Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C L Taylor.
A pilot case study examining the effects of inhibitive ankle-foot orthoses on functional motor performance in a child with spastic diplegia is presented. Both qualitative and quantitative changes occurred, lending support to the efficacy of inhibitive orthoses in improving motor performance in children with cerebral palsy.
Systemic infection with Histoplasma capsulatum induced a granulomatous inflammatory response in the lymphoreticular organs of C57BL/6 mice that was associated with elevated levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the spleens. To determine the influence of ACE on the granulomatous response, either captopril or MK 421, two inhibitors of ACE, were administered intraperitoneally to mice 6 h after intravenous injection of H. capsulatum and then daily for 1 week. Each ACE inhibitor sharply reduced ACE activity in the spleens of infected mice. Both drugs worsened the clinical severity of infection and significantly increased the growth of H. capsulatum in livers and spleens of mice infected for 1 week. The histopathological changes in mice given captopril were more severe, with massive infiltrates of macrophages in proximity to large aggregates of yeasts. Conversely, the administration of captopril for 2 weeks during the resolving phases of infection did not slow the healing of the granulomatous lesions, nor did it provoke a relapse of infection. Captopril did not promote the growth of H. capsulatum in artificial medium. This drug was not cytotoxic to peripheral blood leukocytes or to splenic leukocytes from normal and infected mice. Administration of captopril to normal mice for 1 week did not depress the response of splenocytes of concanavalin A or to phytohemagglutinin, nor did it diminish delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in vivo. Finally, captopril did not augment the growth of H. capsulatum within macrophages. Our results suggest that ACE may participate in the regulation of the granulomatous inflammatory response to H. capsulatum and that ACE inhibition impairs the protective effects of granulomatous inflammation during acute H. capsulatum infection.
A reproducible model of disseminated blastomycosis was established in C57BL/6 mice by intravenous injection of 10(6) yeast-phase Blastomyces dermatiditis organisms. The infection progressed over 5 weeks to involve lungs, brains, superficial fascia, livers, and spleens of mice. By week 5, there was a greater number of organisms in lungs and brains than in livers and spleens. The tissue response in lungs, brains, and livers progressed from acute neutrophilic invasion before week 1 to pyogranuloma formation by week 5. Lymph nodes and spleens were remarkably spared. By week 5, infected mice became anergic to intradermal challenge with both specific Blastomyces antigen and a nonspecific antigen (sheep erythrocytes). At this time, the response to concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin by splenocytes was markedly less than that of normal controls. Likewise, the plaque-forming cell response to sheep erythrocytes by splenocytes from infected mice was diminished. In coculture studies, splenocytes from 5-week-infected mice reduced the plaque-forming cell response by normal splenocytes. The development of this murine model should prove useful for elucidating the perturbations of immunoregulation associated with disseminated blastomycosis.
In western societies, homosexuals must solve problems of how to recognize one another, meet and socialize while avoiding hostility and punishment. In the United States a preferred approach is to establish exclusive homosexual locales; but in Mexico, interaction problems are solved primarily in heterogeneous situations. The article shows how this is accomplished. The material is analyzed using game theory, a perspective which assumes that homosexual interaction exhibits qualities generally associated with games and can be analyzed utilizing concepts such as players, teams, rules, points, winning, and losing. The article also illustrates ways in which cultural determinants shape homosexual social organization in different western societies.
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The finding of metaplastic fibroelastic cartilage in both vestibular folds of the larynx of an Orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus) prompted the search for similar tissue in the same situation in 111 unselected human larynges removed at autopsy. Fibroelastic cartilage was found in both vestibular folds in three cases, being unilateral in a further four instances. The formation of this cartilage was preceded by the accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharide between fine collagen bundles within the vestibular fold followed by enlargement and alteration of the fibrocytes to resemble chondrocytes. These changes were found in 43 vestibular folds, and were bilateral in 10 cases.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
We prospectively assessed the influence of aging on the prevalence of valvular regurgitation by using color flow imaging. One hundred eighteen healthy volunteers (21 to 82 years old) had a two-dimensional Doppler echocardiographic study that included color flow imaging to assess valvular regurgitation and that was semiquantitated by mapping the dimensions of the color flow regurgitant jet in orthogonal views. The subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of subjects who were younger than 50 years old (n = 61), and group 2 consisted of subjects who were at least 50 years old (n = 57). Mitral regurgitation was detected in 57 (48%) of the 118 subjects: 24 subjects (39%) in group 1 and 33 subjects (58%) in group 2. The severity of mitral regurgitation was trivial to mild. Aortic regurgitation was detected in 13 (11%) of the 118 subjects, all in group 2. The severity was trivial to mild. Tricuspid regurgitation was detected in 77 (65%) of the 118 subjects: 35 (57%) in group 1 and 42 (74%) in group 2. The severity was trivial to mild. Pulmonary regurgitation was detected in 24 (31%) of 78 subjects: nine (22%) in group 1 and 15 (41%) in group 2. The severity was trivial. These findings suggest that valvular regurgitation of a trivial or mild degree is a frequent finding in normal subjects and that it increases with age.
The utility of transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in patients with aortic dissection was assessed by retrospective analysis in 67 patients: 31 patients with DeBakey type I, 21 patients with type II, 10 patients with type III, and five patients with false-positive diagnoses. Aortic dissection was correctly identified by two-dimensional echocardiography in 49 patients; 13 had false-negative diagnoses. Therefore the sensitivity was 79%, and the positive predictive accuracy was 91%. Transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography is a reasonable screening technique for diagnosis of aortic dissection.