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Biomedical subjects

C Larroche

Publications and source records attributed to C Larroche.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Intravenously administered gamma-globulins in reactive hemaphagocytic syndrome. Multicenter study to assess their importance, by the immunoglobulins group of experts of CEDIT of the AP-HP].

Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome is characterized by systemic proliferation and activation of benign hemophagocytic cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Treatment should be directed to the etiology, but successful treatment with high-dose gamma-globulin has been reported, especially in viral-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. We report 17 patients, of which 9 had infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, all treated with high-dose gamma-globulin. High-dose gamma-globulins appear to be more effective in infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, with a mean dose of 1.6gm/kg for one or two cycles. A multicentric randomized study is required to evaluate high-dose gamma-globulin in the treatment of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Systemic reaction induced my minocycline treatment: a report of four patients and a review of the literature].

We report four cases of the side effects of minocycline seen during the last two years in our department. There was one case of drug-related lupus and three cases of hypersensitivity reactions, including one eosinophilic pneumopathy with pericarditis, one nephropathy and one severe, pseudo-infectious episode of high fever, rash, lympadenopathy, hepatitis and eosinophilia. Minocycline is a tetracycline agent widely used for acne therapy in France and all over the world. During the last few years, there has been an increasing number of reports concerning systemic adverse reactions to minocycline, with on the one hand auto-immune disorders (lupus, autoimmune hepatitis, vascularitis with ANCA), occurring after a prolonged course of therapy and reported recently in the last few years, and on the other hand, hypersensitivity reactions (eosinophilic pneumopathies, hepatitis, nephropathies, myocarditis, serum sickness or pseudo-infectious reactions), occurring precociously in the course of therapy, and potentially severe. Although these side effects are uncommon in the context of the high number of patients who have been prescribed the drug, the first-line antibiotic therapy in acne must probably be reconsidered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines in the renal involvement of POEMS syndrome.

The POEMS syndrome is a multisystemic syndrome associated with plasma cell dyscrasia, characterized by the combination of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes. Renal involvement in POEMS syndrome is rare (26 reported cases). It has been described as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesions (MPGN-like), mesangiolytic glomerulonephritis, or thrombotic microangiopathy. Proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6) have been implicated in the physiopathogenesis of POEMS syndrome, particularly when there is renal involvement. Growth factors (FGF-beta, TGF-beta, PDGF) have been implicated in renal lesions of the same histological type but of different origins. An increase in serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported in POEMS syndrome (20 of 22 cases). Circulating levels of these factors were determined in 4 patients with POEMS and renal involvement (3 MPGN-like, 1 MPGN-like, and mesangiolysis) and compared with those obtained in 4 patients with POEMS without clinical renal involvement and in 4 patients with primitive membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were determined with an immunoradiometric assay, and VEGF, PDGF, FGF-beta, and TGF-beta with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the patients with POEMS syndrome, there was no difference in proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors between those with or without renal involvement. VEGF is the only growth factor that differentiates MPGN in POEMS syndrome from primitive MPGN.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Determination of the reaction yield during biotransformation of the volatile and chemically unstable compound beta-ionone by aspergillus niger

Biotransformation of beta-ionone by Aspergillus niger IFO 8541 was a complex system, due to the low precursor solubility in water (0.88 mol/m(3)) which gave a two-phase liquid system, its high volatility (vapor pressure 7.2 Pa), and its poor chemical stability. A dynamic model, considering transfers between organic, aqueous, and gas layers, was established. It also took into account the decrease in organic layer area exchange during a process, due to progressive precursor disappearance. Its solving needed separate determination of two parameters. The first-order kinetic constant for chemical degradation, K(1), was estimated from side experiments involving a model system at thermodynamic equilibrium; its value was found to be close to 4.17 x 10(-)(6) s(-)(1). The volumetric transfer coefficient between gas and aqueous phase was estimated by analogy with results obtained for oxygen transfer. Results obtained demonstrated high liquid-gas transfer rates, while liquid-liquid transfers were severely limited. These data were then used to estimate the true yield of a biotransformation experiment, which was found to be close to unity.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[Common variable immunodeficiency: one or multiple illnesses? 3 clinical cases].

