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Biomedical subjects

C L Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to C L Jackson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Inhibitory effect of calcium antagonists on balloon catheter-induced arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and lesion size.

Calcium antagonists inhibit atherogenesis in the cholesterol-fed rabbit without producing hypolipidaemia, suggesting a direct action on the arterial wall. In this study, the effects of several calcium antagonists on the myoproliferative response to balloon catheter injury of the aorta have been investigated in normolipidaemic rats and rabbits. The incorporation of [3H]thymidine into rat aortic DNA 48 h after balloon injury was markedly reduced by twice daily oral administration of nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem or lanthanum. DNA synthesis in other proliferating tissues was unaffected. Twice daily oral administration of prazosin or minoxidil, antihypertensive agents that are not calcium antagonists, also selectively reduced arterial DNA synthesis. In balloon catheterised rabbits twice daily oral administration of nifedipine (10 mg/kg) caused a 39% reduction in the cross-sectional area of the neo-intima 14 days after injury. These results show that nifedipine and other antihypertensive agents inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Localization of a human Na+,K+-ATPase alpha subunit gene to chromosome 19q12----q13.2 and linkage to the myotonic dystrophy locus.

The gene coding for a Na+,K+-ATPase alpha subunit (ATP1A3) has been localized to the q12----q13.2 region of human chromosome 19, potentially close to the myotonic dystrophy (DM) gene. In view of previous studies implicating a Na+,K+-ATPase in the pathology of DM, we have examined the possibility that ATP1A3 is a candidate for the DM locus. Although linked, several clear instances of recombination between ATP1A3 and DM rule out the possibility that mutations in ATP1A3 cause the disease. Examination of multiply informative pedigrees indicates the gene order DM-APOC2-ATP1A3.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Gonadoblastoma in infancy: indications for early gonadectomy in 46XY gonadal dysgenesis.

A 15-month-old phenotypic female was diagnosed as having 46XY gonadal dysgenesis following karyotyping for Turner-like features. Gonadectomy at the time of bilateral ureteral reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux showed gonadoblastoma. This case, in which malignancy was already established at 15 months, indicates the need for early gonadectomy, which should be performed at the time of diagnosis.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1988

Resection of large inferior vena caval thrombi from renal cell carcinoma with the use of circulatory arrest.

Removal of a large extension of renal cell carcinoma into the inferior vena cava can be a difficult operation. Circulatory arrest is an operative technique that recently has been used to assist in resection of tumors that extend into the vena cava above the level of the hepatic veins. At our clinic 18 patients were operated on with the intent of using circulatory arrest during radical nephrectomy and inferior vena caval thrombectomy. Of the 18 patients 13 ultimately underwent this procedure, since the remaining 5 had unresectable tumors. One patient died intraoperatively of an adverse reaction to protamine after technically successful removal of the tumor and thrombus. Resection was successful in 12 patients and 9 remained free of disease with short followup. We believe that the addition of circulatory arrest during resection of a large inferior vena caval thrombus allows for an opportunity to resect the tumor in a controlled situation that reduces the potential for sudden massive blood loss or a major vascular injury, and ultimately makes the operation safer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Terbutaline metered-dose inhalation vs metaproterenol by hand-held nebulization: a comparison in black inner-city COPD patients.

A greater percentage of the inner-city black population suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than does the white population in general. Urban black patients are also more likely than urban white patients to receive primary care for their COPD symptoms in area emergency rooms, which can affect the resources available for medical care in these institutions. The present study compared the standard of therapy at Provident Medical Center, metaproterenol, administered by a hand-held nebulizer (HHN), with therapy using terbutaline, administered by a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer, in 60 black patients with mild to moderate respiratory distress.Measurements of peak expiratory flow rates before and after therapy indicated that both methods of treatment provided similar relief. The terbutaline MDI modality, however, required less equipment and therapist time, and patients could continue the same therapy at home. All 60 patients were sent home on terbutaline MDI therapy. Follow-up by questionnaire, two to three weeks later, showed 95 percent of 36 respondents preferred the terbutaline MDI with spacer compared with their previous therapy.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1987

The human apolipoprotein C-II gene sequence contains a novel chromosome 19-specific minisatellite in its third intron.

