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Biomedical subjects

C L Lee

Publications and source records attributed to C L Lee.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Inhibition of human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia by a monoclonal antibody in xenograft models.

To establish xenograft models of human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we inoculated 5 x 10(6) D10-1 cells, a subline of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B-cell CLL with a marker chromosomal anomaly, into SCID or irradiated nude mice by the intravenous (i.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. All i.p. tumor-inoculated mice developed rapidly progressive, lethal ascites tumor, and 100% of i.v. tumor-inoculated mice developed disseminated CLL. All mice died of tumor within 8 weeks of tumor inoculation. Tumor-inoculated SCID mice died earlier with wider tumor dissemination than the tumor-inoculated nude mice. All the tumor-inoculated mice had histologically confirmed metastases in lymph nodes, and most of them also had metastases in one or more internal organs. Cytogenetic analysis confirmed the origin of these tumors from the xenografted D10-1 cells. The D10-1 cells harvested from the xenografts did not differ from the parent D10-1 cells as regards (i) reactivity with 2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against CLL-associated cell-surface antigens; (ii) rate of proliferation in vitro; and (iii) sensitivity to the 2 chemotherapeutic agents, methotrexate and adriamycin. Administration of 50 micrograms/mouse of Dal B02, an IgG1 (kappa) MAb directed against surface-associated antigens of human B-cell CLL, significantly prolonged the survival of D10-1-inoculated nude and SCID mice. The MAb was more effective in D10-1-inoculated nude mice than in SCID mice. In all the D10-1 xenograft models, the effectiveness of Dal B02 decreased with higher tumor load but increased with the amount of MAb injected. Dal B02 F(ab)'2 fragment failed to demonstrate any anti-tumor activity in D10-1-inoculated nude mice. In vitro assays revealed that Dal B02 had no direct inhibitory effect on D10-1 cells, but could be cytotoxic towards D10-1 cells in the presence of splenic cells or peritoneal macrophages from nude and SCID mice, or together with rabbit complement.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and tumor localization of two anti-human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia monoclonal antibodies and their F(ab)'2 fragments in a xenograft model.

We investigated the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and tumor localization of intravenously injected Dal B01 and Dal B02, two monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against tumor associated antigens on human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells, and their F(ab)'2 fragments in nude mice bearing xenografts of the human B cell CLL line D10-1. More of the percentages of the injected dose (% ID) of these two MoAbs and their F(ab)'2 fragments specifically localized in the tumor xenografts than in normal tissues. Compared to intact MoAbs, their F(ab)'2 fragments had lower % ID in tumors and were cleared from circulation faster. Well-defined tumor images were obtained at 24 and 48 h after administration of [131I]Dal B02 F(ab)'2 fragment and at 96-192 h after administration of [131I]Dal B02. A comparison between intravenous and intraperitoneal routes of administration of [131I]Dal B02 did not reveal any difference in the localization of % ID in tumor or normal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Trauma case review: survival following impalement.

Prehospital care of patients with penetrating wounds must begin within minutes of the injury; definitive treatments should be initiated within an hour. Due to the advanced skills of the paramedics, nurses, doctors, and ancillary personnel, this patient arrived in the operating room within an hour of his accident. Fortunately, the impaled reinforcement rods missed the vital structures within the patient's thoracic and pleural cavities and spared his lower abdominal organs, vascular structures, and skeletal structures in his groin. This case study illustrates the importance of coordinated efforts in caring for this patient from the prehospital setting through the emergency department and operating room.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of Bacillus cereus in the feces of healthy adults in Taipei City.

Fecal specimens from 100 healthy adults were collected and examined for the presence of Bacillus cereus which has been associated with 28% of the outbreaks of food poisoning on Taiwan within the last 3 years. Total isolate rate from these specimens was 8%. Variations in isolation rates were found not only in sexes, but also in different age-groups. Therefore, presence of B. cereus in the feces of healthy adults may be unpredictable and relate to foods consumed or to other factors. Obviously, an isolation rate of B. cereus as high as 30% during the outbreak investigation is still not a strong evidence to implicate this organism as an etiological agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A preliminary report on Borrelia burgdorferi infection in the Taiwan area.

A total of 273 serum specimens from different areas and sources were tested against Borrelia burgdorferi antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Positive rates of serological reactions were 3% and 58% for healthy persons and syphilis patients, respectively. Obviously, there was a lot of cross-reaction in the venereal disease group. Meanwhile, positive rates were 3% and 13% in the sera collected from Taiwan and Orchid Island, respectively. This difference may reflect a less developed environment in the latter. Since reported cases of Lyme disease in Taiwan are rare, serologic tests are usually adapted for rapid diagnosis in common laboratories. As for disease confirmation, clinical observations, epidemiological data and exposure in an endemic area must also be considered.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1993

Urinary chorionic gonadotropin subunits and beta-core in nonpregnant women. A study of benign and malignant gynecologic disorders.

