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Biomedical subjects

C Mayor

Publications and source records attributed to C Mayor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Benign partial epilepsy of childhood: a longitudinal neuropsychological and EEG study of cognitive function.

The study combined prospective neuropsychological and EEG results of 22 children presenting with typical benign partial epilepsy with rolandic spikes (n=19) and occipital spikes (n=3). The aims were to assess the types of cognitive problems which may be encountered in this population, to evaluate the course of cognitive and learning capacities during the active phase of epilepsy, and to see if there was a correlation with paroxysmal activity on the EEG. Average age at entry in the study was 8.4 years and each child was seen two to four times over a period of 1 to 3 years. EEGs showed persistent spike foci in most cases that worsened in three cases, but there were no continuous spike-waves during sleep. No child had persistent stagnation, marked fluctuations, or a regression in cognitive abilities. Of 22 children, 21 had average IQ (>80). Eight children had school difficulties requiring special adjustment. No single cognitive profile was identified. Four children had delayed language development and eight children had transient weak scores in one isolated domain (verbal, visuospatial, memory) which improved or normalized during the course of the study with concomitant EEG improvement or normalization. In two of the three children with aggravation of the paroxysmal EEG activity, clinical changes were documented. A proportion of children with typical benign partial epilepsy with rolandic spikes showed mild, varied, and transient cognitive difficulties during the course of their epilepsy, and in most cases this probably had a direct relation with the paroxysmal EEG activity.

Child↗
PubMed2000

VISTA : visualizing global DNA sequence alignments of arbitrary length.

SUMMARY: VISTA is a program for visualizing global DNA sequence alignments of arbitrary length. It has a clean output, allowing for easy identification of similarity, and is easily configurable, enabling the visualization of alignments of various lengths at different levels of resolution. It is currently available on the web, thus allowing for easy access by all researchers. AVAILABILITY: VISTA server is available on the web at http://www-gsd.lbl.gov/vista. The source code is available upon request. CONTACT: vista@lbl.gov

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Active conservation of noncoding sequences revealed by three-way species comparisons.

Human and mouse genomic sequence comparisons are being increasingly used to search for evolutionarily conserved gene regulatory elements. Large-scale human-mouse DNA comparison studies have discovered numerous conserved noncoding sequences of which only a fraction has been functionally investigated A question therefore remains as to whether most of these noncoding sequences are conserved because of functional constraints or are the result of a lack of divergence time.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Recognition of a protein fold in the context of the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) classification.

A computational method has been developed for the assignment of a protein sequence to a folding class in the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP). This method uses global descriptors of a primary protein sequence in terms of the physical, chemical, and structural properties of the constituent amino acids. Neural networks are utilized to combine these descriptors in a way to discriminate members of a given fold from members of all other folds. An extensive testing of the method has been performed to evaluate its prediction accuracy. The method is applicable for the fold assignment of any protein sequence with or without significant sequence homology to known proteins. A WWW page for predicting protein folds is available at URL http://cbcg.lbl.gov/.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1999

Plasma glucose alone does not predict neurologic dysfunction in hypoglycemic nondiabetic subjects.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of plasma glucose concentration alone as a predictor of neurologic dysfunction in nondiabetic subjects with normal baseline neurologic examination and electroencephalographic (EEG) findings. METHODS: Neurologic function and EEG results were evaluated in 17 subjects before and during insulin-induced hypoglycemia using relevant and reliable clinical tools for bedside use. RESULTS: Hypoglycemia (mean nadir concentration, 30 mg/dL) was without effect on level of consciousness or cranial nerve, motor, sensory, vestibulocerebellar, language, or simple visuospatial functions. Attention was minimally impaired in all subjects, but memory in only 3. EEG results remained normal in 5 subjects; minimal to moderate nonspecific changes occurred in the rest. All patients manifested signs of sympathetic stimulation from hypoglycemia, including tremor, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. The manifestations of neuroglycopenia did not correlate significantly with nadir plasma glucose or duration of hypoglycemia. CONCLUSION: Moderately severe hypoglycemia of short duration can be neurologically occult, or subtle inattention can be its first and only clinical manifestation. Our findings are at variance with reports in the emergency medicine literature in which marked deficits are universally present at glucose concentrations equal to those attained in this study. This discrepancy suggests that the expression of neuroglycopenia is multifactorially determined and that plasma glucose concentration alone does not predict neurologic dysfunction in nondiabetic subjects with normal baseline neurologic examinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Complementary information from Doppler echocardiography in the electrocardiogram in the basic assessment of chronic coronary heart disease, especially following a myocardial infarct. Observations from an ambulatory cardiology clinic].

