Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Levene

Publications and source records attributed to C Levene.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Polyagglutination in hospitalized patients: a prospective study.

A hospital population at high risk for red cell polyagglutination was studied prospectively in search for cryptantigen exposure. The patients included in this study suffered from: malignancies, sepsis, direct antiglobulin test (DAT) negative anemias and various combinations of these three. 238 patients were examined, and 18 of these (7.6%) were found to have exposed cryptantigens on their erythrocytes. This is an unexpectedly high percentage. Our findings suggest that cryptantigen exposure on the red cells is a more common phenomenon than previously described, especially when looked for in a carefully chosen population. The red cells of these patients are potentially polyagglutinable, and screening with lectins will ensure their pretransfusion identification and evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Early treatment by plasmapheresis in a woman with multiple abortions and the rare blood group p.

Women with the rare blood group p are known to have an increased rate of abortions. The case of a 36-year-old woman is presented who had had 7 spontaneous abortions in the first trimester and no live child. When treated by plasma exchange begun early in pregnancy and continued until the 29th week, she delivered a normal child. Time to begin, amount and length of time necessary to continue plasma exchange in these patients are considered. In addition, the question of which fraction of the anti-PP1Pk could be responsible for abortion is discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a woman of p phenotype with no live children but with multiple abortions treated by this method, which should be seriously considered in similar cases.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1987

Tx polyagglutination in three members of one family.

A case of acute haemolytic anaemia is described in a child. Tx polyagglutination of his red cells was observed, but no direct association with the anaemia could be proved. Polyagglutination was suspected because of irregularities in the AB0 blood grouping. Confirmation of the cryptantigen Tx was made when the patient's red cells were tested with lectins including Arachis hypogaea, Glycine soja, and Vicia cretica. Examination of family members showed Tx polyagglutination on the red cells of 2 siblings. The Tx polyagglutination was a transient phenomenon lasting 4-5.5 months, and could have been caused as the result of some unidentified bacterial or viral infection. Guidelines for transfusion therapy are suggested in patients in whom polyagglutination is recognised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Severe reversible autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia associated with diclofenac therapy.

Severe immune haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia developed in a 71-year-old female within 10 d of starting diclofenac (Voltarol) therapy. These complications resolved within 3 weeks of discontinuation of the drug and corticosteroid therapy. A warm autoantibody of the IgG type together with C3 was found in the direct antiglobulin test of the patient's RBC. The patient's serum and RBC eluate contained a warm autoantibody which reacted with all commercial panel cells without the addition of diclofenac, and gave a negative reaction with Rh null and -D- RBC. This pattern of interactions is similar to haemolysis associated with alpha-methyldopa, indicating the presence of autoantibodies directed against structural components common to all Rh antigens. The coexistence of immune thrombocytopenia and immune haemolytic anaemia is suggestive of an autoimmune disease caused by modified T-cell regulation. Although immune haemolytic anaemia is a rare complication of diclofenac therapy, our observations illustrate the severity of haemolytic anaemia in the occasional patient and stress the need for increased awareness of such a development.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Genetic polymorphisms among Bukharan and Georgian Jews in Israel.

Bukharan and Georgian Jews have lived in central Asia for many centuries. Approximately 30,000 Bukharan and 37,000 Georgian Jews lived in their respective countries within the USSR between 1920 and 1960. Genetic markers of blood--blood groups, isoenzymes, HLA antigens, and gamma and kappa chain allotypes--were tested in blood samples from 113 Bukharan and 134 Georgian Jews living in Israel. Estimates of inbreeding were low: alpha = 0.0088 for Bukharan and alpha = 0.0011 for Georgian Jews. G6PD deficiency was relatively rare in Bukharan (2.2%) and in Georgian Jews (6.0%), when compared to other Jews in the area. Both populations showed frequencies of some markers similar to that of other Jewish populations, but frequencies of several markers were extremely high or low. Bukharan Jews showed very high frequencies of B(0.243), cDe (0.122), JkA (0.705), HLA-A29 (0.167), A30 (0.116) and B7 (0.124), and AcPA (0.451) and very low ones of O(0.518), CDe(0.422), AcPB (0.513) and GLO1 (0.140). Very high frequencies in Georgian Jews were observed for cDE (0.189), HLA-A3 (0.194), Bw35 (0.300) and GLO1 (0.367). Yet the greatest difference between both populations was in African characters. While in Bukharan Jews Fy was very frequent (0.146) and cDe was the highest observed among Jews (0.122), neither of these markers was detected among the Georgian Jews tested. Yet, another African character, the Gm1,5,10,11,13,14,17,26 haplotype, occurred in both populations (0.028 and 0.042 in Bukharan and Georgian Jews, respectively). Distance measures for Bukharan, Georgian, Iranian, Cochin, and Libyan Jews based on 13 polymorphic loci showed the greatest distance between Cochin Jews and the other populations and the smallest distance between the Georgian and Iranian Jews.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1984

