Biomedical subjects

C M Honnas

Publications and source records attributed to C M Honnas.

57 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of skin bacterial flora before and after aseptic preparation of clipped and nonclipped arthrocentesis sites in horses.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates skin bacterial flora before and after aseptic preparation of clipped and nonclipped arthrocentesis sites in horses. STUDY DESIGN: The hair over one midcarpal joint and one distal interphalangeal joint on each horse was clipped. The contralateral joint served as the nonclipped comparison. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: Twelve adult horses. METHODS: A prescrub sample for microbial culture was taken from the dorsal surface of all four joints for each horse. Each site was aseptically prepared with povidone iodine and 70% alcohol, followed by postscrub sampling for microbial culture. Colony forming units (CFUs) were determined for each sample, 24 hours after inoculation of blood agar plates. RESULTS: There was no significant difference (P > .05) in number of postscrub CFUs between clipped and nonclipped skin over the midcarpal or distal interphalangeal joints. Percent bacterial reduction (mean +/- SD%) after aseptic preparation differed significantly (P = .02) between clipped (99.8 +/- .003%) and nonclipped (96.2 +/- .05%) skin at the midcarpal joint, but not at the distal interphalangeal joint (clipped, 98.5 +/- .03% and nonclipped, 97.8 +/- 0.21%). There was a significant difference (P = .009) in number of prescrub CFUs obtained from clipped and nonclipped skin for the midcarpal joint. There was no significant difference in number of prescrub CFUs between clipped and nonclipped skin at the distal interphalangeal joint. Bacteria isolated from both clipped and nonclipped skin sampled postscrub included Bacillus sp, nonhemolytic Staphylococcus sp, and Micrococcus sp. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of hair over the midcarpal and distal interphalangeal joints does not appear to inhibit the ability of antiseptics to effectively reduce bacterial flora to an acceptable level for arthrocentesis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Aseptic preparation of the skin over the midcarpal and distal interphalangeal joints can be accomplished without hair removal in horses.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of postoperative peritoneal lavage in standing horses for prevention of experimentally induced abdominal adhesions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the postoperative use of peritoneal lavage for prevention of experimentally induced intraabdominal adhesions in horses. STUDY DESIGN: Areas of serosal abrasion were created on the jejunum of 12 horses. Postoperatively, six horses had peritoneal lavage, and six horses did not (controls). The number of adhesions was determined at necropsy 2 weeks after surgery. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: 12 horses. METHODS: Five sites of jejunal serosal abrasion were created in each horse. A 32 French thoracic catheter was placed into the right ventral aspect of the abdomen before closure of the abdominal incision. Treated horses had abdominal lavage with 10 L of lactated Ringer's solution on four occasions, then catheters were removed from all horses 34 hours after celiotomy. Horses were necropsied at 2 weeks to quantify the number of intraabdominal adhesions. RESULTS: All control horses and one treated horse developed intraabdominal adhesions. The number of adhesions was significantly less (P < .0293) in treated horses. No adverse inflammatory reactions appeared to be associated with repeated peritoneal lavage using lactated Ringer's solution or use of an abdominal drain. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal lavage reduced the frequency of intraabdominal adhesions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When postoperative adhesions are likely to develop, postoperative peritoneal lavage may decrease the frequency of adhesion formation.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal auscultation in the detection of experimentally induced gastrointestinal sand accumulation.

A blind study was designed to determine if abdominal auscultation is an effective method for detecting the presence of intestinal sand. Fifteen horses divided into two groups were used in the study. There were seven horses in Group 1 and eight horses in Group 2. All horses were auscultated and determined to be free of sand sounds before initiation of Trial 1. Group 1 horses were given 4.2 g/kg body weight of sand via nasogastric tube using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a suspending agent at 9.0 ml/kg body weight. Group 2 horses were given CMC only. Horses remained in the same group through all trials. A total of five trails, each lasting 24 hours, was performed. Dosing with sand and CMC or CMC alone was repeated at the beginning of each trial. Abdominal auscultation was performed on each of the 15 horses beginning on Trial 2 by an investigator with no knowledge of the grouping of the horses. The ventral abdomen was auscultated for 5 minutes at 7 hours and 17 hours after trial initiation. When a horse was considered positive for intestinal sand by auscultation, the horse was eliminated from future trials. On Trial 2, no horses were positive; on Trial 3, one horse; on Trial 4, two horses, and on Trial 5, four horses. Sounds considered characteristic for sand in the intestinal tract were eventually identified in all Group 1 horses. No horses in Group 2 were ever identified as having sounds characteristic for intestinal sand at any point during this investigation.

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