Biomedical subjects

C Lundberg

Publications and source records attributed to C Lundberg.

168 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

An optical method for determining changes in mucosal congestion in the nose in man.

As the methods available for studying physiological and drug-induced changes in mucosal congestion in the nose involve manipulations of the mucosa or alteration of the physiological conditions in the nose, a non-invasive measurement method with a high degree of accuracy has been evolved. According to this method, the subject to be examined is fixed to a measuring apparatus consisting of a microscope with low-power magnification, standing on a mechanical stage. The displacement of the mucosal surface within a small, well-defined area in the nose is studied in the microscope. The method has been tested on 6 volunteers, and statistical calculations show that the overall error is less than +/- 0.37 mm for a measurement value when the greatest observed variation in the swelling was 4 mm. The size of the mucosal area studied was smaller than 3.2 mm x 0.4 mm and the area could be reidentified at different times. As the method has a high degree of accuracy it can be considered suitable for examination of physiologic and drug-induced mucosal changes.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of drainage in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis.

24 patients with maxillary sinusitis were studied with regard to the effect of therapy. 8 of the patients were treated with a single dose of antibiotics and repeated antral aspirations at close intervals. 16 other patients were treated with repeated aspirations only. In the first group, 'cure', in the sense of freedom from retained secretion, was achieved after 3-5 aspirations within 2-10 hours. In the second group, changes in the proteolytic activity and the concentrations of albumin, IgG, IgM and IgA were followed. In purulent secretions the proteolytic activity was high and the concentrations of proteins were low, whereas the proteolytic activity of the serous secretions was low and the concentrations of proteins of the same magnitude as that of the patient serum. As a result of drainage the proteolytic activity was significantly reduced and the concentrations of proteins significantly increased.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Granulocyte protease inhibition in acute and chronic middle ear effusion.

A comparative study was made of granulocyte proteases and protease inhibitors in middle ear effusions (MEE) from patients with acute otitis media (OMA) and serous otitis media (SOM). The mean concentrations of the granulocyte proteases, neutral protease and elastase were three- to fourfold higher in OMA as compared to SOM effusions. The mean concentration of granulocyte elastase in SOM effusions was approximately 1 400, and in OMA effusions 5 500 times higher than the corresponding plasma concentrations. In OMA patients the individual MEE/plasma ratios of the main plasma protease inhibitors, alpha 1-antitrypsin, antichymotrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin, showed a positive uniform correlation with corresponding albumin MEE/plasma ratios. In SOM effusions, the concentration of alpha 2-macroglobulin was low, indicating a restricted membrane passage in SOM. In SOM effusions both alpha 1-antitrypsin and the locally produced antileukoprotease showed a residual inhibitory capacity. In OMA effusions the inhibitory capacity of anti-leukoprotease was saturated, whereas there was a residual inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-antitrypsin. However, in those OMA effusions, where large amounts of alpha 1-antitrypsin complexes with granulocyte proteases were found, most of the remaining free alpha 1-antitrypsin was inactive.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Variation in nasal mucosa congestion during rest.

Since the late nineteenth century, the physiological variation in nasal mucosa congestion has aroused considerable interest (Kayser, 1895). It has been claimed in several reports that a cyclic variation exists in humans at rest (Hasegawa & Kern, 1977; Keunig, 1968). This cyclic variation of the congestion has been found in as many as 80% of the subjects studied (Heetderks, 1927). The measuring methods used in these studies have been rhinoscopy and rhinomanometry, neither of which can be regarded as ideal for the purpose. The accuracy level of rhinoscopy is rather low. Rhinomanometry, on the other hand, is an indirect method utilizing the air pressure and air flow in the nose as parameters. The relationship between these parameters and mucosal congestion is, however, not yet established. An optical measuring method was recently invented that allows the registration of even small changes in the position of the nasal mucosa surfaces (Juto & Lundberg, 1982). Consequently it was decided to apply this method to the study of the variations in mucosal congestion during rest in healthy individuals.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chemotactic properties of retained maxillary sinus secretions.

The chemotactic activity of 82 aspirated maxillary sinus secretions obtained from 32 sinuses in 29 patients was assayed with a modified Boyden chamber technique. The secretions were also analysed with respect to the proteolytic activity according to a modification of a technique described by Moroz. In only 3 of 24 sinus secretions obtained from untreated patients with purulent or mucopurulent sinusitis, but in 5 of 8 serous secretions from untreated patients with serous sinusitis a chemotactic activity exceeding random migration was found. A high proteolytic activity was found to be incompatible with a high chemotactic activity. Regarding mucopurulent and purulent sinusitis, treatment by repeated antral aspiration resulted in an increase of the proportion of chemotactically active secretions and a decrease of the proteolytic activity. Repeated antral aspirations in patients with serous sinusitis resulted in less uniform changes of the chemotactic activity.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nasal mucosa reaction, catecholamines and lactate during physical exercise.

The relation between changes in mucosal congestion, as studied by rhinostereometry, and blood concentrations of lactate, epinephrine and nor-epinephrine was studied in 7 volunteers during physical exercise to effort maximum and a subsequent rest period. In 6 volunteers the mucosa decongested evenly during exercise. The concentration of nor-epinephrine began to rise when half of the mucosal decongestion ability was utilized, but the concentrations of lactate and epinephrine did not rise until almost maximal decongestion was established. When exercise ceased the mucosa recongested rapidly and parallel to the decrease of the epinephrine and nor-epinephrine concentrations. The lactate concentrations remained at a high level until the mucosa had recongested considerably. In two of three tests of the remaining volunteer, after an initial partial decongestion, the mucosa began to recongest during continued exercise but the concentration of lactate, epinephrine and nor-epinephrine increased as in the other 6 volunteers. The present results support the view that nasal mucosa decongestion during exercise is due to sympathetic stimulus, but also show that there may exist a congestive stimulus stronger than the sympathetic stimulus. This latter observation implies the need for direct control of the nasal mucosa congestion during rhinological studies.

Adult↗