Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to C Martin.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Nicotine gum and lipid profile].

Smoking promotes for atherosclerosis by several mechanisms and particularly its actions on lipid metabolism; nicotine liability is well established. In one patient the use of nicotine-gum was reported to increase total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. We studied lipid modifications in 14 voluntary students, heavy smokers (greater than 20 cigarettes/day) and nicotine dependent (Fagerström test; score greater than 7). They gave up smoking and received in double blind study either 2 mg nicotine-gum, or placebo-gum (8-12 gums a day for one month). Total and HDL cholesterol (chol.), triglycerides (TG) were measured at day 0, day 30 and day 60. Giving up smoking was ascertained by CO-analyser. At day 30 total chol and TG were unmodified, and HDL chol appeared slightly increased. At day 60 HDL and LDL chol were significantly improved. So in nicotine-dependent smokers, by giving up smoking and receiving 2 mg nicotine-gum, lipid patterns are not worsened but improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cholesteatoma and labyrinthine fistula].

43 cases of large labyrinthic fistulas caused by a cholesteatoma of the middle ear were studied (33 External Semi-circular Canal fistulas, 4 External Semi-circular Canal amputations with opening of the vestibule, 3 of the promontory, 2 of the oval window, 1 of the Semi-circular Canal). The audiometric, preoperative, radiological data was analyzed. The radiological exam is often disappointing for the average-sized fistulas. Preoperative labyrinthization is moderate for External Semi-circular Canal fistulas and even for certain vestibular amputations; it is often incomplete in the other locations. Systematic exeresis of the cholesteatoma matrix is recommended by the authors, at least for the External Semi-circular Canal fistulas as it is not generally accompanied by aggravation of the bony curve. In the other locations, surprising auditory preservations were observed. In conclusion, the presence of External Semi-circular Canal fistulas should not be a counter-indication for carrying out a ossiculoplasty.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1989

[Peroperative radiotherapy and cancer of the base of tongue. Technic, indications and preliminary results].

This study involved 15 patients suffering from large volume squamous carcinomas of the base of the tongue, who were likely to benefit from curative therapy (tumours graded T3, T4, N0, N1, N2, TNM UICC 1987). In 13 patients, treatment included transmaxillary bucco-pharyngectomy (TMBP) carried out either as first intention (10 cases), or as a second stage procedure after radiotherapy (3 cases). 2 patients underwent total laryngectomy with secondary basi-glossectomy. Per-operative radiotherapy was performed on the basi-lingual resection site, delivering a boost of 15 to 20 Gy using adapted localisers. A pectoralis major musculo-cutaneous flap procedure was carried out for the TMBP. Post-operative external radiotherapy to the tumour zone for patients treated as first intention was limited to 50 Gy with a boost of 15 Gy to the cervical lymphatic clearance wound in the event of capsular rupture. The aim of this method was to deliver an elective basi-lingual boost allowing better loco-regional control, while reducing the complications of high dose external oro-pharyngeal irradiation. The technique (reliability-tolerance) and the preliminary results are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the translocation between chromosomes X and 18 in human synovial sarcomas.

Recent studies have identified a specific chromosomal translocation, t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2), in a high proportion of human synovial sarcomas. As a first step towards characterizing the X;18 translocation we have established a synovial sarcoma cell line. Fusion of this cell line to mouse RAG cells gave rise to somatic cell hybrids that contain the derivative (X) marker chromosome in the absence of other genetic material from chromosomes 18 and X. Southern analysis of DNA from these somatic cell hybrids demonstrated that the human X chromosome markers DXS94, DXS14, DXZ1 and DXS62 were retained. In contrast DXS7, GAPDP1, ARAF1, DXS146 were not consistently present in the hybrids indicating that these markers were on the region of the X chromosome replaced by part of the long arm of chromosome 18 during the generation of the X;18 translocation. The predicted position of the translocation relative to X chromosome markers is DXS7-DXS146-X; 18-DXS14-DXZ1-DXS94.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1989

[Deafness surgery in adults. The growing role of improved local anesthesia].

As deafness surgery is subject to the two imperatives of safety and reduction of bleeding, local anaesthesia constitutes a very satisfactory solution. The concomitant administration of Midazolam and Buprenorphine relaxes the patient and ensures analgesia and anterograde amnesia, allowing the surgeon to operate under excellent conditions. Over the last 6 months, except in one subject under the age of 16 years and one psychologically very fragile patient, all surgical operations for deafness, regardless of their importance, have been performed under local anaesthesia improved by means of diazanalgesia. It is probable that in the future, numerous cophosurgeons will adopt a similar protocol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Independent dressing after spinal cord injury: a functional time evaluation.

Functional skill independence is generally defined as the ability to perform a functional task. The time required for completion, however, is usually not a major consideration. Postdischarge follow-up interviews indicated that patients do not always continue to perform all reacquired functional skills that were considered important rehabilitation goals. A pilot study was done to look at the skill of dressing independently to determine if time was a factor in the decision to retain, modify, or completely delegate this activity. Ten patients with C6-level quadriplegia, who were capable of self-dressing at discharge, participated in the study. They were timed for dressing at home. Although all ten patients were capable of dressing independently within one hour, none did so routinely. "Too much time and too much work" were the reasons stated. The implication is that a functional skill must be accomplished within the individual's concept of an appropriate time and/or energy framework in order to be considered truly functional.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Antibiotic sensitivity of 32 strains of Stomatococcus mucilaginosus in oral medicine patients in community practice].

Susceptibility to eleven antibiotics of 32 strains of Stomatococcus mucilaginosus isolated from gingival or dental samples in patients who are nor hospitalized nor receiving antibiotics since six months was tested by diffusion and MIC. 12.5% of strains were resistant to macrolides and lincosamides. This result is significantly different from the result obtained with strains isolated from patients hospitalized for chronic pulmonary problems (36%). This resistance to antibiotics could be due to selection pressure as shown by the high incidence of resistant strains in antibiotic treated patients.

Dentistry↗
PubMed1988

The peptide toxin of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7941. Isolation and analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance and fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy.

Toxin was obtained from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7941 by extracting freeze-dried cells with water-saturated, acidified n-butanol, diethyl ether-water distribution, reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and silica high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two toxic peptide fractions resulted from HPLC. One of these fractions was analyzed by UV and NMR spectroscopy, amino acid analysis and fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy. The following amino acid analysis and fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy. The following amino acids were identified: beta-methyl-Asp, Thr, Glu, Ala, Val, Leu, Phe, Arg, N-methyldehydro-Ala and 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid. Yet the mass spectroscopic data showed that the fraction was still composed of several, most likely cyclic peptides that did not stain with ninhydrin.

Amino Acids↗