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a major antibody-deficiency syndrome, associated with increased risk of bacterial infection, as well as autoimmune and granulomatous disease. The clinical and immunological features are heterogeneous. This heterogeneity is expressed by the case reports of three selected patients. These observations will be discussed, with reference to a recent classification of CVID distinguishing four different clinical entities: i) CVID presenting with clinical and immunological features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia; ii) CVID presenting with clinical and immunological features of X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome; iii) CVID associated with systemic granulomatous disease; and iiii) CVID associated with autoimmune manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Pulmonary hypertension in POEMS syndrome: a new feature mediated by cytokines.

POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome is a rare variant of plasma cell dyscrasia with multiple systemic manifestations. We followed the progress of 20 patients with POEMS syndrome in our institution over a 10-yr period. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was observed in five patients. All patients suffered dyspnea on exertion, which always appeared during an exacerbation of POEMS syndrome. The typical echocardiographic signs of PH were observed in all of these patients, and the median pulmonary-artery systolic pressure was 57 mm Hg (range, 50 to 65 mm Hg). Mean pulmonary-artery pressure during right side heart catheterization in two patients was 32 mm Hg. No other explanation for the PH could be found. Overproduction of cytokines was found in all cases, with high serum concentrations of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor. We suggest that PH should be added to the list of symptoms of POEMS syndrome. Cytokines may mediate POEMS syndrome-associated PH, as proposed for the other systemic manifestations of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Papillary edema and the POEMS syndrome].

POEMS syndrome is a multisystem disorder associated with plasma cell dyscrasia. Papilloedema is a feature of this syndrome with an incidence ranging from 33% to 84% in published reports. Its pathogenesis remains unclear. We present an observation that clearly demonstrates the difficulties to diagnose this affection. POEMS syndrome can be accepted as one of the various etiologies of papilloedema. Considering this observation and the recent publications, different pathological hypothesis are reviewed.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1997

Special transformation processes using fungal spores and immobilized cells.

Although many microbial processes have been described which are able to produce interesting aroma compounds, the number of industrial applications are limited. Reasons for this are in most cases low final product yield, low biotransformation rates, substrates and/or end-products inhibition, toxicity towards the microorganisms themselves and difficulties of recovery from the bioreaction mixture. This means that the development of specific catalysts and processes is an important challenge for researchers in this field. This review presents two special kinds of catalysts, fungal spores and immobilized cells, with emphasis on their production and on their use in the production of aroma compounds. The production of fungal spores by solid state fermentation is described in greater detail. In the second part, this review also offers examples of development of three production processes, the production of methyl ketones of spores of Penicillium roquefortii, the hydroxylation of beta-ionone by immobilized Aspergillus niger cells, and the production of alkyl pyrazines by bacteria in liquid and solid media. For each of these processes, the analysis of limiting steps-biological and/or physico-chemical-is presented and the significant role of process conditions to increase aroma yield is discussed.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1996

[Castleman's disease].

Castleman's disease, also called angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia was first described as a distinct entity by Castleman et al in 1956. Two forms are now described a localized and a multicentric. The clinical and biological signs are varied and heterogeneous, and the diagnostic is made on the histologic examination. This atypical lymphoproliferative disorder is of unknown origin, but interleukin 6 play a central part in this disease. Despite the benignity of this "prelymphoma state", an aggressive course with poor prognosis occur usually in the multicentric form. Malignant lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma have been associated with Castleman's disease.

Castleman Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Isolated ocular recurrence of relapsing polychondritis. Apropos of a case].

Ocular manifestations of relapsing polychondritis occur in 60% of patients, most often in association with other systemic manifestations of the disease. Episcleritis is the most common manifestation, but scleral perforation, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis and necrotizing scleritis can lead to blindness and require the use of immunosuppressive agents. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with diffuse bilateral scleritis as the single manifestation of relapsing polychondritis. High dose steroids were used with success.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of water distribution in cell pellets using nonlabeled sodium thiosulfate as an interstitial space marker.

A procedure for determination of the intracellular water content of cells using a single, nonlabeled solute as an interstitial space marker is proposed. Sodium thiosulfate, which can be accurately assayed by a tritrimetric method, is found to be a good compound for this purpose. Cells are recovered both by filtration and centrifugation; the two techniques gave the same value for internal water, i.e., 650 mg of H2O/g of wet matter for Corynebacterium melassecola and 390 mg of H2O/g of wet matter for Penicillium roquefortii spores. The methodology of data handling, based on a regression technique, is also described. It allows one to obtain very reliable results and should be useful for any marker.

Biotechnology↗