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Biomedical subjects

C Manfredi

Publications and source records attributed to C Manfredi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Smoking-related behavior, beliefs, and social environment of young black women in subsidized public housing in Chicago.

Survey data indicate that young Black female smokers living in public housing are heavier smokers and have weaker motivation to quit, health beliefs and social environment less conducive to cessation, and less knowledge of where to get help to quit than other young Black female smokers in metropolitan Chicago. Compared with White women, the latter, other Black women smoke fewer cigarettes daily and have a stronger desire to quit and more concern about health reasons for quitting, but have a weaker belief in the risk of lung cancer from smoking, greater concern about quitting difficulties, and less knowledge of where to get help to quit. Low education, not race, is associated with higher smoking prevalence and less social pressure to quit or support for quitting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Use of lay health educators for smoking cessation in a hard-to-reach urban community.

A description of the use of indigenous lay health educators as they participated in the implementation of a community-based smoking cessation program is provided. The target population was young black women who resided in several urban public housing developments. The intervention, which was conducted in tandem with a larger televised smoking cessation program, consisted of either class sessions conducted by or reminder visits from community lay health educators. The lay health educators were successful in organizing this population, often viewed as difficult to reach, to become more aware of the dangers of smoking and to become more interested in participating in a structured smoking cessation program. They motivated 235 individuals to sign up for the program; of these, 141 attended at least one class session or accepted at least an initial reminder visit. The results suggest that lay health educators may be able to mobilize this population to participate in health promotion programs. However, due to differences in this population related to smoking, the findings indicate that new methods must be developed for sustaining their involvement after they have been reached.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Curricula of doctoral programs in nursing.

Each doctoral program possesses unique features that reflect the special characteristics of the faculty, the environment, and the students of its respective institution. This study focused more narrowly on the formalized structure of programs of study available in printed literature which does not fully capture the richness of doctoral education. While most doctoral programs in this country appear to possess curricular elements of quality previously identified by AACN with respect to curricular issues in the areas of research, theory construction, and philosophy, there was much more variation in the curricular content focusing on areas of substantive nursing knowledge, and data management, tools, and technology.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Results of an intervention to improve compliance with referrals for evaluation of suspected malignancies at neighborhood public health centers.

A study was conducted at Neighborhood Health Centers to evaluate procedures to improve compliance with referrals of patient at risk for cancer. Intervention consisted of a standardized communication from the exit nurse, a patient form to be returned after compliance, and one written and one telephone reminder as needed. Compliance was 68.2 percent in a control group and 89.0 percent among patients who received the experimental intervention, a significant increase of 20.8 percent (95% CI: 12.5, 29.1).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of topical application in vivo of preparations consisting of fluoride and strontium on human teeth].

The effect of the topical application of fluoride and strontium on dental enamel has been studied. 30 subjects were split into two groups, all of whom had to have their first superior premolars extracted. One of the two premolars to be extracted was treated with three applications of APF gel in the first group, and with a series of topical applications of SrCl2 at 0.2% and EDTA at 10% in the second group. The results obtained show a significant increase in the concentration of trace elements in enamel of the treated teeth, the increase being of 0.23 and 0.05 mcg/mcm for the fluoride in the most superficial and in the deepest respectively of the observed strata. In the control teeth the average concentrations of fluoride resulted in 0.08 mcg/mcm on the surface and in depth, while the strontium showed an average concentration of 0.03 mcg/mcm. Similar behaviour was observed for the depth of biting resulting in an average of 6.8 mcm in the two groups of treated samples and of 11.4 and 9.7 mcm for the controls, respectively. The results confirm the usefulness of topical treatments and should stimulate further investigations of the problem mainly for the evaluation in the long run of the benefits and the efficacy of treatments integrating the two active principles.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doctoral programs in nursing: philosophy, curricula, and program requirements.

This study examined the philosophy, curricula, and program requirements of doctoral nursing programs in the United States. Forty-four doctoral nursing programs were solicited by mail and information about doctoral nursing programs was obtained. Of the programs, 31 offer the doctor of philosophy degree, 11 the doctor of nursing science degree, and 1 the doctor of education degree. Program philosophies could not be distinguished from one another. Eighteen doctoral programs offered advanced clinical courses and 22 programs focused on role preparation; 16 offered both clinical and role preparation. There was much variation in credit requirements, but the standard program was 60 credits in length, with 48 credits in nursing and 12 credits in cognates and electives. Approximately half the required credits focused on research. The similarity in the curricula of doctoral programs is striking. Discipline-specific values may be strong and account for the congruence in the types of curricula found in this study. Continued focus on research preparation, with varying degrees of emphasis on clinical or role development, is expected. The dominance of the doctoral degree as the terminal degree for nursing is likely to continue.

Curriculum↗