BACKGROUND: The presence of urinary excretion products of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been proposed as a tumor marker. To ascertain the clinical value in gynecologic cancers, the authors studied 612 nonpregnant women. METHODS: Three different assays in four clinical groups were compared: no disease, benign disease, malignant disease, and complete remission of previously treated malignant disease. The assays were for the urinary beta-core, "total" beta-hCG, and free alpha-subunit. RESULTS: Measurement of the alpha-subunit was of no obvious clinical value. In some patients with benign disease, hCG metabolites were elevated. In the 141 patients with active gynecologic malignancy the sensitivity of the total beta-hCG assay was 47% and that of the beta-core assay was 36%. The specificities were 80.3% and 90.4%, respectively. Advanced cancers generally had higher levels of total beta-hCG and beta-core. Squamous cell and poorly differentiated cervical tumors had higher levels of total beta-hCG than did adenocarcinomas and well-differentiated cervical tumors. Invasive, serous, endometrioid, and germ cell ovarian tumors had higher total beta-hCG, beta-core, and alpha-subunit levels than did borderline, mucinous, and clear cell ovarian tumors. Six of 16 patients with disease in complete remission had elevated levels. CONCLUSION: The excretion of hCG and its metabolic fragments is a common event in gynecologic cancer, but sensitivity and specificity are low, and there is little consistent relationship between tumor stage and histologic type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

The management of ovarian cysts by sono-guided transvaginal cyst aspiration.

Nineteen transvaginal, sono-guided ovarian cyst punctures were performed in 18 patients. These patients, who were high surgical risks, were diagnosed to possess benign ovarian tumors as revealed with sonography. Aspiration curettage of the inner surface of the cyst present during aspiration was also performed to facilitate cytologic diagnosis. The recurrence rate was 11.1%. Sono-guided transvaginal cyst aspiration has been demonstrated here to be the treatment of choice for dealing with an ovarian cyst in patients at high surgical risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

No detrimental effects in delaying initiation of gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if delaying initiation of exogenous gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is a realistic option to avoid scheduling clinical and laboratory work on weekends/holidays. DESIGN, PATIENTS: A review of 57 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in which, after pituitary desensitization with GnRH-a, initiation of gonadotropin administration were delayed in an attempt to avoid off-hour work. Thirty-eight IVF cohort cycles served as control. SETTING: Tertiary medical center. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in ovarian response, dose of gonadotropin required, oocytes and embryos obtained, pregnancy rates, and abortion rates between groups. Eighty-three percent of the delayed cycles had clinical and laboratory work that fell within weekdays. CONCLUSION: Delaying initiation of exogenous gonadotropin administration after pituitary desensitization had no detrimental effects on IVF outcomes. It may be used to avoid scheduling work on weekends/holidays.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prospective study of abdominal ultrasonography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

To investigate the role of abdominal ultrasonography (US) in predicting possible difficulties during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we performed preoperative US evaluation prospectively in 82 consecutive patients. We correlated our predictions of "easy" and "difficult" with difficulties experienced at operation in surgery. The binary outcomes were analyzed by taking both easy category of US and surgical operation as positive results and both difficult category as negative results. We obtained satisfactory sensitivity (93.8%), accuracy (81.4%), and positive predictive value (84.7%), but low specificity (35.3%) and negative predictive value (60%). The highly positive results were the result of careful US examination. The low specificity and negative predictive value were attributed to the fact that most surgically difficult cases were due to adhesions around the gallbladder, difficult indeed to detect at US. We conclude that thorough abdominal US examination before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is useful in preoperative evaluation of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, even if it not infrequently fails to predict the surgically difficult cases mainly due to adhesions around the gallbladder.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 in pregnancy with preterm delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between preterm delivery and maternal serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) levels. DESIGN: A study over a 12 month period in which all samples were collected according to a pre-set protocol. SETTING: St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London. SUBJECTS: Thirty-eight nonpregnant adult females, 456 pregnant women at various gestational ages, 84 women with average-for-gestational-age babies at term delivery, and 49 pregnant women with preterm delivery (44 with singleton pregnancy and five with twin pregnancy). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Serum IGF-I concentrations increased as pregnancy progressed. In the third trimester, serum IGF-I levels in singleton preterm deliveries were lower than those in normal pregnancies, and IGFBP-1 concentrations were higher than those in normal pregnancies. This phenomenon was not obvious in the second trimester. Maternal circulating IGFBP-1 levels were correlated inversely with birthweight in women with singleton preterm delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Neither IGF-I nor IGFBP-1 appears to play a significant role in preterm delivery since maternal serum IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels are similar in preterm and term deliveries.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1993

Hepatitis C markers in hemodialysis patients.

