Biomedical subjects
C Maier
Publications and source records attributed to C Maier.
[Pathogen spectrum and resistance status of infections following orthopedic operations--an evaluation of 5 years].
This study reports of 191 infections that occurred after 14807 primary clean operations from 1982 to 1986. The spectrum of organism and the resistancy of bacteria has been analysed. 5 groups of organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcen, Enterococcen and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are responsible for 82% of the infections. 88% of the bacteria in monoinfections were sensitive to Cefazedon. The development of resistancy against this type of Cefalosporin could not be seen.
Statistical analysis of environmental monitoring data: does a worst case time for monitoring clean rooms exist?
To determine the relationship between the sampling time of the environmental monitoring, i.e., viable counts, in aseptic filling areas and the microbial count and frequency of alerts for air, surface and personnel microbial monitoring, statistical analyses were conducted on 1) the frequency of alerts versus the time of day for routine environmental sampling conducted in calendar year 1994, and 2) environmental monitoring data collected at 30-minute intervals during routine aseptic filling operations over two separate days in four different clean rooms with multiple shifts and equipment set-ups at a parenteral manufacturing facility. Statistical analyses showed, except for one floor location that had significantly higher number of counts but no alert or action level samplings in the first two hours of operation, there was no relationship between the number of counts and the time of sampling. Further studies over a 30-day period at the floor location showed no relationship between time of sampling and microbial counts. The conclusion reached in the study was that there is no worst case time for environmental monitoring at that facility and that sampling any time during the aseptic filling operation will give a satisfactory measure of the microbial cleanliness in the clean room during the set-up and aseptic filling operation.
Selecting the best to be the best: how to gain a competitive edge for your organization, Part I.
This article describes the benefits of good hiring and the costs of poor hiring in a health-care environment. The elements of an effective hiring process are delineated and discussed, including job descriptions; position specifications; the advantages and disadvantages of hiring from within or outside of the organization; and job application, résumé, and telephone screening. Part II will focus on compensation considerations; the selection interview; legal issues in hiring; letting candidates know the results; and orientation of new employees. Keys for success in each of these areas are provided. An outline of the steps in a selection interview as well as specific do's and don'ts in interviewing are provided. The point is made that the selection of a new employee is one of the most important processes in the effective management of any health-care organization. Yet, it is often done in haste, with a sense of urgency and with insufficient attention to the demands of the job, the specific nature of the organization, and the less tangible but critical aspects of the applicants.
Selecting the best to be the best: how to gain a competitive edge for your organization, Part II.
This is the second part of a two-part article on finding and hiring the best employees for your organization. Part I discussed costs of poor hiring, benefits of good hiring, elements of an effective hiring process, the job description, hiring from within versus outside the organization, the job application, résumé screening, telephone screening, and salary considerations. Part II will discuss the selection interview, legal issues in hiring, and the orientation process.
A comparison of the MicroCount Digital System to plate count and membrane filtration methods for the enumeration of microorganisms in water for pharmaceutical purposes.
The enumeration of microorganisms in water for pharmaceutical purposes using the MicroCount Digital System (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA) was compared to the USP-recommended Pour Plate and Membrane Filtration Count methods. A study, using a pure culture of Buckholderia cepacia, ATCC#25416, showed that the accuracy, precision, reproducibility and linearity of the MicroCount ATP Bioluminescence System was equivalent to or better than the traditional methods. When the MicroCount System was used to monitor purified water and water for injection taps in a pharmaceutical plant over a month, comparable counts to the traditional methods were obtained within 24 hours compared to 48 to 72 hours with the other methods. The effectiveness of the memory device used for the isolation of colonies for characterization was demonstrated by comparing the number and pattern of the positive wells in the MicroCount plates with the isolation of colonies on the microbial count agar plates. The recovery on agar plates, although slightly higher, was not statistically different to the MicroCount plates. The predominated microorganisms isolated using all three methods were Ralstonia pickettii, Bacillus sphaericus, Stenotrophomonas maltophia, and a Staphylococcus species.
[Clinical aspects and therapy of sleep-wakefulness disorders in the elderly].
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[Clinical picture and therapy of sleep in aged, internal-medicine patients].
The management of sleep disorders in elderly patients with internal diseases consists in the first line in rectifying pathophysiological disregulations. Only in the second line, proper hypnotics are to be prescribed. When considered as indispensable, these medicaments are selected according to their toxicity and side effects. In present time, Benzodiazepines are definitely preferred, whereas neuroleptic, anti-depressant and the older drugs are to be taken secondarly in account.
Plasma concentrations of bupivacaine in celiac plexus block.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Following stellate ganglion block, systemic absorption of local anesthetics is rapid. Pharmacokinetic data for local anesthetics following other blocks, such as celiac plexus blocks, are lacking. METHODS: Plasma concentrations of bupivacaine in venous blood samples following celiac blocks were measured in 10 patients using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique; 40 mL plain bupivacaine 0.25% was administered. RESULTS: Celiac plexus block resulted in maximum plasma concentrations of 0.7-2.5 mg/L bupivacaine (mean, 1.5 +/- 0.6 mg/L). In 3 of 10 patients plasma concentrations above 2 mg/L occurred. The maximum concentrations were reached 10-30 minutes after the injection (17 +/- 8 minutes). No clinical signs of central nervous system toxicity occurred. All patients showed hemodynamic stability following the blocks. CONCLUSIONS: Maximum plasma concentrations of bupivacaine occur rather late following celiac blocks compared to stellate ganglion or intercostal blocks. The rather high plasma concentrations of bupivacaine indicate the need for appropriate clinical monitoring.