Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C M Reichert

Publications and source records attributed to C M Reichert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ophthalmic involvement in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Forty patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were examined for ocular abnormalities. Twenty of these patients died and the eyes were obtained for culture and histopathologic examination. These patients have multiple opportunistic infections and neoplasms as the result of a severe depression of cellular immunity. Fifty percent of all patients with AIDS and 75% of the autopsy group have ocular signs attributable to AIDS. Ocular findings were confined to four major categories: cytomegalovirus retinitis (10 patients), retinal cotton wool spots (11 patients), conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma (2 patients) and neuro-ophthalmic motility abnormalities (3 patients). Cytomegalovirus retinitis was a significant cause of visual loss. Seven of 40 autopsy eyes had hand motion or worse visual acuity prior to the patients' death because of CMV retinitis. This necrotic retinitis showed minimal inflammation and progressed to involve the entire retina in three to six months, resulting in a gliotic retinal membrane. Therapy with antiviral agents was not effective. Recognizing the ocular signs of AIDS may facilitate the diagnosis. The ophthalmologist also has a major role in the observation of progression or regression of these ocular manifestations, and can assist in the evaluation of therapy in patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Kaposi's sarcoma of the head and neck in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Since 1981 a new syndrome of acquired immune deficiency (AIDS) has been recognized. Male homosexuals, male and female intravenous drug abusers, and recipients of blood products (i.e., hemophiliacs) appear to be the populations at risk. The syndrome has been manifested by community-acquired opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Otolaryngologic manifestations of AIDS are not infrequent. Thirteen AIDS patients at the National Institutes of Health with KS of the head and neck region are presented. All 13 patients were homosexual or bisexual males. Nine initially presented with KS, five with KS of the head or neck. As a group the patients demonstrated lesions involving the oropharyngeal, tracheobronchial, and gastrointestinal regions. Their clinical course and complications are presented in detail. The mortality rate in this subgroup of AIDS patients is extraordinarily high (62%), with an average longevity of 11 months following initial diagnosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of antigenic expression by primary and autologous metastatic human sarcomas using murine monoclonal antibodies.

The efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy depends in part on the expression of the relevant tumor-associated antigens by both primary tumors and their metastases. Antigen expression by paired primary and autologous metastases from surgically excised osteogenic and soft-tissue sarcomas from 15 patients was studied using a panel of murine hybridoma monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed tissue sections. The panel included three antibodies (B3619, 17-9H3, OST6) recognizing sarcoma-associated antigens and an antibody recognizing an HLA-DR framework determinant (OKla1). In most cases, antibody binding to both primary and metastatic tumors was observed. However, marked heterogeneity of binding intensity between primary and metastatic tumors and of cells expressing antigens within tumors was noted. This occurred even though primary and metastatic tumors demonstrated homogeneous histology and cellular morphology. Differences were noted among patients as well as among metastases taken from an individual. A significant number of both primary and metastatic tumors contained cells that did not bind a particular antibody even in the presence of other cells that demonstrated significant antibody binding. Thus, strategies for single monoclonal antibody therapy may be limited by heterogeneity of intertumor and intratumor antigenic expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Delayed hemorrhage after percutaneous liver biopsy.

Clinically significant hemorrhage immediately after percutaneous liver biopsy is an uncommon, although well-recognized risk of the procedure. However, hemorrhage from the biopsy site delayed a day or more after the procedure is a seldom-appreciated potential complication. Delayed hemorrhage from the liver biopsy site may go unsuspected; in fact, the patient may no longer be under direct medical surveillance. We describe two cases of such delayed hemorrhage which we attribute to intrahepatic hematoma at the site of biopsy. Neither patient had a prebiopsy contraindication to the procedure. One patient suffered a fatal intraperitoneal hemorrhage 15 days after liver biopsy, the other a massive, but nonfatal intrahepatic hemorrhage 41 hours after the procedure. In the first patient, a hemorrhagic diathesis developed in the immediate period after biopsy; no predisposition to hemorrhage could be identified in the latter patient, even retrospectively. The admittedly rare possibility of delayed hemorrhage should be considered whenever a liver biopsy is performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cystic ovaries in cystic fibrosis: an ultrasound and autopsy study.

Ultrasound examination of 13 patients with cystic fibrosis revealed ovarian cysts more than 3 cm in size in 46 per cent. All cysts were unilateral, unilocular, and transitory. An autopsy study of 23 patients with cystic fibrosis showed that the measured diameter of the largest ovarian follicle was greater in these patients than in a similar group of age-matched controls (P less than 0.05). The relationship of these ovarian changes to cystic fibrosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Autopsy pathology in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating new illness which appears to be sexually and parenterally transmissible. AIDS was first described in the male homosexual community; however, the disease has more recently been described among intravenous drug abusers, Haitians, hemophiliacs, and others. The etiologic agent is unknown. AIDS may represent an infection by a previously undescribed organism, a mutant of a known microorganism, or a multifactorial combination of environmental, immunologic, and genetic factors. As a consequence of the disease's seemingly irreversible ablation of the cell-mediated immune system, AIDS victims succumb to a variety of infections and/or unusual neoplasms. In its fully developed form, mortality approaches 100%. At autopsy the gross and microscopic pathology of the syndrome can be divided into three general categories: 1) morphologic manifestations of profound lymphoid depletion; 2) infections, usually with mixed opportunistic pathogens; and 3) unusual neoplasms, most frequently Kaposi's sarcoma or high-grade lymphomas.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

High-resolution zone electrophoresis, combined with immunofixation, in the detection of an occult myeloma paraprotein.