In chronic ischemic heart disease, Doppler echocardiography (DE) at rest permits semiquantitative evaluation of scarring and remodelling processes, global ventricular function and, frequently, regional wall motion state. Late complications are detected, namely infarct expansion, true and false ventricular aneurysm, mitral insufficiency, thrombus formation, and associated valvular and aortic diseases are discovered. We studied 100 patients with known chronic coronary artery disease referred for noninvasive evaluation, including electrocardiogram (ECG) and DE. In all patients, the global left-ventricular function was satisfactorily assessable. In roughly two thirds of the documented infarctions. DE confirmed the ECG diagnosis and permitted a more precise diagnosis in the majority of them in terms of localization and/or dimension of the necrosis. In one third of the patients. DE clarified inconclusive ECG tracings. Thus, the baseline noninvasive investigation with ECG and DE is a potent tool in the management of chronic ischemic heart disease, serving as a guide to further investigation and to treatment adjustments.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Risk for definite neuroleptic malignant syndrome. A prospective study in 223 consecutive in-patients.

The occurrence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was studied prospectively in two series of consecutive psychiatric in-patients (n = 223). The first group (n = 120) suffered from schizophrenia and was treated only with haloperidol. The second group (n = 103) was treated with diverse neuroleptics. All patients were on a single antipsychotic agent with no anticholinergic drug as prophylaxis. The incidence of full NMS per admission and first neuroleptic exposure was 5/223 (2.2%). Patients with bipolar affective disorder and those treated with injections were significantly over-represented in the NMS group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[The value of color Doppler studies to conventional cardiac Doppler studies].

Colour Doppler is a recent and important development among non-invasive diagnostic techniques in cardiology. A series of 500 adults has been studied in order to define the contribution made by colour Doppler to conventional Doppler. After elimination of patients with normal echo Doppler studies, colour Doppler contribution has been considered useful in 51% of the cases and was essential in 13%. Main contributions have been noted in valvular regurgitations, multiple valvular lesions, prosthetic valves and congenital cardiopathies. Colour Doppler appears as an useful, but not as an indispensable complement to conventional Doppler in adult cardiology.

Color↗
PubMed1987

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of aortic valve lesions in adults].

Based on a review of the literature and on a personal series of 136 cases the reliability of echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography in demonstrating aortic stenosis and regurgitation and its value for the analysis of aortic valve prosthesis is investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of the effects of propranolol and verapamil in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

The purpose of this study is to compare M-mode echocardiographic and electrocardiographic modifications obtained by short-term therapy (6 weeks) with high doses (480 mg/day) of propranolol or verapamil in six patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Propranolol prevents heart rate acceleration and reduces significantly the echocardiographic obstruction index during provocative testing with isoprenaline, when verapamil doesn't. However verapamil seems to be more able than propranolol to suppress ventricular arrhythmias as demonstrated in Holter monitoring. Evaluation of each patient suffering from hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with echocardiography and 24-hours electrocardiography would permit to better define appropriate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[One- or two-dimensional echocardiography. A comparative study].

A consecutive series of 300 M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms was reviewed retrospectively by 2 independent observers. These tests had been performed in adult patients who were either ambulatory or hospitalized in a community hospital. The diagnostic contribution of two-dimensional echo in comparison to M-mode was nil in three-quarters of the cases; it was rated as important or essential in only 20% of the cases. It is concluded that M-mode echocardiography in adults retains its value in everyday cardiac practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography in evaluating mitral stenosis before and after commissurotomy].

A first group of 51 patients with pure or predominant mitral stenosis underwent M-mode (M) and two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and cardiac catheterization (cath). After elimination of 3 incomplete cases, the series consists of 48 patients. 20 later underwent surgery. Quantitative correlations between M and cath are poor (r = 0.34, p less than 0.05); however, correlations between 2D and cath were excellent (r = 0.89, p less than 0.001). There were 4 major discrepancies between 2D and cath: 3 of these patients were operated upon and surgery confirmed 2D mitral valve area in all of them. 2D had served to diagnose all 6 cases of mitral calcifications seen at surgery; however, M provided 1 false negative and 5 false positive results with regard to diagnosis of calcifications. A second group consisted of 18 patients who had undergone mitral commissurotomy, 8 of these had a pre- and postoperative echocardiography. 10 also underwent postoperative cath. M appeared to be unable to predict correctly the presence or absence of a recurrence of mitral stenosis. Quantitative correlations between diastolic slope and mitral valve area at cath were poor. However, excellent correlations were found between 2D and cath, showing that 2D also serves to measure mitral valve area after commissurotomy.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1980

[Atrial septum defect: comparison of pre-and postsurgery echocardiographic data in adults and children].

Echocardiographic data in 13 adults and 17 children before and after surgical closure of an atrial septum defect are compared. Before surgery the enddiastolic dimension of the right ventricle was bigger in children than in adults. Septal motion was paradoxal or abnormal in 92% of adults and 65% of children (NS). Two weeks after surgery the right ventricle had decreased similarly in adults and in children, but often remained dilated. Septal motion was normal in 25% of adults and 76% of children (p less than 0.01). Four months after surgery, the right ventricle dimension was unchanged; septal motion was normal in all children but only in 50% of adults (p less than 0.005). This remaining abnormal septal motion after surgery may be explicable by the long-standing presence before surgery of a major shunt inducing chronic disturbances of right ventricular compliance.

Adolescent↗