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Biomedical subjects

C M Chen

Publications and source records attributed to C M Chen.

332 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of bleeding duodenal varices.

Bleeding from duodenal varices is a rare finding in patients with liver cirrhosis. We report a 43 year old male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Panendoscopy identified, prominent tortuous varices over the second portion of duodenum with spurting of blood. At first, the varices were treated successfully with sodium tetradecyl sulfate and bleeding stopped. Consequent endoscopic sclerotherapy was done 1 week later. The varices almost disappeared 2 weeks after the second endoscopic sclerotherapy and the patient was in good condition following this.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiological and genetic studies of myotonic dystrophy type 1 in Taiwan.

To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) in Taiwan, DM-suspected patients and their families identified during the period of 1990-2001 had their clinical records reevaluated and the CTG repeat sizes at the DM1 locus examined. A total of 96 subjects belonging to 26 families were identified as DM1 patients, which gave a minimal disease prevalence of 0.46/100,000 inhabitants. Clinical anticipation was frequently observed in affected families, even in some parent-child pairs with transmission contraction of the CTG repeat size. The inverse correlation between age at onset and CTG repeat length was significant only in patients with small expansions. In addition, a DM1 carrier with a childhood-onset son was found to have CTG length heterogeneity in the range of 40-50, indicating that premutation alleles could be unstable during gametogenesis as well as in somatic tissues. Our data demonstrated that DM1 is a rare disease in Taiwan and showed that transmission contraction of repeat size is more likely to occur in alleles with large repeats.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of staphylococcal skin infections in a nursery].

Outbreaks of skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus continue to be a major problem in newborn nurseries. In this report, we described how the staphylococcal skin infections were controlled in the nursery during the last 5 1/2 years. An outbreak of staphylococcal skin infection (totally 29 cases) developed in January 1985, and declined dramatically to 3 cases in March of the same year when 3% hexachlorophene (HCP) bathing was used (period 1-January 1985 to March 1985). The infections increased to 30 cases in May when HCP bathing was discontinued and was replaced by baby soap baths (period 2-April 1985 to May 1985). Once again, HCP bathing (period 3-June 1985 to January 1987) was reinstituted and infection rate was reduced. After discontinuation of HCP (period 4-February 1987 to March 1987), another outbreak of staphylococcal skin infection reappeared. It was controlled again with HCP bathing (period 5-April 1987 to April 1988). Daily baby soap baths were continued during period 6 (May 1988 to October 1988), and skin infections increased again. Finally in period 7 (November 1988 to June 1990), daily baby soaps were reinstituted and a triple dye was applied daily to the cord and to the surrounding skin (1 inch diameter) until discharge. During this period, staphylococcal skin infections was reduced to 1-4 cases and no more outbreaks occurred. Our data confirmed that 3% HCP bathing of newborns reduced the infection rate of Staphylococcus aureus during an endemic period, and supported that triple dye may be an alternative to HCP for preventing staphylococcal skin infection in a newborn nursery.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship of chest roentgenographic features and outcome in meconium aspiration syndrome].

Aspiration of meconium may produce respiratory distress of various severity and outcome. It is the purpose of this study to evaluate the relationship between roentgenographic feature of initial chest roentgenogram (less than 10 hours old) and outcome in infants with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data and initial chest roentgenograms of 65 infants who had MAS and who were admitted to NICU of Mackay Memorial Hospital in 1987. The incidence and the mortality rate in this hospital were 0.33% and 15.4% respectively. Infiltration was seen in 52, consolidation or atelectasis in 18, hyperinflation in 17, air leak in 11, and cardiomegaly in 4. The outcome was similar between infants with the first four features. Four infants with cardiomegaly also had other types of roentgenographic feature and PH value of initial blood gas less than 7.0, which means that their poor outcome was influenced by multiple factors. From this observation we concluded that the initial chest roentgenogram is a useful aid for the diagnosis and treatment of MAS, but it is not suitable for predicting the outcome of infants with MAS.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial hemorrhage in the hemophiliacs.

Five of 34 hemophiliac children suffered from nine episodes of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) from hemophilia A, and another 3 were B hemophiliacs. Diagnoses were confirmed by computed tomographic scan in all nine episodes. The ages of the patients with ICH ranged from 3 months to 4 1/2 years. The most frequent presenting symptoms were headache and vomiting, followed by focal neurological deficits. Eight of 9 episodes had bleeding in multiple regions. All the patients received immediate replacement therapy had recovered without surgical intervention. The duration of treatment was 10 +/- 2 days. All the patients survived and only one of them had neurological sequela as left hand paresis. From this observation we suggest that the treatment of suspected ICH in hemophiliacs should include prompt replacement therapy for either trauma or neurological symptoms in the absence of trauma history, documentation of ICH by computed tomographic scan, and prolonged replacement therapy and control of increased intracranial pressure in hemophiliacs with documented ICH.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of betamethasone on intraocular pressure in nephrotic children.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by Goldmann's or Schiotz's method in 46 nephrotic children, who were treated with betamethasone, and in 40 age-matched normal controls at the Taipei Municipal Chung-Hsin Hospital, from July 1, 1987 to June 30, 1990. We found the difference in mean IOP between patients treated at the end of a full-dose course of betamethasone and normal controls or patients before treatment, was statistically significant. This difference was also found between the measurement of IOP at the end of a full-dose course of betamethasone, and after stopping betamethasone therapy two to four weeks later. Although six of all patients had high IOP and suffered from headache or ocular pain, clinically, at the end of full-dose betamethasone therapy, the symptoms disappeared quickly after tapering or stopping of the drug. Therefore, we believe it is very safe to treat the nephrotic syndrome with betamethasone. On the other hand, these observations indicate that corticosteroid is a causative factor in increasing IOP. Susceptibility to full-dose betamethasone is firmly recognized, and patients need to be monitored on an individual basis. Nephrotic syndrome is a chronic disease which often requires long-term corticosteroid treatment. Children with the syndrome are at risk of developing steroid-induced increasing IOP. Careful ophthalmological examination of nephrotic children, as well as other pediatric patients who received corticosteroid therapy, is highly recommended.

Adolescent↗