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Biomedical subjects

C M Lawrence

Publications and source records attributed to C M Lawrence.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Human hair follicle germinative epidermal cell culture.

Isolated human hair follicle germinative epidermal cells were observed in vitro for the first time. When cultured alone, this small, round, novel cell type did not grow, divide, take on an outer root sheath-type appearance, or display any obvious signs of epidermal differentiation. We have previously described comparable cells from rat vibrissa follicles. However, in combination with human hair follicle dermal papilla populations, the germinative epidermal cells were stimulated into proliferative and complex interactive behaviors. This included the formation of composite organotypic structures containing not only impressively intact basement membrane, but also the hair-specific form, glassy membrane.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1993

Reticulate purpura, cryoglobulinaemia and livedo reticularis.

Two patients with type I cryoglobulinaemia are described, both of whom presented with purpura in a reticulate distribution on the legs, resembling the pattern of physiological livedo. It appeared that increased cooling due to sluggish blood flow in areas of the skin corresponding to the blue areas of physiological livedo may have caused the localization of cryoprecipitate at these sites. To investigate the pathogenesis of the net-like pattern of purpura, three subjects with physiological livedo reticularis of the thighs were studied with a laser-Doppler velocimeter. In two subjects, mean blood flux in the blue areas was 21% (P < 0.01) and 26% (P < 0.02) lower than in adjacent white areas, whereas in the third there was no significant difference. The cutaneous features of cryoglobulinaemia, and the mechanism of the reticulate purpura in this condition, are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Secondary localized cutaneous amyloid in Bowen's disease.

A case of Bowen's disease is described in which striking quantities of amyloid were detected in the papillary dermis visualized easily by routine haematoxylin and eosin staining. The material showed positive labelling with an antikeratin monoclonal antibody consistent with the proposed origin of the amyloid as degenerate keratinocytes. The pathobiology of amyloid associated with dysplastic squamous lesions is discussed.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1993

Intralesional steroid injection after nerve block anesthesia in the treatment of orofacial granulomatosis.

BACKGROUND: The facial disfigurement produced by orofacial granulomatosis causes enormous embarrassment. None of the many therapies recommended is reliably successful. Oral corticosteroids cause significant side effects and repeated injections of small quantities of triamcinolone are painful. We have injected large volumes of triamcinolone after numbing the lips using nerve block anesthesia. OBSERVATIONS: Nine patients (six males and three females, aged 10 to 47 years) with orofacial granulomatosis were investigated. No evidence of an allergic cause was found using patch or contact urticaria tests. Eating chocolate produced lip swelling in one man, and his lip shrank in size after avoiding this for 12 months. Five patients, aged 10 to 24 years, were treated with high-volume intralesional triamcinolone injections (3 to 10 mL of 10 mg/mL) after first numbing the lips using infraorbital nerve branch and mental nerve block. After 6 weeks, the lip size returned to normal in four patients and was reduced in a fifth. One patient was injected on four occasions over a 2-year period; in four other patients treated once, lip size remained reduced for over 10 months. CONCLUSION: Intralesional triamcinolone reduces lip swelling in patients with orofacial granulomatosis. Numbing the lips by nerve block anesthesia before triamcinolone injection enables adequate volumes and repeated injections to be given painlessly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Allergic reactions to rubber gloves in dental patients: report of three cases.

Three cases of allergy to rubber are described, in which the patients exhibited peri-oral rashes following dental treatment by personnel wearing latex rubber gloves. Two of the patients were aware of possible allergy to domestic rubber products but did not reveal this as part of their medical history. With the increase in numbers of dentists wearing rubber gloves it is probable that there will be many more such cases reported in the future. Rubber products must then be added to the list of potential allergens which may be of some import to the practice of dentistry.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of H1-receptor blockade on anthralin inflammation.