The human apolipoprotein C-II gene was sequenced and found to contain four exons and three introns, with a major transcription initiation site located 26 base pairs downstream from a TATA sequence element. The third intron was found to be composed almost entirely of a novel 37-base pair minisatellite that is repeated six times. The minisatellite sequence was found to be present in approximately 60 different genomic locations. The minisatellite DNA sequence at three of these loci were compared and found to be highly conserved. In situ hybridization indicated that the minisatellite loci were clustered in the q13.3 band of chromosome 19. This is the first example of a chromosome- and band-specific repetitive element in the mammalian genome.

Apolipoprotein C-II↗
PubMed1986

Dexamethasone and estrogen regulate Xenopus laevis albumin mRNA levels.

The regulation of albumin mRNA levels by steroid hormones was examined in a primary Xenopus liver culture system. In the absence of exogenous steroid hormone, albumin mRNA levels declined rapidly in culture. Dexamethasone is required for preservation of albumin mRNA levels in culture and effects a greater than 10 fold induction of albumin mRNA in cultures maintained in steroid hormone-free medium. Estrogen can override the effect of dexamethasone and elicits a decline of greater than 80% in albumin mRNA levels. Our cDNA clones of the mRNAs encoding the two 74,000 dalton and one 72,000 dalton cellular albumins allowed us to show that all three albumin mRNAs were down regulated by estrogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Distribution of apolipoprotein A-I, C-II, C-III, and E mRNA in fetal human tissues. Time-dependent induction of apolipoprotein E mRNA by cultures of human monocyte-macrophages.

Recently developed molecular probes for human apolipoprotein (apo) genes have been used to study the specificity of human tissue expression of the apo A-I, apo C-II, apo C-III, and apo E genes. We have found that apo E mRNA was present in all tissues examined. On the basis of total RNA concentration the relative abundance of apo E mRNA expressed as a percentage of the liver value is as follows: adrenal gland and macrophages, 74-100%; gonads and kidney, 12-15%; spleen, brain, thymus, ovaries, intestine, and pancreas, 3-9%; heart, 1.5%; stomach, striated muscle, and lung, less than 1%. The relative concentration of apo E mRNA in cultures of human peripheral blood monocyte-macrophages increases dramatically as a function of time in culture, and after 5 days, it compares to that of liver. The human tissues shown to synthesize apo E mRNA were also examined for their ability to synthesize apo A-I, apo C-II, and apo C-III mRNA. The relative abundance of apo A-I, apo C-III, and apo C-II mRNA expressed as a percentage of the liver value is as follows: apo A-I, intestine, 50%; apo A-I, pancreas and gonads, 12%; apo A-I, kidney, 4%; apo A-I, adrenal, 2.5%; apo A-I, ovaries and heart, 1%; apo A-I, stomach and thymus, less than 1%; apo C-III, intestine, 62%; apo C-III, pancreas, 7%; apo C-II, intestine, 3%; apo C-II, pancreas, less than 1%. The knowledge of tissue specificities in the synthesis of apolipoproteins is important for our understanding of the regulation of apolipoproteins and lipoprotein metabolism.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and sequence of a human apolipoprotein CII cDNA clone and its use to isolate and map to human chromosome 19 the gene for apolipoprotein CII.

cDNA clones encoding human apolipoprotein CII (apo CII) were identified by screening an adult human liver cDNA library with a mixed oligonucleotide probe corresponding to all possible codons for apo CII amino acid 6-10. One clone with an approximately equal to 500-base-pair (bp) insert, designated pCII -711, was selected for DNA sequence analysis. This clone contained a DNA sequence that corresponded with the previously reported amino acid sequence of apo CII with only minor differences. The DNA sequence specified a polypeptide of 79 amino acids, compared to the 78 amino acids previously reported. The pCII -711 clone contains a 36-bp DNA sequence upstream from that specifying the NH2-terminal threonine which, when read in frame, specifies the amino acid sequence Leu-Val-Leu-Leu-Val-Leu-Gly-Phe-Glu-Val-Gln-Gly and may be part of an apo CII signal peptide. The pCII -711 clone also contains a 144-bp region that corresponds to the 3' untranslated region of apo CII mRNA as well as a portion of the poly(A) tail. Clone pCII -711 was used to isolate and characterize by restriction endonuclease digestion the gene for apo CII from a human genomic library. In addition, through Southern blot analysis of DNA from human-rodent somatic cell hybrids, clone pCII -711 also was used to provisionally map the gene for apo CII to human chromosome 19.

Adult↗