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Biomedical subjects

C Lombardo

Publications and source records attributed to C Lombardo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Perforation of the small intestine caused by closed abdominal trauma (review of 16 cases undergoing surgical treatment)].

The cases of 16 patients undergoing surgical treatment for blunt rupture of the small bowel have been reviewed. Male sex was the most affected one, and the traffic accidents were the main cause of this lesion. A high incidence of multiple injuries was noted. Clinical features were often effective in establishing the diagnosis; when performed, peritoneal lavage was always usefull, whereas X-ray did not. Mortality rate was low, in spite of the regular attendance of associated injuries, depending upon early diagnosis and surgical treatment. Only one death is reported, due to the extend of shock, for the associated injuries.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of 15 lysosomal enzymes in chorionic villi and cultured amniotic fluid cells. Early prenatal diagnosis in seven pregnancies at risk for lysosomal storage diseases.

A large number of chorionic villi samples obtained from women undergoing elective first trimester termination of pregnancy was analysed by enzyme assays similar to those applied to cultured amniotic cells. The levels of 15 lysosomal enzymes were compared to those observed in tissue cultures of amniotic cells obtained through amniocentesis at 16-18 weeks of pregnancy and the results were discussed in order to assess the usefulness of trophoblast biopsy for first trimester diagnosis of hereditary lysosomal diseases. The data suggest the applicability of this source of fetal cells for prenatal diagnosis of fifteen respective genetically determined enzyme deficiencies with the probable exception of alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency. Enzyme determinations were performed on chorionic villi samples of two pregnancies at risk for Tay-Sachs disease, three pregnancies for GM1 gangliosidosis type 1, one for mucopolysaccharidosis type VI and one for Wolman's disease.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal diagnosis of Hunter syndrome using chorionic villi.

A case of the Hunter syndrome diagnosed prenatally using chorionic villi is presented. Chorion biopsy was performed in the 10th week of pregnancy. The sample was examined for karyotype and for iduronate sulfatase activity. The fetus was male and the enzyme activity reduced to 4 per cent of normal. Termination of pregnancy occurred at the 11th week.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality assurance guidelines for a biomedical information web system: the working experience of the BreakIT project.

The paper outlines the quality control issues that arise in the implementation of a Web site which delivers biomedical information. At the heart of this study is the need for a methodology to guarantee that the information contained in the site is viable and accurate from both an informatic and a content point of view. This methodology is currently adopted in the Web development of the BreakIT project sponsored by the EU INFO2000 Programme.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structure, function and gene expression of epithelial mucins.

In this review the main characteristics, i.e., structure, function and gene expression, of the different mucins are discussed. Mucin-type molecules consist of a core protein moiety (apomucin) where a number of carbohydrate chains are attached to serines and threonines by glycosidic bonds. O-linked carbohydrates form up to 80% of the molecule and the length of the glucidic side chains varies from one to more than 20 residues. At least eight mucin-like genes have been isolated so far, and the main characteristic is the presence of a central domain composed of a variable number of "tandem repeats". The sequence homology of the central domain among the different members of the mucin-type family is limited, indicating that this internal domain is unique for each mucin. Thanks to the integrated results of genetic, immunological and biochemical studies, it is now possible to identify eight apomucin genes, namely MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6 and MUC7. MUC1 is the best characterized mucin and it is expressed on the apical surface of most polarized epithelial cells. The MUC1 gene has been cloned and sequenced. The MUC2 gene encodes a typical secretory gel-forming mucin which represents the predominant form in human intestinal and colon tissues. Another intestinal mucin is MUC3. The MUC4, MUC5AC and MUC5B genes have been isolated from a bronchial tissue cDNA library. The MUC4 and MUC5AC genes are mainly expressed in the respiratory tract, in gastric and reproductive mucosa, while MUC5B is highly detectable only in the bronchial glands. The MUC6 gene is expressed by gastric tissue and, recently, MUC7 has been cloned and sequenced using a salivary cDNA library.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sustaining Oncology Studies--SOS: information and support for training, research and exploitation in cancer and related biomedical disciplines.

