Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C M Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to C M Kelly.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Postoperative results of opponensplasty and flexor tendon transfer in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Key pinch, palmar pinch, and grasp strength were evaluated after opponensplasty and flexor tendon transfer in 24 patients who had suffered cervical spinal cord injuries during a 17-year period. The patients had 57 tendon transfers: 35 opponensplasties and 22 flexor tendon transfers. The average follow-up was 4.2 years. The brachioradialis and pronator teres were the most frequently used motors for the opponensplasty and flexor tendon transfer. Key pinch strength averaged 1.47 kg (range of 0.13 to 4.70 kg). Grasp strength averaged 2.81 kg (range of trace to 10.0 kg). Palmar pinch was obtained in 45% of the extremities; the overall result was 1.04 kg (range of 0.20 to 3.00 kg). In general, patients with higher functional classifications achieved better results. We believe that intraoperative length-tension studies were an important factor in improving the results. The choice of muscle for opponensplasty or flexor transfer when two different adequate motors were available did not seem to affect the outcome of key pinch or grasp. We believe that tendon transfers are beneficial and should be considered in all patients with spinal cord injuries regardless of age at injury if at least 1 year has elapsed since injury and the patients are neurologically stable and have participated in a rehabilitation program.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Tendon transfer for the restoration of upper limb function after a cervical spinal cord injury.

During the past 22 years, 68 patients with cervical spinal cord injuries had 142 tendon transfers and tenodeses. The procedures were performed to provide improved upper limb control, including elbow extension, finger grasp, and thumb pinch for better prehension. The operations were effective in increasing function in all but four patients, who did not improve because of insufficient muscle strength. The educational, vocational, recreational, and social aspects of life improved for many patients. Tendon surgery should be considered for all tetraplegics 1 year after injury, provided that they have undergone an effective rehabilitation program and that their neurologic examination is stable.

Arm↗
PubMed1982

Activation and antiviral effect of acyclovir in cells infected with a varicella-like simian virus.

Acyclovir inhibited the replication of a varicella-like simian virus (DHV-1) in cell culture (Vero cells) with an ED50 of 38 +/- 2 microM. The activation of acyclovir in this cell culture system was compared with that in the cell system with human varicella zoster virus (VZV). Extracts of cells infected with DHV-1 catalyzed the phosphorylation of acyclovir. The phosphorylation was inhibited by dThd, suggesting the catalyst was a dThd kinase. Electrophoresis of cytosol fractions on polyacrylamide gels corroborated the existence of a virus-associated dThd kinase. This enzyme copurified with an acyclovir-phosphorylating activity. The enzyme catalyzed the phosphorylation of acyclovir at a greater relative rate than that with the VZV enzyme, but with a higher apparent Km value for acyclovir. The relative efficiencies for the two enzymes with acyclovir were similar. Anabolic studies with cells infected with DHV-1 and incubated with [14C]acyclovir indicated that triphosphate of acyclovir did accumulate. The results indicate that acyclovir is activated in cells infected with DHV-1 in a manner similar to that in cells infected with VZV.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1982

A possible role for ligatin and the phosphoglycoproteins it binds in calcium-dependent retinal cell adhesion.

Ligatin is a filamentous plasma membrane protein that serves as a baseplate for the attachment of peripheral glycoproteins to the external cell surface. Ligatin can be released from intact, embryonic chick neural retinal cells by treatment with 20 mM Ca++ without adversely affecting their viability, alpha-Glucose-1-phosphate is also effective in removing ligatin-associated glycoproteins from intact cells. After eight of these treatments, the retinal cells seem not to exhibit Ca++-dependent adhesion for one another. It is thus suggested that ligatin in neural retina may serve as a baseplate for the attachment to the cell surface of glycoproteins active in Ca++-dependent adhesion. The finding that Ca++ serves to protect Ca++-dependent adhesion molecules from digestion by trypsin is discussed in relation to steric constraints on trypsin's accessibility to these adhesion molecules because of their possible binding to arrayed ligatin filaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Retinal ligatin recognizes glycoproteins bearing oligosaccharides terminating in phosphodiester-linked glucose.

