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Biomedical subjects

C Manelfe

Publications and source records attributed to C Manelfe.

192 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antenatal cerebral artery occlusions (4 new cases)].

Cerebral arterial occlusion, occurring during monozygotic twin pregnancies, is a well known entity, specially when one twin is stillborn or macerated. Most of the authors consider that the aetiology is either embolization from the dead fetus or intravascular coagulation causing embolization in the surviving co-twin via placental vascular connections. Some data suggest an infectious endarteritis on the basis of angiographic and histological findings. Clinical features may appear several weeks after birth. CT scan and pathological findings depend on the date of the arterial occlusion. Four recent cases are described, two of them concerning monozygotic twin pregnancies. Pathological, CI scan, clinical features and pathogenesis are discussed taking account of the others data in the literature.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Control and placement of intracranial microcatheters.

Balloon-tipped microcatheters allow flow-guided entry into small vessels and permit selective angiography, selective drug infusion, temporary or permanent vessel occlusion, and controlled deposition of tissue adhesives. However, active directive techniques are not usually successful with balloon microcatheters, and more passive flow-directed maneuvering must be learned. Three conditions may be encountered. In the first, the vessel to be entered is large and exits at a small angle from the parent vessel. Flow and momentum carry the microcatheter toward the goal. In the second, the abnormal vessel exists at a large angle but is larger than the continuing vessel. Inflating the balloon until it is larger than the continuing vessel will cause the flow to carry it around even sharp bends. In the third, the abnormal vessel is small and also exits at a large angle. Two balloons must then be used. The first occludes the larger mainline continuing vessel, while a second is injected; flow then carries the second around the bend.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Internal capsule: normal anatomy and ischemic changes demonstrated by computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to attempt to localize the different parts of the internal capsule on computed tomography (CT) axial sections and (2) to correlate clinical data and CT appearance of 25 cases of ischemic capsular lesions. Twenty-three of the ischemic lesions produced a pure motor hemiplegia. The internal capsule was studied on routine CT axial sections parallel to the canthomeatal line with 8 mm collimation before and after intravenous contrast medium injection. Absorption values of the white matter at the level of the anterior limb of the internal capsule were found to be a little higher (mean, 32 Hounsfield units [H]) when compared with the posterior limb (mean, 28 H). Lesions were classified according to the topography of the internal capsule: anterior limb (three), genu (one), posterior limb (seven), and putaminocapsulocaudate (14). CT appears to be the most sensitive and reliable method to investigate small deep cerebral infarcts since isotope scans were positive in only two of 13 cases, while angiography was positive in eight of 17 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation of extracranial cerebral arteries by intravenous angiography: report of 1,000 cases.

Intravenous angiography is a a safe, rapid, simple examination, which, with sonography, is complementary in selecting patients for conventional angiography. This examination is not designed to replace conventional angiography, but, rather, to study high-risk stroke patients, patients with asymptomatic cervical bruit, or postoperative patients. Improvements in contrast media, film subtraction, the use of oral anesthesia with viscous lidocaine, and the technique of cooling the contrast medium have made the procedure more successful. A review of 1,000 examinations was undertaken to determine the accuracy of the technique and to emphasize technical points. Excellent results, comparable to conventional angiography, were obtained in 50.3% patients and good results in 32%. Poor or uninterpretable results were obtained in 17.7%. These were secondary to either patient movement or the presence of venous reflux or statis of contrast medium.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging and axial involvement in spondylarthropathies. Delineation of the spinal entheses.

We used magnetic resonance imaging in a prospective cross-sectional study to evaluate the components of axial involvement in spondylarthropathies, to determine whether the entire intervertebral disk is an enthesis and to gauge how useful this imaging technique is in detecting enthesitis of the spine. Thirty-one patients with spondylarthropathies and 14 controls with mechanical spinal disease were included. Images of the thoracic and lumbar spine were obtained using plain radiography, radionuclide bone scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (sagittal sections, T1-weighted sequences before and after gadolinium injection and fat saturation and T2-weighted sequences). Magnetic resonance imaging signal abnormalities reflected inflammation and hypervascularization of the subchondral bone underlying the affected entheses (low signal enhancing after gadolinium and fat saturation on T1 images, high signal on T2 images). These abnormalities were often visible early in the disease process, at a time when there were not yet any clinical manifestations or radiographic or bone scan changes. In addition to showing involvement of the classic spinal entheses, magnetic resonance imaging also demonstrated evidence of inflammation and hypervascularization of the central part of the vertebral endplates and intervertebral disks, confirming that the center of the disk is an enthesis and that inflammatory enthesitis is the mechanism underlying at least some cases of discitis seen in patients with spondylarthropathies.

Adult↗