This paper outlines the development of the Sustaining Oncology Studies Information Resources (SOS Europe), a multimedia World Wide Web (WWW) prototype providing support to experimental and clinical cancer researchers, general practitioners, industry personnel, and university students in the field of oncology in Europe and Italy. The system utilizes applications developed for the WWW and is designed in the most easily understandable approaches possible. The prototype now structures oncology-related information available on the Internet and also places resources maintained locally at users' disposal. The system utilizes a WWW browser as a design platform and HTML to build its Home and subpages and to create hyperlinks to internal and external resources.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An attempt of specific desensitising treatment with gliadin in celiac disease.

Gluten-free diet is the current treatment of celiac disease. We decided to verify the occurrence of histological and serological modification and/or clinical manifestations during a gradual and progressive introduction of gliadin in the diet and if it may induce a tolerance to food, as it occurs in allergic patients. We studied the case of a celiac woman with complete clinical and histological remittance after 10 years of gluten free diet. She took increasing daily doses of gliadin, reaching the final dose of 9 g of gliadin (15 g of gluten) in 6 months. Then she started a free dietary regimen. During the 15-month follow-up period esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy showed normal Kerckring folds and villi. Anti-gliadin, anti-endomysium and anti-tissue-transglutaminase antibodies, as well as the haematological and biochemical parameters remained normal. Our results represent a new approach in research concerning celiac disease, and could provide a future line of study for its management.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical trial of oral hyposensitization in systemic allergy to nickel.

Nickel allergy is the most common contact allergy. Some nickel-sensitive patients present systemic (cutaneous and/or digestive) symptoms related to the ingestion of high nickel-content foods, which significantly improve after a specific low nickel-content diet. The etiopathogenetic role of nickel in the genesis of systemic disorders is, furthermore, demonstrated by the relapse of previous contact lesions, appearance of widespread eczema and generalized urticaria-like lesions after oral nickel challenge test. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of a specific oral hyposensitization to nickel in patients with both local contact disorders and systemic symptoms after the ingestion of nickel-containing foods. Inclusion criteria for the recruitment of these patients were (other than a positive patch test) a benefit higher than 80% from a low nickel-content diet and a positive oral challenge with nickel. Based on the previous experiences, our group adopted a therapeutic protocol by using increasing oral doses of nickel sulfate associated to an elimination diet. Results have been excellent: this treatment has been effective in inducing clinical tolerance to nickel-containing foods, with a low incidence of side effects (gastric pyrosis, itching erythema).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Delayed allergy to aminopenicillins: clinical and immunological findings.

Aminopenicillins are the most used beta-lactam antibiotics. Morbilliform or maculopapular rashes are rather frequent during therapy with aminopenicillins. The pathogenesis of these reactions is often due to a cell-mediated allergy. The aim of this work is to characterize patients with cell-mediated allergy to aminopenicillins and to identify alternative beta-lactam drugs that can be safely administered to these patients. We studied 27 subjects affected by cell-mediated allergy to aminopenicillins. The diagnosis was made on the basis of positivity of patch tests with aminopenicillins. These patients then underwent an allergological evaluation (skin and patch tests, oral and/or intramuscular challenge tests) with a wide spectrum of beta-lactam antibiotics. Our work highlights the following main characteristics of cell-mediated allergy to aminopenicillins: time elapsing between drug administration and onset of symptoms of about 2 days; the maculopapular rash and delayed appearance of urticaria/angioedema were the most typical symptoms (82.8 percent of cases); a cross-reactivity with aminocephalosporins is usually absent, or it is limited to cephalexin (in our study, in fact, just 3 out of 20 patients challenged with cephalexin showed a positive oral challenge test); all the beta-lactams, other than aminopenicillins, are well tolerated. Patch tests represent a specific diagnostic tool with a good predictive value of identifying alternative drugs that can be safely administered to patients with beta-lactam allergy. Our patients could tolerate other beta-lactam drugs after a complete allergological evaluation. On the basis of our study, cell-mediated allergy to aminopenicillins should be considered a well-defined nosologic entity.

Administration, Oral↗