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Biomedical subjects

C Mercier

Publications and source records attributed to C Mercier.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Enzymatic activities in slow and fast denervated old rat muscles.

The activities of five enzymes have been studied quantitatively in denervated extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of 24-month-old rats. The results have been compared with those obtained from normal muscles of a similar age group of rats. Three weeks after denervation, the activity of hexokinase was increased in gastrocnemius and extensor digitorum longus. Phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase showed decreased activities. These results suggest that enzyme which represents glucose uptake increased its activity in fast muscles and that enzymes for anaerobic glycolysis, lactate fermentation, citric acid cycle and beta-oxidation had a decreased activity in slow and fast muscles.

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1985

[Anesthesia with controlled hypotension for treatment of intracranial arterial aneurysm in an infant].

A case is reported of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery in a 21/2 month old infant. The clinical picture of subarachnoid haemorrhage included coma, seizures and left hemiparesis. The aneurysm was detected by two dimensional ultrasonography and CT scan. The carotid and vertebral arteriogram showed an aneurysm located on the posterior cerebral artery. Surgery was performed after neurological improvement, 25 days after admission. The operation was conducted under controlled systemic hypotension using sodium nitroprusside. The mean blood pressure was decreased from 70 mmHg to 40 mmHg during 20 min. This technique established good haemostatic conditions during removal of the aneurysm. Postoperative recovery was uneventful with full neurological recovery. The interest of sodium nitroprusside as a hypotensive agent is discussed. The difficulties of monitoring haemodynamic variables in infants are stressed.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1985

Acute and chronic traumatic aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta: a 10-year experience with a single method of aortic shunting.

A 10-year experience in the surgical treatment of traumatic aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta is reviewed. This series included 40 patients equally divided into two groups. Group I comprised 20 acute ruptures and group II, 20 chronic traumatic aneurysms, all situated at the aortic isthmus. The surgical repair was performed in all patients with a single method of aortic shunting. A Gott aneurysm shunt was used as a temporary external bypass between the ascending and the descending aorta, giving priority to organ protection during aortic cross-clamping. The survival rate was 95% (38/40). The two deaths occurred in the acute group and were related to severe brain trauma present before surgery. The aortic cross-clamping time averaged 43 minutes. Regarding organ protection, no brain damage, no heart failure, no renal dysfunction, and no paraplegia occurred. These results emphasize the safety and the reliability of this shunting procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Pelvic arteriovenous fistulas. Apropos of a case report].

Gynaecological arteriovenous fistulae are a difficult diagnosis and their aetiology is often difficult to determine. The surgical treatment is not always satisfactory and the prognosis can be transformed by means of embolisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Posterior iliac donor sites. Should they be considered more often?].

Spongy bone grafts are characterised by their resistance to infection and their great osteogenic potential. These qualities are valuable in facio-maxillary surgery. The anterior superior iliac crest, the usual donor site for cortico-spongy bone grafts is unsuitable for the removal of large quantities of spongy bone. The posterior iliac crest, which is used by orthopaedic surgeons, is a rich donor site for spongy bone, which is not generally used by facio-maxillary surgeons. The abundance and quality of the bone obtained, the simplicity of the postoperative course and the relative absence of pain of this site make it a good indication. The change in the operative position should not constitute an obstacle to its use.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1984

Thromboxane B2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and PGA1 plasma levels in arteriosclerosis obliterans: relationship to clinical manifestations, risk factors, and arterial pathoanatomy.

Current concepts of atherogenesis based on animal and human investigations indicate prostaglandins as a key factor in atherosclerotic lesions. The plasma profiles of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and PGA1 were investigated by means of a sensitive radioimmunoassay technique in 40 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans and in 30 healthy control subjects. Abnormally high levels of TXB2 and PGE2 (222.97 +/- 320.86 pg/ml, mean +/- SD, vs 20 +/- 2.1 and 352.66 +/- 235.54 vs 24.4 +/- 3, p less than 0.01) were detected in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients. The ratio between TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was increased from 1.2 in control subjects to 6.0 in patients. In arteriosclerosis obliterans TXB2 increased in relation to clinical manifestations and to the extension of the vascular damage. In addition, TXB2 was positively related to serum triglyceride content (r = 0.562, p less than 0.05) and inversely related to platelet count (r = 0.727, p less than 0.001). The marked imbalance between the stable metabolites of thromboxane and prostacyclin in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients provides biologic evidence which fits well with the thrombogenic theory of atherosclerosis. These results further support the theory that prostaglandins may be heavily involved in atherosclerosis.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1984

[Hemangiopericytoma of the orofacial region].

Prognosis in 11 cases of hemangiopericytoma of the orofacial region (9 buccal and 2 parotid tumors) was, as with these lesions in other zones, an uncertain entity: 4 local recurrences within 8 months to 7 years; one fatal outcome after 3 years from pulmonary micrometastases. Histologic classification of these tumors into 3 cytologic groups of increasing malignancy (I to III) is a function of the number of their cytologic anomalies. They are also divided according to their overall morphology into poorly differentiated, differentiated and sclerous types. Positive correlations between structure and cytologic criteria of malignancy and structure and clinical course have been demonstrated. Ultrastructural examination in 2 cases showed polymorphic endothelial, fibroblastic and smooth muscle cells in contact with adult tumoral pericytes. This suggests the origin of the tumor from young cells of multiple potency rather than from adult pericytes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome. A new case].

A patient with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia presented the three classical symptoms necessary to establish an early diagnosis: hypotrichosis, absence or reduction in number of teeth, and absence or diminution of sweat glands. Radiological examination of the maxillary bones (particularly a panoramic image) and skin biopsy provided confirmation of diagnosis. The course of Christ-Siemens syndrome is dominated by the extent of the thermal disorders during the first three months of life, and the functional and psychological disturbances related to the absence of the teeth and to the "appearance" of the patient.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Staged resection of a life-threatening aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta and a coexisting aneurysm of the ascending aorta.

The authors report the successful staged resection of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm and a coexisting ascending aortic aneurysm. The main challenge was to provide optimal proximal aortic decompression to prevent rupture of the ascending aorta during the distal repair. During the period of aortic arch cross-clamping, organ protection was achieved with a Gott shunt inserted proximally in the aortic arch and distally in the left common femoral artery. The importance of this shunting procedure, which has been the basis of our surgical technique in the treatment of all lesions of the descending thoracic aorta, is emphasized.

Aged↗