Ligatin is a filamentous, baseplate protein that binds and localizes peripheral glycoproteins to the external cell surface. Glycoproteins coisolated with ligatin from embryonic chicken neural retina and radiolabeled with 32P are retained by an affinity column containing covalently bound retinal ligatin. Elution is achieved preferentially by alpha-glucose 1-phosphate and, to a limited extent, by mannose 6-phosphate. Treatment with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H prevents the proteins from binding to the column and results in the release of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides containing 32P. The simplest of these oligosaccharides is unaffected by alkaline phosphatase unless the treatment is preceded by mild acid hydrolysis. Enzymatic and chemical analyses suggest that the phosphate is present in phosphodiester bonds linking penultimate mannose residues to terminal glucose residues.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of the calcium- and magnesium-induced structural changes of troponin--C. A proton magnetic resonance study.

Previous proton magnetic resonance studies of the effects of Ca(II) on the structure of rabbit skeletal muscle troponin--C have shown that Ca(II) binding to the two high affinity sites of troponin--C both directs and stabilizes the folding of much of the structure. Ca(II) binding by the two low affinity sites of troponin--C causes changes in the environment of largely hydrophobic residues. We have now examined the structural changes caused by Mg(II) and by Ca(II) in the presence of excess Mg(II). Successive addition of Mg(II) to metal-free troponin--C leads to broadly similar, but not identical, structural changes to those previously assigned to Ca(II) binding at the high affinity sites. None of the changes previously assigned to Ca(II) binding to the low affinity sites was observed. Since Mg(II) does not bind to the low affinity sites, these results confirm the previous assignments. The spectral differences between Mg(II) and Ca(II) show that the degree of backbone folding and interactions between a group of hydrophobic residues (one or more Val, Leu, Ile; two or more Phe) are different for the two cations. In the presence of excess Mg(II), at a molar ratio that may exist in vivo (approx. 40 : 1 mol ratio Mg(II): Ca(II), titration with Ca(II) leads to a displacement of Mg(II) and to all the structural changes previously observed for Ca(II) alone. However, in the presence of Mg(II) the distinction between high and low affinity sites is blurred as judged by the overlap of the spectral changes associated with each of the binding sites. This result, together with the observation that Mg(II) promotes structural changes different from Ca(II), suggests a structural basis for the observation that the Ca(II) threshold for the activation of tension in some myofibrils is increased in the presence of high Mg(II) concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ambient air pollutant analyses-integral part of an environmental impact study.

Data for the major pollutants; carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, photochemical oxidants, suspended particulates, and total hydrocarbons, have been presented. In addition, lead analysis and a justification for no sulfur oxides data are also discussed. This study was an integral part of an Environmental Impact Study carried out by the Chemistry Department and the Institute of Transportation Studies a Villanova University. Some of the pollutants were found to cause a situation of concern; namely, photochemical oxidants, suspended particulates and nitrogen oxides. On the otherhand, carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbons were found to be well below limits set by the EPA. Although no standards are set for lead in ambient air, the data showed very low concentrations of this pollutant in our particulate samples. Since oxides ofsulfur are more an industrial, rather than transportation, pollutant little relevance could have been found for the type of study performed.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1975

Air pollution impact of a suburban highway segment.

Design traffic volumes, vehicle emission factors and meterological data are used to assess the impact of a suburban limited-access highway segment. Mesoscale effects are determined by emission inventory techniques. Microscale effects are determined using a pollutant dispersion model developed by the California Division of Highways. The air pollution impact of the highway segment is small, and should not be considered a significant criteria for decisions concerning construction of the highway.

Air Pollution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of single cell sources of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid: a 4-week oral safety study in rats.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) are secreted in human milk and consumed by the nursing neonate but are not present in infant formulas currently available in the US. Supplementation of formulas with DHA and ARA may be particularly important for premature infants, who have less accretion of these fatty acids in utero than term infants. Some experts suggest that DHA and ARA should be added to infant formulas. Common sources of these fatty acids (e.g. fish oils, egg yolk lipids) are not optimal for infants in that they contain disproportionate amounts of other fatty acids. This 4-wk study examined the safety of a high-DHA algal oil and a high-ARA fungal oil, blended so that the DHA:ARA ratio approximates that in human milk. Rats were fed the blend at levels representing three, 11 and 22 times the anticipated infant exposure. Control animals were fed either a high-fat diet (13.1%, w/w; equivalent to the fat content of the treated groups) or a low-fat diet (5%, w/w). There were no treatment-related differences in body weight, food intake, organ weights, haematology or clinical chemistry. Thus, this study indicates that a blend of algal and fungal oils is a safe source of DHA and ARA as it produced no adverse effects in rats when administered for 4 wk at levels up to 22 times the expected infant exposure.

Administration, Oral↗