Further examples of human anti-Me found in sera of Israeli donors.

A number of Israeli donors had anti-M in their sera, a proportion of which cross-reacted with N He(+) red cells. Anti-Me was detected and while the reactivity with M and He determinants could be separated by using trypsin-treated red cells, the cross-reactivity for M and He determinants was complete in absorption experiments. One serum had anti-M separable from anti-Me and another apparent anti-M was absorbed by trypsin-treated N He(+) red cells.

Absorption↗
PubMed1984

The distribution of ABO, MNSs, Rhesus, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood groups of Jews originating from 20 countries.

The distribution of red blood cell antigens of 10,000 Jewish Israeli men are presented by their country of birth. The ABO, MNSs, Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood groups were examined, and their frequencies were analyzed for each of 20 countries of birth. These results can serve as control and reference data for various studies, both basic and applied, concerning Jewish communities. The data are shown in various ways: phenotype and allele frequencies are presented alphabetically by countries of birth, and the allele frequencies are also shown by lowest to highest frequencies among the communities. The data indicate that Jews from Europe and Morocco tend to have intermediate allele frequencies. At the extremes are mainly Jews from Yemen, Aden and Yugoslavia. These observations are in accordance with previous studies on genetic distances.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Surface reaction of Leishmania. III. Ulex europaeus II lectin affinity for excreted factor (EF) serotype A strains.

Eukaryotic parasites, including species of Leishmania, acquire or synthesize carbohydrate moieties similar to human blood group antigens. Leishmanial strains separate into three serotypes: A, B and AB. All strains containing the A component are agglutinated by Ulex europaeus lectin. Inhibition by haptene sugar suggests that a Ulex II-like receptor is involved. Organic solvents, but not protease treatment, remove its reactivity, suggesting that the receptor is a glycolipid.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Cytotoxicity of anti-PP1Pk antibodies and possible relationship with early abortions of p mothers.

IgG and IgM anti-PP1Pk antibodies of human sera from p individuals were examined for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells (RBC) of various P phenotypes and to mediate ADCC of these RBC by human effector cells. Agglutinating antibodies were found in either the IgG or the IgM fraction, while ADCC active antibodies were found mainly in the IgG fraction and were essentially cytotoxic with Pk RBC. The possible relationship of these antibodies with early abortions of p mothers is discussed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1983

The Rh antigen Tar (Rh40) causing haemolytic disease of the newborn.

Haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), in the fifth child of an Israeli of Moroccan origin, disclosed anti-Tar in the serum of the mother. This anti-Tar, the second reported example, is the first to cause HDN and was stimulated by previous pregnancies. Tests on blood from the family show that the Tar antigen in this family is associated with a CDe complex which gives rise to a weak expression of the D antigen. A study of 1327 donors in Jerusalem revealed one Tar + propositus.

Coombs Test↗
PubMed1983

Autoimmunity and the Kell blood groups: auto-anti-Kpb in a Kp(a+b-) patient.

An example of auto-anti-Kpb in a Kp(a+b-) patient is described. The antibody present in the patient's serum and in eluates from her red cells was IgG. It did not bind complement, and did not cause in vivo hemolysis. 9 months after recognition of the autoimmune state the direct antiglobulin test had become negative and anti-Kpb was no longer detectable. It is postulated that autoimmunity involving the Kell blood group may be precipitated by antigens or enzymes of microbial origin.

Adult↗