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among the patients of a hemodialysis unit in Taiwan was determined by an immunoblot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction algorithm to be 58.8% (67 of 114 patients) after serological surveys with two advanced-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for anti-HCV and a C 100-3 single-antigen test. The results of the second-generation ELISAs, the supplementary immunoblot test, and the test for HCV RNA were in good agreement with each other, from 86.0 to 98.2%. The first-generation C 100-3 test lacked the sensitivity of the four other systems. The two advanced-generation screening ELISAs for anti-HCV, a multiple-recombinant-antigen test, the Abbott second-generation ELISA, and a synthetic peptide multiple-antigen test, the UBI HCV EIA, provided reliable and virtually equivalent detection of potentially infected blood. Antibodies to capsid 1 and capsid 2 determinants of the Liatek immunoblot system were the most frequently detected reactivities to HCV in the HCV-infected hemodialysis patients. The percentage of HCV-infected patients with abnormal liver function (alanine aminotransferase level, greater than 100 IU/liter) was higher than that of the uninfected patients. The prevalence of HCV infection was correlated to the duration of hemodialysis treatment and the amount of blood transfused, and the most common transmission mode was thought to be patient-to-patient transmission through the dialysis equipment. Several means of reducing the frequency of transmission between hemodialysis patients are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Laparoscopic management of benign ovarian tumors.

Forty-six consecutive cases of laparoscopic management of ovarian tumors are reported. In the present study, patients were not included if there was any suspicion of malignancy. Indications for laparoscopic management of ovarian tumors included ovarian cyst (n = 20), endometrioma (n = 22), dermoid cyst (n = 3) and gonadal dysgenesis (n = 1). Postoperative intra-abdominal bleeding occurred in one case in our series and laparotomy was then performed for check-up. The average hospital stay was 2.4 days. The entire tumor was removed through the infraumbilical incision or through the culdotomy. Laparoscopic management of ovarian tumors is a cost-effective and safe procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of infertility using controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with intrauterine insemination: the experience of 343 cases.

Fecundity rates were measured for 343 patients in 467 cycles of ovulation induction with intrauterine insemination (IUI) from January 1990 to April 1992. Total pregnancy rate per cycle (PR) was 15.6% with a spontaneous abortion (SA) rate of 19.2%, an ectopic pregnancy (EP) rate of 4.1%, a multiple pregnancy (MP) rate of 19.2%, and an ongoing or live-birth (LB) rate of 12.0%. Using gonadotropins as a unique or as an additional stimulatory reagent improved the pregnancy rate of anovulatory patients by more than three-fold over use of clomiphene citrate (CC) alone (33.3% vs 10.7%). In other diagnostic entities, the PRs were higher, but the difference was not statistically significant between these two stimulation protocols (13.9% vs 8.4%; t = 1.70, p > 0.05). Pretreatment sperm motility and the post-treatment total motile sperm count were significantly correlated with the PRs. The same phenomena occurred when the number of follicles > or = 12 mm and the serum estradiol concentrations were taken into account. The highest PR was detected when the endometrial thickness fell between 8 and 13 mm. The spontaneous abortion rate was higher in CC only cycles and when the serum E2 was below 1000 pg/mL on the day human chorionic gonadotropin was administered. A multiple pregnancy could be predicted when a cycle of more than 10 follicles > or = 12 mm was detected (44.4%). The complications of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with IUI were low and mild in our study, comprising six cases of moderate to severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and three cases of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Laparoscopic hysterectomy with the Endo GIA 30 stapler.

Eighty-two patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomies from March 1991 to September 1992. The indications were adenomyosis, myomata uteri, intractable menorrhagia and endometriosis with severe pelvic adhesions. The operations were performed through usage of the techniques of videolaparoscopy, including a combination of Kleppinger bipolar forceps for hemostasis and scissors and/or CO2 laser for lysis of adhesions. Fourteen used the Endo GIA 30 stapler in transecting the infundibulopelvic and/or cardinouterosacral ligament. The mean blood loss was 175 mL, and two patients had intraoperative bladder injuries requiring laparotomy repair, but none of them was related to the utilization of the Endo GIA 30 stapler. Most of the patients were discharged on the second postoperative day. The advantages of laparoscopic hysterectomy are short hospitalization, small blood loss and less postoperative discomfort. Implementation of the Endo GIA 30 stapler could facilitate the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Multidrug resistant HOB1 lymphoma cells express P-glycoprotein that does not play the major role in the development of drug resistance to adriamycin.

Two cell lines resistant to 0.1 microM vincristine (VCR) and 2.0 microM adriamycin (ADR), respectively, (designated HOB1/VCR0.1 and HOB1/ADR2.0) were established from a human immunoblastic B lymphoma cell line. These cell lines showed the typical MDR phenotype with overexpression of P-glycoprotein and decreased [3H]VCR accumulation. The retention amounts of intracellular [3H]VCR in these two cell lines could be augmented by verapamil. However, in spite of the overproduction of P-glycoprotein, both HOB1/VCR1.0 and HOB1/ADR2.0 cells did not exhibit decreased accumulation of intracellular [14C]ADR. And the retention of [14C]ADR was not affected by verapamil. Our data support that P-glycoprotein is a drug transporter more important for the development of drug resistance to VCR than to ADR.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