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C Martins

Publications and source records attributed to C Martins.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Treatment acute myocardial infarct in the pre-hospital phase].

The authors review and discuss the medical treatment in the prehospital phase of acute myocardial infarction while working at the Referral Centre for Emergency Patients of the National Institute for Medical Emergencies (CODU-INEM). The diagnosis of myocardial infarction should be suspected immediately by the doctor on duty at CODU-INEM in all patients with acute thoracic pain. Then it is essential to send a medical team to the scene as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms in order to treat and to prevent acute fatal complications.

Cardiotonic Agents↗
PubMed1997

Sebaceous adenitis.

A 32-year-old man had an asymptomatic erythematous, annular and circinate eruption on the face for 2 months. Histologic examination revealed sebaceous lobules surrounded by a lymphomonocytic infiltrate and some areas of necrotic sebocytes. The lesions healed without treatment in 1 month. These clinical features can be observed in "neutrophilic sebaceous adenitis," recently described by Renfro et al. The most striking abnormality is the nearly exclusive perisebaceous distribution of the dermal cellular infiltrate with inflammatory cell permeation of the sebaceous epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cytogenetic characterisation of Warthin's tumour.

Warthin's tumour is a peculiar subtype of monomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands, frequently cystic, and that characteristically associates an epithelial glandular cell component to a dense lymphoid infiltrate. Short-term cultures from 12 Warthin's tumours of salivary glands, including 5 previously reported cases were successfully karyotyped and clonal numerical and/or structural changes were detected in 7 of them (58%). 3 cases showed numerical abnormalities with loss of chromosomes Y (2 cases) and X (1 case). The remaining 4 abnormal cases presented the following structural changes: complex translocation t(11;19;16)(q21;p12;p13.3); reciprocal translocations t(6;8)(p23;q22) and t(6;15)(p21;q15) (2 cases); and 1p22, 3p26, 11p13 changes. In 1 case, clonal numerical deviations (+ 7 and -Y) were concurrent with the structural rearrangement t(6;8). Two of these aberrations are suggested to be Warthin's tumour-associated: 11q;19p translocation has already been described in 3 cases, and structural rearrangements of 6p23 have also been reported in another case. Our study extends the cytogenetic information about Warthin's tumour and identifies two recurrent abnormalities --6p rearrangements and t(11;19)--specific for this salivary neoplasm.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1997

Debulking of skin cancers with radio frequency before cryosurgery.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of prior debulking of skin cancers, by curettage, is to prepare the lesion for cryosurgical treatment. The main inconveniences of that procedure are the nearly always inevitable hemorrhage and the time necessary to control it. METHODS: We performed a study consisting of debulking skin tumors with radiosurgery, prior to cryosurgery, on a series of 38 patients (31 basal cell carcinomas, six squamous cell carcinomas, and one Bowen's disease), meeting the classical indications for cryotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The advantages of the latter procedure over the traditional debulking by curettage are: the time needed to perform a biopsy, with easy and fast control of the bleeding, is considerably shortened; the whole procedure can be easily performed in one single session; the required surgical material also is greatly reduced; and the treatment can be performed on an out-patient regimen.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A nonbalanced translocation (10;16) demonstrated by FISH analysis in a case of alveolar adenoma of the lung.

Short-term cultures from an alveolar adenoma of the lung were cytogenetically examined. Of the 54 metaphases studied, 44 were characterized by an apparently normal karyotype and 10 showed a pseudodiploid karyotype: 46,XX,add(16)(q24). Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies permitted identification of the add(16)(q24) as a der(16)t(10;16)(q23;q24). This is the first report of a chromosomal aberration in an alveolar adenoma of the lung.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

Malignant salivary gland neoplasms: a cytogenetic study of 19 cases.

A group of 19 malignant salivary gland neoplasms of various histological types (mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma, ductal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified and undifferentiated carcinoma) were cytogenetically investigated. Previous karyotypic information revealed deletion of the long arm of chromosome 6, loss of chromosome Y and the gain of chromosome 8 as the most recurrent deviations found in these neoplasms. Clonal chromosome aberrations were detected in 11 cases of this series. In 7 of them there were only numerical deviations (gain of chromosomes 2, 7, 8, 10 and X and loss of chromosomes 18, 21 and Y) without concomitant structural anomalies. Structural rearrangements such as t(2;7), t(6;16), t(6;9) and t(1;1) translocations were found in two mucoepidermoid carcinomas, one adenoid cystic carcinoma and one ductal carcinoma, respectively. The wide spectrum of changes found in this group of neoplasms may reflect the diversity in their histogenesis and differentiation phenotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Maternal perception of cause, signs and severity of diarrhoea in a suburban west African community.

