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Biomedical subjects

C Levy

Publications and source records attributed to C Levy.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pseudomonas thoracic empyema secondary to nosocomial rhinosinusitis.

Three cases of Pseudomonas thoracic empyema occurring in nasotracheally intubated patients are reported. Paranasal rhinosinusitis, a well documented complication of prolonged nasotracheal intubation, could be the primary infectious location. Massive respiratory tract colonization leads to extensive necrotizing pulmonary lesions. Failure of diagnosis and treatment of sinus involvement could be responsible for persistent or recurrent pleural empyema. Treatment includes continuous pleural drainage, sinusitis treatment and antibiotics. This complication should be considered in the choice between early tracheostomy and prolonged nasotracheal intubation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Extracranial meningioma. Apropos of 7 cases; pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

Meningioma is a benign tumor developing in the meningeal layers. Extracranial meningiomas, seven cases of which are reviewed, are often revealed by ENT signs. In the majority of cases they originate from the cranium and histologic diagnosis (particularly of fresh specimens) is often difficult. A CT scan is the examination of choice for assessing possible extension of these tumors. Treatment often involves the combined efforts of a neurosurgical and an otorhinolaryngologic team.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[An aid in decision-making in hematology: characteristics and performances of the program. 200 cases of anemia].

An aid to decision programme has been applied to 200 cases of anaemia. Evaluation by the bayesian method rested on clinical data (age, sex, race) and laboratory data (blood count and differential, erythrocyte morphology). An accurate diagnosis was made initially in 107 cases, and for the first 5 diseases in 173 cases. The programme proved more effective than two clinicians recently trained in haematology. Devised for micro-computers, it can be used in routine practice and for teaching purposes.

Anemia↗
PubMed1987

Toxoplasma encephalitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome: diagnosis and response to therapy.

Although Toxoplasma gondii is the most commonly recognized cause of central nervous system mass lesions in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, published investigations have provided little information about criteria for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis or the response to therapy. In this series the method of diagnosis and response to therapy were assessed in 14 patients who had evidence for toxoplasmosis based on routine histopathology, immunoperoxidase staining, or mouse inoculation. These patients presented with clinical and radiologic findings that did not clearly distinguish them from patients with other infectious or neoplastic processes. Excisional biopsies usually showed tachyzoites on routine histology, but needle biopsies were usually negative unless mouse inoculation or immunoperoxidase staining was employed. Response to pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine therapy was often prompt, but therapy had to be continued for long periods of time to maintain a clinical response, and no alternative regimen of one or more drugs appeared to be effective in patients unable to tolerate both pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Idiopathic spontaneous adrenal hematoma in adults: echography and x-ray computed tomography. Apropos of 5 cases].

The five patients presented with sudden lumbar pain, transient collapse, and a right hypochondrium palpable mass. The location and the type of the mass could be determined by ultrasonography which showed a septated heterogenous mass displacing the retroperitoneal fat anteriorly. Computed tomography showed in two cases tiny parietal calcifications and a spontaneous hyperdensity in one case. All the patients underwent surgery and no tumoral tissue could be found.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[Intraoperative abdominopelvic radiotherapy by single dose electrons].

Thirty-four patients received, during laparotomy, a 15-20 Gy localized irradiation from a 10-13 MeV beam of electrons supplied by a linear accelerator and focalized by means of a localizer especially designed for this purpose. This technique is indicated for localized residual tumours of the pelvis and intra-operative irradiation of the lumbar aorta, as part of a chemo-radiotherapeutic programme in patients with advanced cancer of the cervix. It is too early to evaluate the medium-term results, but the technique is very well tolerated immediately.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Tuberculous aortitis presenting with an aortoduodenal fistula: a case report.

An elderly man with tuberculous aortitis presented with massive gastrointestinal bleeding resulting from an aortoduodenal fistula. Aortic resection was successful, and he has done well over a 12 year period. The organism was recovered from the aorta and also seen on section of the neighboring lymph nodes. Although tuberculous aortitis is rare, it should be considered in a patient with prior history of tuberculosis who has developed evidence of aortic disease, aneurysm, or massive gastrointestinal bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Conservative surgery of cancer of the larynx. Cordectomy, hemilaryngectomy, supraglottic laryngectomy].

