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Biomedical subjects

C M Hall

Publications and source records attributed to C M Hall.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Cervical spine fractures and rear car seat restraints.

Two cases of potentially fatal cervical spine fractures in children who were inadequately restrained by malfunctioning car seat restraints are presented. Adequate parental maintenance of seat restraints and their readjustment when children change from wearing lightweight to thick, heavy clothing are imperative.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1987

Multiple pterygium syndrome: evolution of the phenotype.

The clinical features of the multiple pterygium syndrome are multiple congenital joint contractures, multiple skin webs, camptodactyly, vertebral anomalies, short stature, ptosis, and antimongoloid eye slant. We present 11 new cases to show the evolution of the full phenotype from birth and to confirm autosomal recessive inheritance. We emphasise morbidity secondary to respiratory impairment and that conductive deafness may be part of the syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Osteogenesis imperfecta type IIA: evidence for dominant inheritance.

Thirty cases of radiologically proven type IIA osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have been ascertained. All were isolated with 19 unaffected foreborn and 19 unaffected afterborn sibs. Two sets of parents, both Asian, were consanguineous. There was a significant parental age effect, most marked for paternal age. It is concluded that most cases of type IIA OI result from new dominant mutations.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1987

Recurrence risks and prognosis in severe sporadic osteogenesis imperfecta.

A study was carried out in the United Kingdom of patients with severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), born with fractures to normal parents, in order to determine recurrence risks. A total of 105 cases from 98 families survived the perinatal period and 60 cases from 57 families were stillborn or died during the first week of life. The majority of the perinatal survivors correspond to the overlapping group of Sillence type III and sporadic type IV OI. In 40 of these, the radiograph at birth was available and in 37 it showed a characteristic appearance similar to that described previously for type III OI. The other three cases had radiological type IIB OI at birth and died before 26 months of age. The patients with perinatally lethal OI were subdivided on radiological appearance into Sillence type IIA (30 cases, described in the previous paper), type IIB (12 cases from 11 families), and type IIC (three cases from three families), and in five cases from three families the radiological appearance was the same as that of the 37 perinatal survivors described above. Ten cases from 10 families were not classified because their radiographs were unavailable. To analyse the empirical recurrence risks, patients were grouped according to radiological appearance at birth. Those with a type III-like pattern numbered 42 cases and they were grouped with the other cases of severe deforming OI who survived the perinatal period, for whom no x ray at birth was available, making a total of 107 cases. Taking one affected child per family as the proband, there were 98 probands. They had 146 sibs, of whom 10 were affected, giving an empirical recurrence risk of 6.9%. This is consistent with the disease arising as a new dominant mutation in about three quarters of families and as a recessive in about one quarter in this heterogeneous group. It is reasonable to give a recurrence risk of up to 25% in cases with parental consanguinity and a risk of 4.4% in cases with unrelated parents. Fifteen patients (14 probands) with Sillence type IIB OI had 13 sibs, one affected, giving an empirical recurrence risk of 7.7%. The parents were consanguineous in three families and the evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance for the majority in this group is probably stronger. The three patients with type IIC OI had three healthy sibs and the 10 unclassifiable perinatally lethal cases had 22 sibs, all normal. The radiological appearance at birth predicts prognosis to some extent; essentially, the better the bone morphology and mineralisation the longer the survival.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1986

Intussusception and intestinal malrotation in infants: Waugh's syndrome.

The position of the duodenojejunal flexure was determined in 37 out of a group of 49 consecutive infants presenting with intussusception. The flexure was in a normal position in 19, at the midline in 3, and in an abnormal position in 15. The caecum was unfixed in all of the 41 infants subjected to operation. It is concluded that lack of normal rotation and fixation of the intestine is an important factor in the aetiology of idiopathic intussusception of infants.

Cecum↗
PubMed1986

Pseudoachondroplasia: clinical diagnosis at different ages and comparison of autosomal dominant and recessive types. A review of 32 patients (26 kindreds).

This survey reviews the diagnosis (predominantly radiological) of 32 cases of pseudoachondroplasia from 26 kindreds and illustrates the natural history and varying appearance of the disordered bone growth from infancy to adult life. In addition, an attempt has been made to detect phenotypic differences between autosomal dominant and recessive types (excluding isolated cases), analysing 10 kindreds of dominant inheritance (three in the current survey, seven from published reports) and six of recessive inheritance (three in the current survey, three from published reports). There appears to be no clinical or radiographical feature which clearly distinguishes them, but, using height as a criterion of severity, among those with autosomal recessive inheritance there was a disproportionate number of the most severely affected cases and there also appears to be very little intrafamilial variation. It is possible that pseudoachondroplasia can be subdivided into autosomal dominant mild and severe and autosomal recessive mild and severe, but full delineation must await elucidation of the basic defect at biochemical and molecular levels.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1984

The 3-M syndrome.

Five patients from four families, including two male sibs, are reported with clinical and radiological features of the 3-M syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Orofaciodigital syndrome with mesomelic limb shortening.

Two sisters, the children of first cousin Pakistani Moslem parents, have unusual facies, tongue hamartomata, pre- and postaxial polydactyly, severe talipes, and mesomelic limb shortening associated with tibial dysplasia. Homozygosity for a recessive gene defect is probable. The phenotype resembles, but is distinct from, the orofaciodigital syndromes delineated to date. We suggest that this condition be labelled OFD IV.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

The femoral hypoplasia-unusual facies syndrome.

A series of thirteen persons with bilateral femoral hypoplasia are presented. Six of these had facial features compatible with a diagnosis of femoral hypoplasia-unusual facies syndrome. One was attributable to severe fetal constraint secondary to oligohydramnios, three were associated with maternal diabetes, and two were idiopathic. All thirteen cases were sporadic.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation in infantile malignant osteopetrosis.

Two infants with malignant osteopetrosis were treated by allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation after marrow ablation with busulphan and cyclophosphamide. Engraftment without graft-vs-host disease occurred in both cases. The first child established stable chimerism and is clinically well 30 months after receiving a histocompatible sibling bone-marrow graft: haematological, radiological, and biochemical features of osteopetrosis have completely resolved. The second child was non-identical with the marrow donor (his older sister) at a single HLA-B locus and received cyclosporin A as prophylaxis for graft-vs-host disease. 11 months after transplantation haematological abnormalities have resolved and radiological features have improved. The findings indicate that allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation should be considered the treatment of choice for infants with severe osteopetrosis who have histocompatible siblings.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