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Biomedical subjects

C Marche

Publications and source records attributed to C Marche.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Peliosis hepatis and sinusoidal dilation during infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). An ultrastructural study.

The description of hepatic sinusoidal lesions in a significant number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients prompted the authors to undertake an ultrastructural study of the sinusoidal barrier abnormalities during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, in order to compare these lesions with those described in other conditions and to discuss their possible origin. In a series of 29 patients with serologic evidence of HIV infection and liver abnormalities, 8 (28%) had sinusoidal lesions. Peliosis hepatis was present in 2 cases, and sinusoidal dilatation in 6. These patients were classified as follows: 3 AIDS, 4 AIDS-related complex, 1 unclassifiable. Ultrastructural lesions of the sinusoidal barrier were observed in all the cases. They closely mimicked the changes previously reported in peliotic and peliotic-like changes of various origins. A striking particularity was, however, the presence of numerous and hyperplastic sinusoidal macrophages. This work suggests that an injury of the endothelial cells, directly or indirectly related to the presence of HIV, may be incriminated in the pathogenesis of sinusoidal lesions during HIV infection.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Mycobacterium simiae and Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare mixed infection in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome was diagnosed in a 43-year-old man, born and living in Congo. The patient presented a disseminated infection caused by mycobacteria which were recovered from blood, jejunal fluid, and duodenal and rectal biopsies. Identification, according to conventional tests and mycolate profile determination, showed that Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare and M. simiae were both involved.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Digestive manifestations in acquired immunodeficiency disease].

Digestive manifestations of AIDS were studied retrospectively in 87 patients with respect to clinical, microbiological, endoscopic and histological data. Chronic or intermittent diarrhea was observed in 62 p. 100 of patients and frequently associated with major weight loss. The digestive opportunistic infections were: oesophageal candidiasis (42 p. 100), cryptosporidiosis (24 p. 100), cytomegalovirus infections (22 p. 100), isosporiasis (3.4 p. 100), atypical mycobacteriosis (2.2 p. 100), toxoplasmosis (2.2 p. 100). Thirty non-opportunistic agents were detected in 26 patients. Gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma occurred in 18 p. 100 of cases. The etiology of diarrhea remained unknown in 16 p. 100 of patients. The value of endoscopy is discussed: esophagogastroduodenal fibroscopy, is usually required to assess oesophageal candidiasis, colonoscopy is required to assess cytomegalovirus colitis on histological data.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Eosinophilic granulomatous hepatitis. Apropos of 3 cases].

The authors report three cases of eosinophilic granulomatous hepatitis observed among 325 liver puncture biopsies. The patients had urinary bilharziasis and had just been treated with oltipraz. These cases were probably due to eosinophilic reactions which sometimes follow treatment of schistosomiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Fibro-inflammatory polyp with eosinophilic infiltration. Apropos of 3 cases of gastric polyps].

We report three cases of inflammatory fibroid polyp of the stomach (Helwig's pseudo-tumour) and record 127 patients in the literature. The anatomo-clinical features of such a disease are analysed and the larger outline of eosinophilic infiltrations of the gastro intestinal tract are described. Most of the authors class the gastric nodular eosinophilic granuloma as the Helwig's pseudo-tumour, but they are not so unanimous for the exact relationship between inflammatory fibroid polyp and the eosinophilic gastroenteritis. For Helwig, they are two distinct conditions, but for others, they belong to the same anatomo-clinical entity, with a broad diversity of morphological features.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Adrenal lesions in AIDS: anatomopathological study].

Systematic autopsy studies of 100 patients with AIDS confirmed a high incidence of adrenal lesions. Eighty eight cases were analysed, 79 men and 9 women; 57 had opportunist infection alone, 6 had Kaposi sarcomas and 30 had an association of both pathologies. The adrenal glands were normal in 19 cases and abnormal in 64 cases. One case has non-specific spongiocytic depletion and 4 were uninterpretable because of necrosis. The main adrenocortical changes were inflammatory (N = 37) or necrotic (N = 22). The commonest sites were in the adrenal medulla in the cortex or at the cortico-medullary junction. There was a high incidence of cytomegalic inclusion bodies (44 cases). In 7 cases specific lesions were observed; cryptococcus (1), toxoplasmosis (1), tuberculosis (2), Kaposi (3). Adrenal insufficiency was diagnosed before death in only 3 cases.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

AIDS subacute encephalitis. Identification of HIV-infected cells.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA and proteins were detected in the brains of several AIDS patients with subacute encephalitis, by in situ hybridization and immunohistology. The majority of infected cells were mononucleated and bore processes. Using single and double immunohistologic procedures, the authors identified these cells as macrophages. The majority of them had the phenotype of microglial cells (Leu-M3-, CD4-), others were labeled with markers of circulating macrophages (Leu-M3+, CD4+/-). The presence of HIV RNA and proteins in CD4- cells could be explained by depressed CD4 antigen expression, as a result of infection or macrophage tissue differentiation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

LAV-like viral particles in lymph node germinal centers in patients with the persistent lymphadenopathy syndrome and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex: an ultrastructural study of 30 cases.

