STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the potential clinical significance of admixtures of thiopental sodium and acidic drugs, which are used during induction of general anesthesia and can cause the formation of particles of thiopental. DESIGN: Using an infusion setup similar to that used for a rapid-sequence induction of general anesthesia, injection of either pancuronium bromide or vecuronium bromide caused formation of particles of thiopental that were measured using a particle analyzer. The effects of delaying the injection of the muscle relaxant on particle formation and the effects of plasma on particle dissolution were studied. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The thiopental particles had a diameter of 17 to 39 microns, with a concentration of 15,000 to 20,000 particles/ml. Particle formation was prevented when a 30-second delay preceded administration of pancuronium or vecuronium following injection of thiopental. No particle formation was detected when succinylcholine was injected. Human plasma was far more effective than a crystalloid solution in dissolving thiopental particles. CONCLUSIONS: It is unlikely that clinically significant particles of thiopental will remain intact upon entering the bloodstream. However, mixing thiopental with pancuronium or vecuronium has the potential of disrupting intravenous access due to occlusion with particles.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Parliamentary procedure: an easy primer.

Parliamentary procedure is the greatest ally a committee chair or presiding officer can have. It is also an ally for the knowledgeable committee member. The key procedures are the rules governing motions. As long as the correct order of business is observed, every meeting should have a successful outcome. Every participant shares the responsibility for ensuring that the correct outcome is reached. Being knowledgeable about parliamentary procedure is a tremendous asset for any member to have and can be acquired with a little time and effort.

American Medical Association↗