With the aim of investigating perceived morbidity and care seeking behaviour, a household survey was conducted, where 319 episodes of diarrhoea were followed by interviews every second day. The chance of consultation increased with the number of symptoms reported by the mother. The appearance of the eyes and how the child breastfed were early warnings that mothers recognized best. By contrast, there was an 80% reduction in the likelihood of seeking consultation when the mother perceived the diarrhoea as caused by teeth eruption (n = 96). Children with "teething diarrhoea" were, however, just as likely to develop signs of dehydration as children with non-teething diarrhoea. We conclude that health education concerning diarrhoea should emphasize early signs of dehydration and the discouragement of "teething" as an explanation of natural diarrhoea.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1996

Calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate. 1. Potential role as a phosphate binder in uremia: in vitro study.

The binding capacity of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (calcium HMB), compared to other binders, was investigated in an in vitro study. Fifty milliequivalents of either calcium HMB, calcium acetate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide gel or non-gel aluminum hydroxide was added to a phosphate solution, titrated (HCl or NaOH), shaken and centrifuged to four different pH levels at 37 degrees C (simulating the gastrointestinal milieu). The difference in phosphate concentration between that of the initial and that of the supernatant represented from the bound phosphate in the precipitate. After 4 h at a pH of 6 (representing the intestinal condition after a meal), the binding percentage was: calcium acetate = 95.6%, calcium HMB = 92.6%, calcium carbonate = 46.4%, aluminum hydroxide gel = 33.4% and non-gel aluminum hydroxide = 17.8%. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between calcium HMB and calcium acetate. These results suggest that calcium HMB is an efficient phosphate binder in vitro, which may predict its effective role in vivo.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Benign salivary gland tumors: a cytogenetic study of 21 cases.

Cytogenic findings of 21 benign salivary gland tumors, including 14 pleomorphic adenomas, 5 Warthin's tumors, 1 myoepithelioma, and 1 cystadenoma, are reported. The present study confirms that pleomorphic adenomas characteristically have highly specific rearrangements involving only a few chromosome regions (3p21, 8q12 and 12q13-15) which suggests their specific role in the mixed tumor genesis. Warthin's tumors also show non-random numerical and structural alterations that were concurrent in one of the cases studied. To our knowledge no cytogenetic data are available in myoepitheliomas and cystadenomas. The former reveals a normal karyotype and the latter shows only clonal numerical alterations (gain of chromosomes 2 and 18).

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1993

[Assessment of arterial occlusive disease with Duplex sonography. Prospective study].

Occlusive disease involving the renal arteries represent a major cause of curable hypertension and improvement of renal dysfunction. Angiography is still the major diagnostic procedure. Isotopic methods with Captopril and split-function studies have shown high incidence of false-positive and false-negative results. Colour flow Duplex-Scan renders possible the visualization of the aorta and renal arteries, is noninvasive and combines morphologic and hemodynamic evaluation. To assess its efficacy in the diagnosis of renal artery occlusive disease, a prospective blind study was undertaken in 24 patients, 48 renal arteries, 15 women and 9 men, with mean age of 44 years. Scans of the aorta and renal arteries at the origin, along its extension and at the renal hilum were obtained using and ATL Ultrmark 9 with 3.0 MHZ probe Velocity measurements were obtained at the aorta and along the renal arteries. Criteria for a positive examination were: focal acceleration with a reduction of the flow velocity at the hilum. Absence of flow in a properly visualized renal artery was considered as occlusion. All patients had digital subtraction arteriography. In 1 patient the non-invasive examination was inadequate. In the remain 23 patients the exam was considered adequate. False-positives were 4.8%; false-negatives 8.7%. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were respectively 91.7%, and 95.7% and 93.5%. These results suggest that non-invasive assessment of renal artery occlusive disease is feasible and accurate when compared to angiography, thus providing a useful tool for screening hypertensive patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A Portuguese/Brazilian study of Expressed Emotion.

Expressed Emotion is a measure of family interaction, widely used in studies around the world to predict relapse in severe psychiatric disorders. The instrument was originally developed in London. It depends on subtle vocal nuances emerging in the course of the Camberwell Family Interview (CFI). The extent to which these can be picked up in different languages and different cultures is an interesting question. This paper presents the results of a study of EE from Brazil. The two raters achieved good reliability with master tapes in English, and the CFI was then translated into Portuguese. The raters also showed good reliability in Portuguese. This is at least consistent with the idea that similar behaviours can be picked up in different languages and cultures. Twenty nine relatives of 24 patients with schizophrenia were interviewed using the CFI. It was predicted that high Expressed Emotion would be rare in Brazil, a developing country. In fact, 59% of relatives were rated as high EE. Unlike studies from fully industrialized nations this high level of high EE was largely due to over-involvement. Our findings suggest both contextual and cultural influences on the relative salience of the different components of EE, a theme worth pursuing.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Prevalence of extracranial carotid occlusive disease. Non-invasive study].