A high-resolution agarose gel electrophoretic technique, coupled with immunofixation, was used to follow paraprotein concentrations retrospectively in a patient with multiple myeloma of nine years' duration. Although the patient's IgA lambda gammopathy "disappeared" shortly after the initiation of therapy, as judged by routine cellulose acetate electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis, high-resolution zone electrophoresis demonstrated a monoclonal band that we identified by immunofixation as the IgA lambda paraprotein. The combination of the two simple, inexpensive, and reliable techniques of high-resolution agarose electrophoresis and immunofixation thereby permitted detection and identification of a myeloma protein in a patient otherwise thought to be in complete remission. We believe this approach is useful in assessing persistent or recurrent disease in patients with a known history of myeloma; this combination of techniques may also prove beneficial in the early diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Malignant melanoma: a search for occult lymph node metastases.

Lymph nodes regarded as "negative" following routine pathologic examination were reexamined in seven patients with malignant melanoma who later developed systemic metastases. A total of 185 lymph nodes were serially sectioned; five to seven levels of each lymph node were examined for the presence of occult metastases. In this manner previously undetected tumor was found within a solitary lymph node of one patient. It is concluded that attempts to detect occult melanoma metastases by routine serial sectioning of lymph nodes is not of practical applicability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Direct cloning of human parathyroid hyperplasia cells in soft-agar culture.

Parathyroid specimens removed from patients with clinical hyperparathyroidism were cultured in a two-layer soft-agar system. Four patients had parathyroid hyperplasia and one had a parathyroid adenoma. Colonies grew from single-cell suspensions of each specimen. Plating efficiency ranged from 0.001 to 0.05%. No colonies grew from normal bovine parathyroid specimens. Parathormone was detected in 0.9% NaCl solution incubated with the culture plates of three of the four human specimens tested. Parathormone levels determined by radioimmunoassay ranged from 10.4 < 100 ng/ml. Plates tested serially showed a progressive rise in parathormone levels with time and an increase in colony size and number. Microscopic evaluation of the cellular layer showed clusters of cells morphologically consistent with parathyroid origin. Colonies remained viable for approximately 3 weeks. These data confirm that malignancy of tissue in vivo is not necessary for colony formation in agar and that human parathyroid hyperplasia or adenoma cells produce and secrete parathormone in this system.

Agar↗
PubMed1979

Chronic Parkinsonism secondary to intravenous injection of meperidine analogues.

Abuse of 4-propyloxy-4-phenyl-N-methylpiperidine, a meperidine congener, produced parkinsonism in a 23-year-old man. Unlike other drug-induced motor disturbances, the syndrome persisted for 18 months and responded to drugs that stimulate dopamine receptors. Biogenic amines and metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid and microscopic evaluation of the brain at necropsy were consistent with damage to aminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl 6-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside.

Crystalline 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-beta-D-mannopyranose octaacetate was synthesized by condensation of tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide (3) with 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-mannopyranose. 6-O-alpha-D-Mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranose octaacetate was prepared by condensation of 3 with 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-trityl-alpha-D-mannopyranose. Fusion of each mannobiosyl octaacetate with p-nitrophenol was followed by deacetylation, to give the corresponding p-nitrophenyl (1 to 2) and (1 to 6)-alpha-D-mannobioside.

Disaccharides↗
PubMed1979

The immunochemistry of antibodies sharing concanavalin A's anti-mannosyl binding specificity.

Procedures were developed for the synthesis of the disaccharide hapten, p-isothiocyanatophenyl 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, and for its conjugation to hemocyanin. The synthetic carbohydrate: protein antigen was then emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant and injected into the footpads of New Zealand White rabbits. A population of the resulting anti-conjugate antibodies displayed some binding properties analogous to concanavalin A, the carbohydrate-binding protein of the jack bean. The antisera weakly percipitated mannans from Saccharomyces rouxii, S. cerevisiae, and an alpha-(1 leads to 3)-mannopyranosyl transferase-deficient mutant from Kluyveromyces lactis Y58a. These polysaccharides, possessing side chains containing terminal alpha-(1 leads to 2)-mannobiosyl residues, produce strong percipitation reactions with concanavalin A. In addition, various saccharides were tested for their ability to inhibit the interaction of anti-conjugate antisera with alpha-(1 leads to 2)-mannobiosyl-containing polymers. p-Nitrophenyl 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside showed a strong complementarity for the binding sites of both the anti-conjugate antisera and concanavalin A. However, the antibody failed to bind a concanavalin A-reactive mouse fibrosarcoma or to stimulate mitogenesis of human peripheral lymphocytes.

Animals↗