The detection of LAV- or HTLV III-type viral particles in lymph node germinal centers from patients with the persistent lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) or the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex (ARC) is an important diagnostic factor in the prodromal stages of AIDS. These particles, the morphology of which is defined, are situated solely in the extracellular spaces delimited by cytoplasmic extensions of the dendritic reticular cells. Often few in number, they were found in 26 of the 30 lymph nodes studied, selected uniquely on the basis of light microscopic criteria (predominantly follicular lymphoid hyperplasia). The four negative nodes contained no, or fewer than two, germinal centers in the samples taken for ultrastructural study. The diagnosis of the LAS or the ARC was always confirmed clinically and biologically. Thus, lymph node biopsy and the corresponding ultrastructural study are important steps in the diagnosis of AIDS.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

[Immunopathologic study of the persistent lymphadenopathies related to LAV-HTLV III infection].

The authors describe the immunopathological findings in the different histopathological types. In type IA, the most important findings are disruption of the network of the intrafollicular dendritic cells, progressive atrophy of the mantle zone as shown with anti-delta antibody, the progressive diminution of the number of CD4 cells first in the germinative centres then in the extrafollicular areas, the progressive increase of CD8 cells first in the germinative centres, the presence of a severe B cells hyperplasia which is polytypic. In type II, the most important findings are the global decrease of T cells predominantly of CD4 cells. These alterations of the repartition of B and T cells is highly suggestive in type IA for LAV infection. These findings have some interest for the understanding of the physiopathology of the disease.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

Thymic epithelium in AIDS. An immunohistologic study.

The authors investigated by immunofluorescence the thymic epithelium from AIDS patients, using several structural and functional markers of this tissue. In AIDS thymus, the epithelial reticular pattern was lost; and instead, clusters of round or spindle-shaped cells (assessed by their keratin content) were found. In addition, regions of epithelial necrosis, with loss of cell limits, were frequently observed. Thymulin content was decreased, and a partial loss of differentiation antigens of the thymic epithelium was also detected. The authors showed the presence of immunoglobulins and elements of the complement system directly bound to AIDS thymic epithelium, but not in any of the controls studied, including thymuses from patients who died after a long period of agony. These data suggest that the thymic epithelium can be included among the target tissues in AIDS, possibly by an indirect mechanism of autoimmune destruction.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Histopathologic aspects of adenopathies in the persistent adenopathy syndrome and AIDS-related syndromes].

The histopathological modifications of the lymph nodes are studied in patients at risk for AIDS, LAV positive, with the lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) or the ARC. Three different types are described: type IA, with predominantly a severe follicular hyperplasia, type IB with angiofollicular hyperplasia or Castleman disease like lesions, type II with angioimmunoblastic like lesions. In type IA, the modifications of the follicles are the most important histological modification (atrophy of the mantle zone, germinative centres lymphoid infiltrate). These lesions are non specific. But associated to modifications of the deep cortical area and the sinuses they are highly suggestive of the diagnosis of LAV infection. A correlation is shown between evolution and histopathological lesions. The lymph node biopsy in patients at risk for AIDS is useful for the diagnosis and also the prognosis.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

[Digestive system lesions in relation to AIDS. Diagnostic value].

The histopathological study of the digestive mucosae has a great diagnostic value. It appreciates lymphoid tissue; it may suggest AIDS when it discloses rare inflammatory or tumoral lesions; it may disclose an infectious and/or Kaposi sarcoma lesion which may be the first manifestation of AIDS in a seropositive LAV patient or may be an additional lesion in a patient known to have AIDS. The autopsies have shown the spread of the extension and the evolution of these lesions. The discussion of the histopathological lesions must always include the extra-digestive localisations as well as the "non opportunistic" associated infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Hepatic, biliary and pancreatic lesions in LAV-HTLV III infection].

We believe it is important to underscore: The frequency and variety of the lesions, mainly within the liver but also of the biliary tract and the pancreas, which may reveal an inaugural complication of AIDS. The interest of the vascular lesions, mainly of the sinusoids as well as the various associated lesions due to pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi) and/or to toxic drugs. The physiopathology and histogenesis of the lesions are still obscure. Both the lesions of the hepatocytes and these of the sinusoids are poorly understood, and it is reasonable to discuss the role of various pathogens, such as viruses, peculiarly Epstein Barr and moreover LAV-HTLVIII viruses.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

[Hepatic involvement in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Study of 20 cases].

Liver biopsies were systematically performed in 20 patients with evidence of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (18 with opportunistic infections, 9 with Kaposi's sarcoma). Hepatitis, related to hepatitis-B virus in 3 cases and to cytomegalovirus in 3 cases, was present in 6 of them. All patients had at least one of the three following lesions: non-specific portal inflammatory infiltration (6 cases), granulomatous lesions (12 cases), vascular abnormalities (12 cases). Among hepatic granulomatous lesions: 3 were due to acid-fast bacilli and 1 to Cryptococcus. Sinusoidal abnormality included proliferation of Küpffer cells (9 cases), sinusoidal dilatation (2 cases), peliosis (4 cases) and Kaposi's sarcoma (1 case). A relationship between these abnormalities cannot be excluded.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