The effect of terfenadine, an H1-receptor antagonist, on anthralin inflammation was studied in 12 subjects. Subjects were randomised to receive terfenadine 60 mg or placebo b.d. in a double-blind, cross-over study. Anthralin 5, 10 and 20 micrograms in 10 microliters chloroform was pipetted onto flexor forearm skin. Anthralin inflammatory oedema and erythema were measured using Harpenden calipers and a reflectance photometer, 48 h after anthralin application. After a 3-day washout period, placebo and terfenadine were restarted and the procedures repeated on the opposite arm. Anthralin erythema and oedema increased with dose but the dose-response curves showed no significant difference with or without terfenadine (p greater than 0.05). This study shows that H1-receptor blockade does not inhibit anthralin inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Measurement of involved surface area in patients with psoriasis.

Three methods of measuring the surface area of the involved skin were compared in 10 patients with psoriasis. Using the rule of nines, four untrained observers estimated the average extent of psoriasis as 20, 14, 23 and 33% of the body surface area. Measuring the area of tracings of plaque outlines using image analysis gave a mean involved surface area of 9% and image analysis of whole body photographs gave a mean value of 7%. We conclude that untrained observers using the rule of nines will overestimate the extent of psoriasis and that image analysis of whole body photographs is comparable to that of traced outlines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Halo eczema--resolution after excision of the central naevus alone.

We describe a patient with halo eczema around a benign pigmented compound naevus. The eczema resolved after excision of the central naevus alone; this allowed histological assessment of the naevus without the need for a large excision or for additional topical therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Seasonally recurrent granuloma annulare of the elbows.

Granuloma annulare may be recurrent and various precipitating factors have been described but seasonal cases have not been previously reported. We describe two patients with granuloma annulare on the elbows which developed in spring and resolved spontaneously in October each year. We believe that this type of seasonally recurrent granuloma annulae has not been previously described.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The treatment of chondrodermatitis nodularis with cartilage removal alone.

Fifty-eight patients with chondrodermatitis nodularis on the antihelix in 24 ears (16 women and eight men) and the helix in 40 ears (six women and 34 men) were studied. Twelve ears responded to intralesional steroid therapy. Under local anesthetic, 46 operations were performed to remove cartilage without skin excision. On the helix, a longitudinal incision was made; on the antihelix, a flap was raised and the underlying cartilage was excised, taking care to leave no rough cartilage edges. Follow-up (mean, 16 months; range, 4.5 to 34 months) showed that 10 of 17 antihelix lesions and 24 of 29 helix lesions healed completely with excellent cosmetic results. Recurrences, requiring further treatment, occurred at cartilage-excision margins in seven ears, and further cartilage excision alone was successful in four ears. This study demonstrates that only cartilage needs to be removed in the surgical treatment of chondrodermatitis nodularis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Dermatomyositis. Disease associations and an evaluation of screening investigations for malignancy.

Fifty-three adult patients (19 men, 34 women) with dermatomyositis were studied. Two had dermatomyositis associated with benign disorders. Twenty-three (43%) had a malignancy; the risk of malignancy increased with age, but there was no sex difference. Seven malignancies were recurrences and 9 were diagnosed during investigation of dermatomyositis; these 16 were suspected clinically or from abnormal results of simple investigations. Extensive screening tests did not increase the number of malignancies diagnosed. In 7 patients, a diagnosis of malignancy was made more than 9 months after onset of dermatomyositis, although a relationship between malignancy and dermatomyositis was uncertain in two cases; the diagnosis of gynecological malignancy was missed in 2 patients despite appropriate investigations, 1 patient had poorly controlled dermatomyositis, and in 2 patients late diagnosis of malignancy was due to failure to reinvestigate relapse of previously stable dermatomyositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reduction of anthralin-induced inflammation by application of amines.

Twenty-two primary, secondary, and tertiary amines were studied to determine whether they could reduce anthralin-induced inflammation. Amine solutions of 0.18 mol/L were applied after anthralin application to normal forearm skin. Inflammation was measured with the use of Harpenden calipers by the increase in skin thickness at 48 hours. Inflammation was reduced by 66% to 95% with the use of nine different amines. There was no overall correlation between the inhibiting effect and either amine basicity or octanol/water partition coefficient. However, within each of the series of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamines there appeared to be some correlation between inhibitory effect and alkyl chain size, which may reflect differences in transdermal flux. Some of these amines are used in cosmetics and skin cleansers and could help reduce the inflammation that accompanies anthralin therapy for psoriasis.

Administration, Cutaneous↗