas occurring elsewhere in the body. This should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lipomatous tumors of the adrenal gland, especially in children and adolescents.
Adolescent↗
Hepatic clonorchiasis--a study by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
An endoscopic retrograde cholangiographic study of 31 consecutive cases of hepatic clonorchiasis was performed. Filamentous wavy and/or elliptical appearance of the worm is a pathognomonic finding on ERCP examination. Significant dilation of the second and third generation bile ducts, and dilation and blunting of the terminal branches of the biliary tree are also common findings.
Adult↗
MRI of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy.
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to document the range of appearances of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy (TCL) on MRI. METHOD: The MR images of nine patients who were subsequently found to have TCL were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were scanned on a 1.5 T unit using a neck coil (nine patients) and a surface coil (five patients). Each abnormal region was assessed separately for maximum size, pattern of disease, necrosis, calcification, soft tissue edema, muscle involvement, and vascular compression. RESULTS: There were 17 abnormal regions. The posterior triangle was most frequently involved (six patients) followed by the supraclavicular fossa (five patients). There were three patterns of disease, comprising discrete nodes, matted nodes, and confluent masses. Necrosis occurred in 10 of the 17 abnormal regions; necrotic areas were located peripherally in 7 of these 10. The percentage of necrotic to solid areas ranged from <25 to >75% and was not related to the pattern of disease. Edema was present in four patients and was seen with matted nodes and confluent masses. Muscle involvement and vascular compression occurred in three regions. Calcification was not identified. CONCLUSION: MRI revealed three patterns of disease in TCL: discrete nodes, matted nodes, and confluent masses. Necrotic foci, when present, were more frequently peripheral rather than central, and this together with the soft tissue edema may be of value in differentiating TCL from metastatic nodes.
Contrast Media↗
Ultrasonographic hip morphometry in infants.
Ultrasonographic study of 463 normal children (926 hips) from birth to 6 months of age with equal sex distribution was performed. Hip morphometry, including Graf's alpha and beta angles. Morin's head coverage percentage, and head size were measured. Using the same technique, a group of 52 babies was measured longitudinally from birth to 6 months of age, with three measurements taken for each hip for a total of 312 measurements. Results showed that the boys had a consistently higher alpha angle, a lower beta angle, better head coverage, and larger head size through the 6 months. Differences between the right and left hips were only noted in the beta angle. The containment of the hip was found to increase rapidly in the first 4 months. Comparing data from the longitudinal versus the cross-sectional group, no statistically significant differences were detectable in all the parameters measured. Intraobserver variations were found to be best with alpha angle measurements, with a standard deviation of 3.22 degrees.
Age Distribution↗
Imaging of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging and a review of the literature.
We present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound appearances of three cases of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas, involving the orbit, parameningeal region (nasopharynx and nasal sinus), and trapezius muscle anatomically. The histopathological subtypes included two embryonal and one alveolar. MRI is a superior imaging technique with its high contrast resolution of soft tissue tumors and multiplanar noninvasive capability. The literature on CT and MRI appearances of head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas is reviewed.
Adolescent↗