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Biomedical subjects

C M Clifford

Publications and source records attributed to C M Clifford.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea: argasidae: Argas). 17. Argas (A.) polonicus sp. n. parasitizing domestic pigeons in Krakow, Poland.

Argas (A.) polonicus sp. n. is described from males, females, nymphs, and larvae from the steeple tower of St. Mary's Church, Karkow, Poland, where it feeds on domestic rock pigeons, Columba livia Gmelin. This species is related to the widely distributed Eurasian A. (A.) vulgaris Filippova and to certain other species of the eastern area of the Palearctic Faunal Region; it differs distinctly from A. (A.) reflexus (Fabricius) of western Europe. Comparative study under the light microscope. and especially under the scanning electron microscope, reveals numerous structural differences in adult and immature stages of these species, chiefly in the Haller's organ roof of each stage, adult body shape and integumental formations, dental formulae, and setal lengths and numbers on the larval dorsum.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis group (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Argasidae) of the palearctic and oriental regions. O. (A.) coniceps identity, bird and mammal hosts, virus infections, and distribution in Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) coniceps (Canestrini 1890), which was briefly described from adult specimens from St. Mark's Cathedral, Venice, Italy, has been a confusing taxon. We redescribe and illustrate the adult and immature stages from St. Mark's Cathedral (topotypes) and elsewhere, list criteria to distinguish this species from others in the O. (A.) capensis complex, and provide data for 36 collections, chiefly from nest sites of wild and domestic pigeons in humid, rocky situations, and from a nest of the pallid swift, in Italy, France, Egypt, Kenya, Israel, Jordan, Afghanistan, Ukrainia, and Turkmenia. Other collections of small-sized adults and nymphs, lacking larvae, from pigeon, swallow, and swift nest in Nepal, India, and Sri Lanka, are tentatively assigned to this taxon. This is the only member of the O. (A.) capensis group not associated with marine or wading birds. Humans bitten by O. (A.) coniceps in buildings or caves may suffer from pain, edema, chills, and fever. BAku virus (Reoviridae) has been isolated from this tick in Uzbekistan, but most reports of other viruses and infectious agents are clouded by probable misidentification of O. (A.) maritimus as O. (A. coniceps. Published data on the life cycle and dynamics are reviewed briefly. Previously, this tick has not been reported from the Ethiopian Faunal Region (Kenya).

Africa↗
PubMed1977

Sunday Canyon virus, a new ungrouped agent from the tick Argas (A.) cooleyi in Texas.

A new arbovirus was isolated from Texas, U.S.A., populations of the Cliff Swallow parasits Argas (Argas) cooleyi Kohls and Hoogstraal, 1960. The virus, named Sunday Canyon, is serological urelated to any of 185 arbovirus strains or 20 other viral agents with which it was compared. Morphologically it resembles Bunyamwera viruses and, in common with them, is sensitive to lipid solvents and acid pH, and apparently possesses RNA. Although considerably resistant to a temperature of 41.5 degrees C, it rapidly loses infectivity when incubated at 56 degrees C. It is lethal for newborn white mice and infective for the Vero and Antheraea eucalypti cell lines. Sundays Canyon virus is the second tick-associated, Bunyamwera virus-like agent known from North America and the third virus to be reported from A. cooleyi in Texas.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ixodes (Afrixodes) Neitzi, n. sp. (Acarina: Ixodidae) from the mountain reedbuck in South Africa.

Ixodes (Afrixodes) neitzi n. sp. is described from females and males collected from the mountain reedbuck (Redunca fulvorufula) at Loskop Dam Nature Reserve, Transvaal, Republic of South Africa. Information is provided to distinguish this new species from other closely related Ixodes species that occur in the Ethiopian region. Its predilection sites are noted and the area in which it occurs is described briefly.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Isolation of a spotted fever group rickettsia from the Pacific Coast tick, Ixodes pacificus, in Oregon.

A rickettsia of the spotted fever group was isolated on three occasions from Ixodes pacificus in western Oregon. These isolations, and additional evidence furnished by complement fixation tests on guinea pigs inoculated with other Oregon ticks of this species, indicate that the association of this rickettsia with the Pacific Coast tick may be widespread. This is the first isolation of a spotted fever group rickettsia from I. pacificus. Because the Oregon isolates are mildly virulent for guinea pigs they resemble the Western U and Rickettsia montana strains of rickettsiae. However, preliminary evidence from cross-immunofluorescence tests of mouse antisera suggests the Tillamook and Grants Pass strains are antigenically different from all known spotted fever group agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ixodes (Afrixodes) Bakeri Arthur & Clifford, 1961 (Acarina: Ixodidae): description of the male and immature stages from rodents and insectivores and notes on its biology in South Africa.

The male, nymph and larva of Ixodes (A), bakeri are described and illustrated with line drawings and scanning electron microscope photographs. This species was originally described from 1 female from Otomys sp., Nyika Plateau, Malawi. The present material consists of 28 collections from insectivores and 19 collections from rodents, Van Riebeeck Nature Reserve, Transvaal, plus 1 collection from a rodent in the Jonkershoek Valley, Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. Its biology in South Africa is also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis group (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Argasidae) of the palearctic and oriental regions. O. (A.) maritimus: identity, marine bird hosts, virus infections, and distribution in western Europe and northwestern Africa.

In 1967, Vermeil and Marguet described Ornithodoros coniceps maritimus from larvae reared from larvae taken from marine birds on Dumet Island (Atlantic Ocean), Basse Bretagne, France. We collected O. (A.) coniceps Canestrini, 1890, from the type locality (Venice, Italy) and determined that the taxons coniceps and maritimus each require full species status. We selected a lectotype and paralectotypes for the taxon maritimus from the original Dumet Island material. The larva of maritimus is redescribed and the nymph, male, and female are described for the first time. Collection data are recorded from Dumet and other islands off France, Aegimures Islands off Tunisia, Puffin Island off northern Wales, and Great Saltee Island off Ireland. This tick infests nesting colonies of the common tern, roseate tern, sandwich tern, herring gull (northern and Mediterranean races), common cormorant, shag, razorbill, common murre, black-legged kittiwake, and probably other marine birds nesting nearby. Adults and nymphs (tentatively identified as maritimus but lacking associated larvae for full confirmation) were taken near nests of the little egret in Lake Tunis, Tunisia. Soldado virus was isolated from Puffin Island tick samples and a Soldado-like virus from Great Saltee Island tick samples. An experimental study of West Nile virus in the Tunisian tick population is reviewed. The birds species associated with maritimus in each collecting locality, and their nesting and resting habits and migration patterns in relation to tick and arbovirus survival and distribution, will be reported in the following paper in this series.

Animals↗