Cerebrovascular disease is the most important cause of mortality and morbility in some European Countries, but the prevalence of carotid occlusive disease has not been adequately assessed. From 1985 to 1987, 1,143 patients were consecutively evaluated in the Vascular Laboratory in order to determine the presence of extracranial carotid occlusive disease. 638 (55.8%) were males and 505 (44.2%) females and mean age was 58 years (16-87). 509 had previously focal brain ischemia, ocular and/or hemispheric (Group I), 78 had assymptomatic cervical bruit (Group II), 55 non-hemispheric neurologic dysfunction (Group III) and 501 had atypical symptoms for cerebrovascular disease (Group IV). Diagnostic criteria for carotid disease: were peak frequency greater than 4.0 KHz; spectral broadening greater than 40% and late sysstolic turbulence. Global prevalence of carotid disease was 31.8% and the results in each group were: Gr. I-37.2%; Gr. II-57.7%; Gr. III-43.6%; Gr. IV-21.2%. 49% of the patients had hypertension, 22.8% dyslipidemia, 22.4% evidence of coronary disease and 13.6% had diabetes. Hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease and the coexistence of two risk factors were significantly more prevalent in the group of patients with carotid disease. These results confirm a high prevalence of carotid disease in this population, which is comparable to the one is northern european populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructural studies of acantholysis induced in vivo by passive transfer of IgG from endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem).

Intraperitoneal (IP) injections of IgG from patients with Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus [Fogo Selvagem (FS)] cause acantholysis in BALB/c mice (JID. 85:538, 1985). The dynamic ultrastructural changes of FS IgG-induced acantholysis in mice are the subject of this study. FS IgG was injected IP into neonatal BALB/c mice. Skin and serum was studied at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h post injection by immunofluorescence (IF), electron microscopy (EM), and immuno-EM. Binding of FS IgG in the intercellular spaces (ICS) of the basal cell layer was seen by IF within 1 h and was strongest at 12 h. IgG binding affected the spinous and granular cell layer by 12 h, then faded and remain localized only in the basal cell layer at 24 h. By immuno-EM, IgG binding was diffuse along the keratinocyte surface. Edema of the ICS in the basal cell layer was present at 1 h by EM. At 12 h, there was microvillous formation with intact desmosomes at the tip of the projections. Splitting of desmosomes (forming half desmosomes) and acantholysis primarily affecting the granular cell layer were most prominent between 12 and 24 h. The plaques of the half desmosomes gradually disappeared and tonofilaments retracted into the cytoplasm. Detaching keratinocytes showed vacuolization, swollen mitochondria, and internalization of intact desmosomes and half desmosomes (remnants of split desmosomes). This investigation shows that the ultrastructural changes observed in the epidermis of patients with FS can be duplicated in experimental animals by IP injection of FS IgG. Further, FS IgG may have direct effects on the assembly/disassembly of desmosomes.

Acantholysis↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical methods for evaluating infarct size and its anatomic correlations. Study carried out in 193 cases. III. Comparison of data on the evaluation of the infarct size using the QRS score and a method of maximal creatine kinase determination in the serum].

AIMS: To compare two methods concerning the clinical evaluation of infarct size--one using a QRS score, the other based on peak Ck values--applied to the same population. CONCEPT AND PLACE OF THE STUDY: to determine--based on previously established correlations between a QRS score and the anatomic total infarct size on one hand, and between the peak CK values and the anatomic recent infarct size on the other hand--which myocardial infarction subgroup constitutes the best indication for each method. The study took place in a Coronary Care Unit of a Central Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 193 patients who died successively of acute myocardial infarction through out 4 years were studied. After establishing the exclusion critéria, the QRS score was calculated according to the method of Selvester modified by Wagner, and peak CK values were evaluated. Infarct size, either recent or old, was determined by means of an anatomical method developed by the authors and based on Hackel's and Alonso's previous works. Correlations were established between data from each clinical method and those from the anatomical method. Several myocardial infarction subgroups were considered for comparison of the correlations found in each subset. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: As long as QRS score was regarded, significant correlations were found between the evaluation by QRS score and anatomical infarct size in the subgroups of patients with severe pump failure, prior myocardial infarction, or total loss of ventricular muscle mass of at least 20 percent; however, a significant correlation was missing when the whole myocardial infarction group was taken into consideration. When peak CK value were considered, a weak significant correlation was found between the evaluation by enzyme determination and anatomical infarct size in the whole group of patients, but a stronger correlation was present in the subgroups of patients with survival longer than 24 hours, anterior wall myocardial infarction, free wall cardiac rupture, or first acute myocardial infarction. In conclusion the choice of the method to be used in the clinical evaluation of infarct size should take into account the type of population beeing studied, and follow the results obtained in different myocardial infarction subgroups as mentioned above.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1989

Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem).

Fogo selvagem presents our specialty with a unique situation. The disease is fundamentally identical to the pemphigus foliaceus that we are familiar with in North America, but there is impressive epidemiologic and circumstantial evidence that an environmental factor is producing this highly specific autoimmune phenomenon. If one can define this factor and investigate the mechanisms operative in the promotion of the disease, one would develop major new insights into both the normal function of the immune system and the specific disease state. Implications for understanding other autoimmune diseases are also obvious. However, to overcome the difficult logistics of studying these patients by modern techniques presents a formidable task. Hopefully, with the cooperation of interested investigators in both Brazil and the United States, these problems can be overcome.

Brazil↗