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Biomedical subjects

C Meier

Publications and source records attributed to C Meier.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Occurrence of lymphocytes in the cortical neuropil in a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

A 51-year-old woman suffering from visual disturbances, ataxia, spasticity, myoclonic jerks, and mental disturbances died completely demented after a 4-month course of the disease. The EEG showed typical diffuse triphasic sharp and slow-wave complexes. Histopathologic studies displaying spongiform changes in the gray matter, neuronal loss, and atrogliosis confirmed the clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Electron-microscopic investigations revealed the occurrence of lymphocytes in the cortical neuropil.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1980

Multiple sclerosis and canine distemper encephalitis--an epidemiological approach.

The evolution of the incidence of canine distemper encephalitis in dogs in some areas of Switzerland over the past 30 years was studied from the neuropathological records of the School of Veterinary Medicine at Berne and compared with the incidence of multiple sclerosis, as estimated from the clinical records of the Neurologic Hospital at the same University. Even considering incubation times of up to 10 years no epidemiological relationship was found between the diseases. Whereas canine distemper encephalitis has become a rare disease since the second half of the sixties, the multiple sclerosis rate has remained approximately the same. In view of these findings, a causal link between canine distemper infection in dogs and multiple sclerosis in man seems unlikely.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Prenatal mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter): a pathogenetic study.

A prenatal diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis II (M. Hunter) was made early in a pregnancy at risk in a family with one affected child. An affected fetus was diagnosed on the basis of an abnormal incorporation and degradation of 35SO4 in 35SO4-labeled mucopolysaccharides in cultured amniotic cells. Dermatan sulfate and heparin sulfate concentrations in the supernatant of the amniotic fluid were high. In the aborted fetus, the diagnosis could be confirmed by 35SO4 incorporation studies in the cultured fibroblasts and in cultured brain cells as well as by the deficiency of the specific enzyme activity (iduronide sulfate sulfatase) in the organs of the fetus. beta-Galactosidase was in the low normal range in liver and spleen but significantly reduced in brain. Under electron microscopy, the mesenchymal cells of liver and spleen showed lysosomal storage of material, presumably mucopolysaccharides, in excess of normal. In the neurons of the spinal ganglia and spinal cord, "Zebra bodies" in statu nascendi were observed.

Female↗
PubMed1980

[Comparative in vivo wear-resistance measurements between amalgam and composite materials. Results after 2 years].

The wear resistance of three different types of restorative materials for posterior teeth was examined in a 2-year clinical study. Reduction in vertical dimension was measured with the aid of profilometric grafical curves of the restoration occlusal relief. The following results were obtained: (formula: see text). The results show that, relative to wear resistance, the composite restorative material, strengthened with a new type of anorganic microfiller, is clearly superior to the conventional composite, however, is not equal to amalgam. Besides resistance to wear, there are numerous other demands of a posterior tooth composite system which have yet to be met before these microfiller composites can be recommended for the restoration of conventionally prepared Class I and II cavities.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1979

Neuromyopathy during chronic amiodarone treatment. A case report.

Clinical, electrophysiological, and the nerve and muscle biopsy findings from a case treated with amiodarone are reported. Marked distal motor and sensory impairment and distal muscular atrophy were observed clinically. The electrophysiological examination revealed normal motor and sensory conduction velocities in the median nerve; the sensory action potentials were polyphasic and reduced in amplitude. Electromyography revealed denervation potentials and severe loss of motor units in the M. extensor digitorum brevis and in the M. tibialis anterior. The light and electronmicroscopical study of a N. suralis biopsy displayed total loss of large myelinated fibers and an almost total reduction of small myelinated fibers. The number of unmyelinated axons was markedly reduced. Fibrocytes and degenerative axons polymorphous inclusion bodies were present in Schwann cells. The muscle biopsy revealed both neurogenic and myopathic changes. Lipid storage was also present in the muscle fibers. Physical and chemical analysis of the nerve and muscle biopsy revealed the content of iodine to be more than 40 times increased. The findings indicate damage of axons, schwann cells and muscle fibers. It is suggested that the lipid storage in nerve and muscle tissue might be related to the accumulation of the drug or its metabolites.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Morphological observations in the nervous system of prenatal mucopolysaccharidosis II (M. Hunter).

