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Biomedical subjects

C Maltoni

Publications and source records attributed to C Maltoni.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on industrial chemicals and man-made mineral fibers, at the Bentivoglio (BT) laboratories of the Bologna Institute of Oncology: premises, programs, and results.

After having stressed the need of primary prevention in the strategy for cancer control, the crucial role of the long-term carcinogenicity bioassays in providing scientific support to primary prevention has been focused. The state-of-the-art, the present inadequacies, the necessity of implementation, and the perspectives of the long-term carcinogenicity bioassays have been briefly reviewed. The performed and ongoing programs of carcinogenicity bioassays at the Bentivoglio (BT) Laboratories of the Bologna Institute of Oncology have been presented, together with the currently available results on several compounds of industrial and commercial relevance.

Biological Assay↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE)--a gasoline additive--causes testicular and lymphohaematopoietic cancers in rats.

In the framework of a series of experiments conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of oxygenated gasoline additives, MTBE was analyzed in an oral lifetime carcinogenicity study using 8-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. These experiments were part of a large research project on gasoline carcinogenicity performed at the Bentivoglio (BT) Castle Cancer Research Center of the Ramazzini Foundation and of the Bologna Institute of Oncology, MTBE, dissolved in oil, was administered by stomach tube at the doses of 1000, 250, or 0 mg/kg b.w., once daily, four days weekly, for 104 weeks. The animals were maintained until natural death. The last animal died 166 weeks after the start of the experiment, i.e., at 174 weeks of age. Under the tested experimental conditions, MTBE was shown to cause an increase in Leydig interstitial cell tumors of the testes and a dose-related increase in lymphomas and leukemias in female rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Salud Ocupacional.

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Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mortality among the makers of vinyl chloride in Italy].

A mortality study was performed on 5,946 vinyl chloride (VC)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) workers of the nine Italian plants. The aims of the study were to investigate the cause-specific mortality of workers exposed to VC in production and polymerization stages and to ascertain whether exposure is associated with a higher risk of cancers other than liver angiosarcoma. An incident cohort was enumerated in five plants, a mixed cohort in two and a cross sectional one in the remaining two facilities. Cause-specific Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) were calculated for the six incidence cohorts with a sufficiently long follow-up period. Both Italian and regional rates were used for the comparison. A pooled analysis of six cohorts was performed. For deceased persons, information from death certificates was used in the mortality analysis. Additional clinical and pathological data were sought for all decreased individuals (Best Evidence = BE). The results of the study confirm the carcinogenic action of vinyl chloride on the liver but not on the other suggested target organs (i.e., lung, lymphopoietic tissues, brain). A deficit for all causes of death and cardiovascular disease was evident in most cohorts and in the pooled cohort. Analysis of BE data showed a broad spectrum of carcinogenic action of VCM on the liver as demonstrated by the occurrence of both angiosarcomas and other histotypes of tumours.

Cause of Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mesotheliomas among mechanics of the railways in Italy: a current problem].

Asbestos has been used on rolling stock of the Italian Railways since the 1940's. From the 1950's to the 1970's it was used on a massive scale for the insulation of passenger carriages (up to more than 800 kg per carriage). About 10 years ago, a programme was began to remove asbestos from rolling stock and replace it with glass fibre. We must consider as exposed to the carcinogenic effects of asbestos all mechanics who, during the past years, worked at the Major Repair Workshops (MRW), at the Locomotive Depots (LD) of the State Railways, or in other state or private factories where railway rolling stock insulated with asbestos was built, checked, repaired or demolished, or where asbestos removal operations took place. It has been estimated that the total number of mechanics potentially exposed to asbestos since 1950 in the MRWs alone amounts to more than 25,000. There are about 750 workers presently employed at the Bologna MRW and it has been estimated that the entire cohort of this MRW from the beginning of the 1950's includes about 3,000 people (in excess). In 1986 the Bologna Institute of Oncology reported 6 cases of pleural mesothelioma at the Bologna MRW and 1 at the Rimini MRW. This was the first report of pleural mesotheliomas among railway mechanics in Italy. From 1986 up to the present, other cases of pleural mesothelioma have been recorded among mechanics working on railway rolling stock in the MRW's and in the LD's of the State Railways and in other factories.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asbestos↗