Of a total of 219 partial laryngectomies performed, 119 were cordectomies, 30 hemilaryngectomies and 70 supraglottic laryngectomies. Results of each type of operation are presented with emphasis on problems of local recurrences, evidence of validity of procedure selected and of its indications. Analysis of results, with the reservation that indications were sometimes wide but always reasonable, showed an extremely low incidence of recurrences, the quality of the resection (limited or insufficient) having finally little incidence on the latter, except perhaps in the supraglottic laryngectomies. It is suggested, therefore, that no attempt should be made to "recover" a histologically detected insufficient excision by complementary radiotherapy not required in principle. This assists follow up review and allows secondary therapy if an unfavorable course is noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Incidence of thrombocytopenia and serious hemorrhage among patients with solid tumors.

To evaluate the incidence of thrombocytopenia and bleeding among patients with solid tumors treated intensively with chemotherapy, the records of 1274 patients treated between 1972 and 1980 on protocols known to produce significant myelosuppression were reviewed. Three hundred one patients with solid tumors (breast, lung, melanoma, sarcoma, primary brain, testicular, hypernephroma and others) experienced 5063 days of thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 50,000/microliters) and 670 days of severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 20,000/microliters). The median number of days thrombocytopenia was 6 (range, 1-250). There were only 44 episodes of clinically detectable serious bleeding, primarily gastrointestinal (26/44), during thrombocytopenia and all but seven episodes first occurred at platelet counts between 20,000-50,000/microliters. Fifteen of the 44 bleeding episodes were associated with coagulation abnormalities, 24 occurred during serious infection, and 12 occurred at sites of tumors. One hundred forty-seven of the 301 patients (49%) received platelet transfusions. In 86 thrombocytopenic patients with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, there was no evidence of CNS bleeding during thrombocytopenia. Hemorrhagic deaths were uncommon, and of the 12 patients who died of bleeding, 7 had normal counts. There is a very low incidence of significant thrombocytopenia or bleeding among patients with solid tumors treated with combination chemotherapy or experimental agents escalated to maximally tolerated doses. These data suggest that with respect to thrombocytopenic bleeding intensive treatment of patients with solid tumors can be pursued with relative safety utilizing the standard transfusion supportive measures now widely available.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical treatment of Basedow's disease. II--Evaluation of 36 subtotal thyroidectomies].

Results of subtotal thyroidectomy in 36 patients with Graves' disease emphasize the need for strict medical preparation, with the administration of corticoids more particularly, and the technical imperatives required during operation. Analysis of endocrine factors showed that euthyroidism was obtained in 76% of cases with a fairly stable state after 6 months. Hyperthyroidism was rare and developed before the end of the first year. Hypothyroidism, mainly biologic, was frequent during the immediate postoperative period but compensatory hypertrophy of remaining tissue was the usual outcome. It was persistent in 14% of cases, however, but easily compensated by substitutive therapy and a less severe complication than prolonged hyperthyroidism. Biologic hypocalcemia was also frequent but normal levels were reinstituted rapidly. Surgical treatment of Graves' disease is usually effective and rapidly performed, and is particularly indicated when socio-ethnic conditions make medical treatment difficult or impossible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Adenine arabinoside: hope in the treatment of chronic virus B hepatitis].

Five patients presenting with HBs Ag and HBe Ag-positive chronic hepatitis were treated with adenosine arabinoside (Vidarabine) in doses of 15 mg/kg/day. The drug was administered by intravenous infusion in 2 series of 5 infusions each separated by 2-day intervals. Two patients had a second course 4 months after the first one. There were no clinical or biochemical adverse reactions. Following treatment, serum transaminase levels returned to normal. All patients became HB Ag-negative, with presence of anti-HBe antibody in three; two patients became HBs Ag-negative, with presence of anti-HBs antibody in one. Although very short, this series should encourage further therapeutic studies, including a controlled, randomized trial in a large number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Familial form of total digestive aganglionosis with absence of nerve fibers].

Two familial cases of intestinal aganglionosis with lack of innervation concerning the whole digestive tract from the rectum to the esophagus are reported. The relationships between this histologic picture and that found in classical Hirschsprung's disease are discussed. The lack of obstructive symptom makes the diagnosis difficult; however, it should be suspected in the presence of intraluminal calcifications in the small bowel. The familial incidence of the condition seems to be high. A recessive autosomal transmission is likely. Neurologic signs resembling those in dysautonomia lead to suspect an extensive disorder of the development of the neural crest.

Diagnosis, Differential↗