Biomedical subjects

C Martinoli

Publications and source records attributed to C Martinoli.

93 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[The index of left and right diastolic ventricular filling with 2D Doppler echocardiography in normal children].

Cross-sectional echocardiographic and Doppler studies were performed to study early and late diastolic inflow velocities transmitral and transtricuspid. The study group consisted of 50 normal subjects. Age varied from 5 hours to 17 years (x: 22 m). The measurements made were E/A ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time of the left ventricle, acceleration and deceleration time. Transmitral E/A ratio is higher than 1 since newborn period, increasing with age (newborn: 1.25 +/- 0.27 over 2 years of age: 1.79 +/- 0.35), and related to increase of "E" wave velocity (newborn: 0.67 +/- 0.09.m/s and over 2 years of age: 0.98 +/- 0.21 m/s). There is also a higher acceleration time (newborn: 50 +/- 10 m/s) and over 6 years of age 130 +/- 30 m/sec; isovolumetric relaxation time of the left ventricle (newborn: 60 +/- 10 msec vs. over 6 years of age: 80 +/- 20 msec). The E/A transtricuspid ratio is lower than 1 in the newborn (0.71 +/- 0.08) and (0.97 +/- 0.32) in infants less than 6 months of age; it is higher than 1 between 6 months and 2 years (1.17 +/- 0.33) and increasing in the group of six years of age and older (1.5 +/- 0.28), due to the higher velocity of "E" (newborn 0.47 +/- 0.07 m/s in relation to 6 years and older group (0.77 +/- 0.08 m/s). There is also an increase of acceleration time with aging (newborn: 50 +/- 10 msec and over six: 70 +/- 10 msec) and deceleration time (newborn: 60 +/- 10 msec and over six: 120 +/- 40 msec). The "A" wave velocities have been similar in the tricuspid and transmitral inflow, with progressive increasing since newborn period up to 2 years of age and decreasing over 6 years of age.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Magnetic resonance imaging of the small intestine and colon in Crohn's disease].

Three normal volunteers and 20 patients with known Crohn's disease were examined with MRI--at 0.5 Tesla and with a superconductive magnet. Coronal T1-weighted GE images were mainly acquired, before and after i.v. Gd-DTPA injection in breath hold (TR 70 ms, TE 13 ms, FA 70 degrees). MR findings were compared with the results of small and large bowel enema. In 6 patients (30%) the abnormal loops were missed. In the other 14 patients (70%) MRI did depict the affected loops in the same sites as depicted by conventional radiography. The bowel wall was thickened (4-10 mm) in all patients. In 10 patients the thickened wall was markedly enhanced after Gd-DTPA injection. In 6 patients MRI demonstrated disease complications--i.e., stenoses, fistulae and abscesses--missed by conventional radiography. In 7 patients MRI showed the bowel to be more involved than demonstrated by conventional studies. Bowel wall thickening appeared to be a constant and reliable sign of disease. Wall enhancement was a less frequent sign but, when present, it was considered as characteristic as wall thickening. In the staging of Crohn's disease, MRI yields more pieces of information than conventional radiography and depicts the involvement of the intestinal wall and of its surrounding spaces.

Colon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Long biceps brachii instability. Role of ultrasonography].

INTRODUCTION: Dislocation of the long head of biceps tendon, including subluxation to displacement out of the bicipital groove, is an uncommon cause of shoulder pain. We investigated the role of US in the diagnosis of this condition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined eight patients with dislocation of the long head of biceps tendon: seven had a displaced, and one a subluxated tendon. All patients had early radiographic and US studies of the shoulder; then, three (37%) were submitted to CT-arthrography and two (25%) to MRI. US was performed at 7.5-13 MHz frequency, CT-arthrography with a volumetric acquisition technique and MRI with a surface coil at 1.5 T. Three patients with tendon dislocation had surgical confirmation of the diagnosis. RESULTS: Dislocation of the long head of biceps tendon was always diagnosed with US in all our eight patients; CT-arthrography and MRI confirmed the US findings. In the patient with subluxation of the long head of biceps tendon, US showed the tendon displaced over the lesser tuberosity whereas, in the 7 cases of complete luxations, the groove was empty and the tendon displaced medially. At CT-arthrography, the tendon was well outlined by contrast medium within its sheath. In dislocations, it was close to the anterior aspect of the humeral head. In two cases of dislocation, MRI showed both the empty bicipital sulcus and the medial tendon displacement. The subscapularis tendon tear was always associated with tendon dislocation; a supraspinatus tendon tear was observed in 6 cases. CONCLUSIONS: When imaging a painful shoulder, we should investigate the integrity and course of the long head of biceps tendon. In clinical practice, dislocation of this tendon can be reliably diagnosed with US. CT-arthrography and MRI should be used only to supplement inconclusive US studies.

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