Light and electron microscopic finding in the nervous system of a 23-week-old fetus are reported, in which MPS II was diagnosed prenatally. The degrees of myelination and neuronal differentiation were similar as in a normal fetus of the same age. A storage of mucopolysaccharides in typical vacuolar inclusion bodies was present throughout the peripheral and central nervous system, mainly in cells of mesenchymal origin. "Zebra" bodies and granulo-membranous bodies, which are thought to represent secondard ganglioside accumulation were only found in the well developed neurons of the spinal cord and spinal ganglia, but not in the poorly developed neurons of the cerebellar and cerebral cortex. Mucopolysaccharide storage in endothelial cells of cerebral bood vessels precedes the appearance of lipid storgae in cerebral neurons.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Gingival blood circulation after experimental wounds in man.

Capillary blood circulation following experimental wounding was observed by fluorescein angiography. Contralateral punch wounds 1.5 mm in diameter were made in healthy mandibular labial attached gingiva of 31 volunteers. Areas of ischemia were clearly visible angiographically 6 hours after wounding and were significantly greater in area (P less than 0.05) and wider (P less than 0.01) for wounds in the long axis of mandibular incisors (N = 14) than those on the vertical midline of the gingival papillae (N = 17). The ischemic changes occurred exclusively cranial to the experimental wounds. By the third day the epithelium adjacent to the wound margin in the central part of the ischemic area had necrotized, thus extending the wound coronally. By the seventh day the axial wounds were significantly (P less than 0.001) larger than the papillary wounds. The data strongly suggest that the blood supply of mandibular labial attached gingiva is preferentially oriented in an apico-coronal direction and that the capacity for collateral circulation is dependent upon local differences in vascular structure. The findings are applicable to flap design in periodontal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of vascular injuries on the healing of experimental gingival wounds].

Following experimental infliction of stab wounds, the blood circulation in mandibular gingiva attached to the labium was studied in 31 subjects with fluorescence angiography. Ischemic circulatory disturbances six hours after infliction of the wound and enlargement of the wound three days post operationem were all directed cranially. Blood flow in this area of the gingiva seems to have a strictly caudocranial orientation; the ability to develop collateral circulation is also limited. Ischemia was significantly increased in the stab wounds set axially over the roots of the incisors. Three and seven days later, the wound surface was considerably larger than that of papillar wounds inflicted at the same level. The attached gingiva appears to be more susceptible to injury over the roots of the lower incisors than in the neighboring papillary regions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Composites versus amalgam: comparative measurements of abrasion resistance in vivo: 1-year results].

A method for the in-vivo measurement of wear resistance of restorative materials is described. A profilometer is used to record the reduction in vertical dimension of the test material's occlusal surface. This loss of substance is calculated as the wear resistance index. The technique was used in a 13 month clinical evaluation of 3 different restorative materials, Adaptic, Amalgam (Dispersalloy) and Estic microfill. The procedure is simple in execution and very accurate. Statistical analysis has shown significant differences in wear resistance of the examined materials independent of patient variation. Attrition and abrasion were definitely greater with a standard composite material (Adaptic) than with amalgam and a test composite (Estic microfill). The newly developed composite material utilizing extremely fine filler particles of pyrogenic SiO2 (Estic microfill) was shown to be comparable to amalgam in wear resistance during the 13-month test period.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Periodontal treatment requirements, motivation and information levels in a groups of 35-year-old Zurich residents].

