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Biomedical subjects

C M Tanner

Publications and source records attributed to C M Tanner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Encephalopathy in chronic renal failure responsive to deferoxamine therapy. Another manifestation of aluminum neurotoxicity.

We describe a patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis who developed a neurologic syndrome consisting of seizures, progressive myoclonus, and mild dementia and who responded to chelation therapy with deferoxamine mesylate. Neither her serum nor bone aluminum concentrations indicated aluminum toxicity. However, the presence of a positive deferoxamine-infusion test was suggestive of an elevated body burden of aluminum. Treatment with deferoxamine resulted in marked clinical improvement in her neurologic status within two months. The utility of using the deferoxamine-infusion test rather than serum aluminum levels in evaluating aluminum toxicity in chronic renal failure is suggested.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1985

Chronic agonist therapy for Parkinson's disease: a 5-year study of bromocriptine and pergolide.

We used pergolide to treat 10 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease who had first responded to, and then failed, bromocriptine therapy. At the end of 5 years, patients had improved when compared with study entry. Peak efficacy, equal with both drugs, was seen at 12 months. After a mean treatment of 29 months, bromocriptine was no longer effective, but pergolide was still beneficial.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Pergolide mesylate: lack of cardiac toxicity in patients with cardiac disease.

In a 12-month open-label trial, pergolide mesylate was administered in doses with antiparkinsonian efficacy to six patients with stable heart disease. Cardiac status did not worsen in any patient. Parkinson's disease improved in all patients. Pergolide is a safe and effective therapy for Parkinson's disease, even in patients with heart disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia.

In rodent models of tardive dyskinesia, dopamine-agonist-induced stereotyped behaviors after neuroleptic administration are used to assess presumed striatal postsynaptic receptor hypersensitivity. Early studies provided evidence that neuroleptic pretreatment did alter dopaminergic receptor sensitivity and hence the threshold for amine-induced stereotyped behavior. Later studies showed a dose effect for several neuroleptics. However, no hypersensitivity was seen with thioridazine, which prevented or reversed haloperidol-induced hypersensitivity. Duration appeared to be a risk factor early in but not throughout neuroleptic administration. These findings may have implications for the understanding and prevention of tardive dyskinesia in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Neuroleptic-induced dopamine hyposensitivity.

In contrast to dopaminergic hypersensitivity induced by most neuroleptic drugs including fluphenazine, thioridazine induced hyposensitivity to subsequent apomorphine stereotypy in rats. The difference between thioridazine and fluphenazine may relate in part to anticholinergic properties of thioridazine, but appears to involve additional mechanisms. Differences in dopaminergic sensitization may be important to the management and prevention of tardive dyskinesia an iatrogenic disorder associated with chronic exposure to neuroleptics.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Fluphenazine and multifocal tic disorders.

In a five-year study, 21 patients with multiple tic disorder intolerant of haloperidol therapy were treated with fluphenazine hydrochloride. Sixteen of these patients had fewer side effects with fluphenazine and had either equivalent (five patients) or better (11 patients) tic control. Fluphenazine can be an effective treatment for multiple tics in patients with dose-limiting side effects related to haloperidol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The reversibility of "permanent" tardive dyskinesia.

Neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) that persists for 1 year or more following withdrawal of neuroleptics is usually said to be permanent. Early spontaneous remissions have been well described but most such remissions occurred within the first few months following neuroleptic withdrawal, and no published studies have followed patients for more than 2 years to evaluate permanence of remission. Over the last 12 years, we studied six patients with TD who, on prolonged follow-up, were found to have complete remission of their abnormal movements after a neuroleptic-free period of more than 2 years (2 1/2-5 years). All six patients were 61 years old or younger when their TD was diagnosed and their neuroleptics withdrawn. In five of the patients, remission occurred while the patients were not taking medication for the movements, while one patient had been on long-term, high-dose (2 mg/day) reserpine therapy for more than 3 years. The incidence of late remission of TD is not known and cannot be estimated from these selected patients, but these cases demonstrate that persistence of abnormal movements of TD for 2 or more years following neuroleptic withdrawal does not imply permanence in all patients. We suggest that TD be considered a persistent rather than an invariably permanent disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Bupropion in Parkinson's disease.

Bupropion is an antidepressant, thought to be an indirect dopaminergic agonist. No significant sympathomimetic, anti-cholinergic, or MAO inhibitor effects have been reported. We evaluated this drug in 20 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism lessened by at least 30% (Northwestern University Disability Scale or Modified New York University Parkinson's Disease Scale) in half the patients. Depression, present in 12 of 20, was alleviated in only 5. Bupropion is mildly efficacious in Parkinson's disease, although side effects were frequent and were dose-limiting in five patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pergolide in Parkinson's disease.

Twenty-two patients received pergolide mesylate for Parkinson's disease for one year. Improvement was maximal at six months, but average functional scores were still better at 12 months than at pretreatment evaluation. On-off fluctuations were reduced in severity, and two of 18 patients experienced full resolution. Pergolide is an effective and safe ongoing medication for Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

A pure parkinsonian syndrome following acute carbon monoxide intoxication.

A 50-year-old woman with carbon monoxide (CO)-induced parkinsonism was found to have bilateral lucencies of the globus pallidus on computed tomographic (CT) scan consistent with old necrotic lesions. She showed no clinical response to levodopa therapy, although she did improve with anticholinergic therapy. It is suggested that the parkinsonism in this patient is due to the pallidal lesions demonstrated on CT scan, and that such pallidal-related parkinsonism may not respond to dopaminergic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

The electroencephalogram in Tourette syndrome.

The electroencephalogram (EEG) was studied in 38 patients with Tourette syndrome. Psychometric tests and neurological evaluation identified patients with signs of additional central nervous system dysfunction. Thirteen patients (34%) had some EEG abnormality. In contrast to findings by other investigators, epileptiform activity was uncommon (only 2 out of 38). Most of the patients with EEG abnormalities either had other objective signs of neurological dysfunction or were taking haloperidol, a drug known to disturb the EEG.

Adolescent↗