A representative sample of 35-year old residents of Zurich was examined with the PTN-system to determine their periodontal treatment needs. 8.8% required no periodontal treatment. An additional 7.0% required only oral hygiene instruction and motivation to restore their gingival health. 37.1% of the sample needed removal of marginal irritants. 47.1% of the sample population had periodontal pockets in two or more quadrants, in need of surgical treatment (curettage, flap surgery). Responses to a questionnaire completed by all participants in the study revealed a strong desire on their part to retain their teeth. However, knowledge of periodontal prophylactic measures and individual oral hygiene was inadequate.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Qualitative and quantitative investigations of the skin nerves of patients with psoriasis light- and electronmicroscopical study (author's transl)].

This study was aimed at investigating the role of the nerves in the pathomechanism of psoriasis. The structure of skin nerves of 10 patients with active psoriasis and of 6 healthy control persons has been studied by means of the microscope and the electron-microscope. Eight of the patients were subjected to punch biopsies of psoritatic plaques as well as clinically normal skin. No qualitative difference could be detected between the skin nerves from psoriatic patients and from healthy persons. Quantitative investigations showed that the density of myelinated and unmyelinated axons in psoriatic skin nerves did not differ from that in normal skin nerves in a statistically significant degree. This means that the ratio of myelinated to unmyelinated axons was alike in both normal and psoriatic skin nerves. Also the diameter distribution of myelinated and unmyelinated axons was similar. The difference in the degree of myelinisation and in the myelinperiodicity between psoriatic and control skin was not statistically significant. Neither qualitative nor quantitative morphologic alterations in the skin nerves of psoriatic persons could be detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Abrasion measurements in vivo in occlusal composite and amalgam fillings].

A new method for quantitative measurement of occlusal wear on restorations is described. In a clinical evaluation with four different composites and an amalgam the method proved to be simple in execution and very exact. Statistical analysis after 7 months has shown significant differences in wear resistance of the different materials. The nature of the resulting wear was electron optically examined. Typical structural surface characteristics were observed for each of the different materials. More recently developed composities utilizing extremly small filler particles (Aerosil) seem to be comparable to amalgam in wear resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Prospects for success in systematic periodontal treatments--a review of the literature].

Several short- and long-term studies were reviewed to determine which factors favored successful treatment of periodontal disease. Most of the surgical techniques reduced pocket depth. The modified Widman flap proved to be most favourable for maintenance and regeneration of supporting periodontal tissue in several studies when combined with optimal plaque control (home care) and frequent professional prophylaxis. Supervised oral hygiene measure are decisive in preventing periodontal disease.

Dental Prophylaxis↗
PubMed1977

[The mouse mutant "Jimpy". Animal model of leukodystrophy].

The Jimpy mouse is an x-linked recessive mutation of the house mouse resulting a myelin deficiency in the central nervous system. It is of interest as an animal model of human leukodystrophy. Clinical symptoms include ataxia and tremor as initial signs, followed by tonic-clonic convulsions prefinally. The myelin deficiency is probably caused by a developmental disturbance of the oligodendrogial cell line. Clinical and pathological findings in the mouse mutant Jimpy show some remarkable similarities to Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Polyneuropathy in hypothyroidism. Clinical and nerve biopsy study of 4 cases.

Clinical and sural nerve biopsy findings are described in four hypothyroid patients with manifestations of a diffuse peripheral neuropathy. Clinical examination revealed distal sensory inpairment, complaints of burning and lancinating extremity pains, ataxia and a decrease of deep tendon reflexes with total ankle jerk loss. In one patient, signs of the peripheral neuropathy comprised the leading symptomatology of the underlying metabolic disorder. Light and electron microscopic investigations of the sural nerve biopsies revealed a marked reduction of myelinated fibers, affecting mainly the large myelinated axons. The histograms showed a pathological unimodal spectrum of myelinated fiber diameters. Dystrophic and degenerative changes in axons of all fiber classes and the presence of clusters of thinly myelinated small fibers suggest that neuroaxonal degeneration and incomplete regeneration may represent the major pathogenetic mechanism of the neuropathy in these hypothyroid patients.

Aged↗